Common use of Message Exchange Phase Clause in Contracts

Message Exchange Phase. The goal of the message-exchange phase is to collect the messages. In the MANET, each node has partial or complete common knowledge of the graphic information of the underlying MANET (this depends on the routing protocols: table-driven or on-demand or hybrid). Each node can transmit message(s) to other nodes in the MANET directly or through intermediate nodes (relay nodes). To prevent the message falsification by the relay nodes, the message is authenticated. Therefore, a message from a sender node to a receiver node cannot be falsified by faulty relay nodes. If no message is received from a sender node, the valueδ0 is used as the received message. The valueδ0 is used to report an absent value. In the message-exchange phase, the number of rounds required γ must be computed, where γ=t+1, and t=⎣(n-1)/3⎦. In the first round of the message-exchange phase, the source node transmits its initial value vs using authentication technology to all other nodes. Each node then stores the value from the source node in the root s of its message gathering tree (mg-tree). The mg-tree is a tree structure that is used to store received messages (a detailed description of the mg-tree is presented in section 3.4). If the initial value vs from the source node is ”δ0”, the value “0” is then used to replace the value ”δ0”. After the first round of message-exchange phase (i>1), each node (except the source node) transmits the values at level i-1 in its mg-tree using authentication technology to all other nodes. If the value at level i-1 isδj the valueδj+1 is used as the transmitted value, where 0≤j≤⎣(n-1)/3⎦-1. Each node stores the values received at level i in its mg-tree.

Message Exchange Phase. The goal of the message-exchange phase is to collect the messages. In the BA problem, the source node only transmits a message in the first message exchange round. If the source node is a fault-free node, the source node value becomes the agreed initial value. If the source node is a faulty node, the value of the source node does not matter [10]. In the MANET, each node has partial or complete common knowledge of the graphic information of for the underlying MANET (this depends on the routing protocols: table-driven or driven, on-demand or hybrid). Each node can transmit message(s) to other nodes in the MANET directly or through intermediate nodes (relay nodes). To prevent the message falsification by the relay nodes, the message is authenticatedencrypted using encryption technology (such like RSA). Therefore, Faulty relay nodes cannot falsify a message from a sender node to a receiver node cannot be falsified by faulty relay nodesnode. If no message is received from a sender node, the valueδ0 value δ0 is used as the received message. The valueδ0 value δ0 is used to report an absent value. In the message-exchange phase, the number of rounds required γ must be computed, where γ=t+1, and t=⎣(n-1)/3⎦. t=(n-1)/3. In the first message exchange round of the message-exchange phase, the source node transmits its initial value vs using authentication encryption technology to all other nodes. Each node then stores the value from the source node in the root s of its message gathering tree (mg-tree). The mg-tree is a tree structure that is used to store received messages (a detailed description of the mg-tree is presented in section 3.4Appendix II). If the initial value vs received from the source node is ”“δ0”, ,” the value “0” is then used to replace the value ”“δ0”. .” After the first message exchange round of message-exchange phase (i>1γ>1), each node (except but the source node) node transmits the values at level i-1 γ-1 in its mg-tree using authentication encryption technology to all other nodes. If the value at level i-1 isδj γ-1 is δi, the valueδj+1 value δi+1 is used as the transmitted value, where 0≤j≤⎣(n-1)/3⎦-11≤i≤(n-1)/3-1. Each node stores the values received at level i γ in its mg-tree.