Markup Language Sample Clauses

Markup Language. ‌ A markup language [196] is an artificial language using a set of annotations to describe the in- formation regarding the structure of text or how it is to be displayed, which has been popularly used in computer typesetting and word-processing systems. Within a markup language, there is metadata, markup and data content. The metadata describes characteristics about the data, while the markup identifies the specific type of data content and acts as a container for that document instance. A well-known example of a markup language in use today in metadata processing is HTML, one of the most used in the World Wide Web. Furthermore, The Extensible Markup Lan- guage (XML) [302, 313] is a general-purpose specification for creating custom markup languages. It is classified as an extensible language, because it allows the user to define the markup elements. XML’s purpose is to aid information systems in sharing structured data, especially via the Inter- net, to encode documents, and to serialize data. Similarly, LATEX is also a well-know example of a markup language but used mainly within the domain of documents and typesetting. The Resource Description Framework (RDF) [237] is a family of World Wide Web Consor- tium (W3C) specifications [236], originally designed as a metadata data model. It has come to be used as a general method for conceptual description or modelling of information that is imple- mented in web resources; using a variety of syntax formats. The Web Ontology Language (OWL) [306] is a family of knowledge representation languages for authoring ontologies, and is endorsed by the World Wide Web Consortium. This family of languages is based on two (largely, but not entirely, compatible) semantics: OWL DL and OWL Lite semantics are based on Description Logics [12], which have attractive and well-understood computational properties, while OWL Full uses a novel semantic model intended to provide com- patibility with RDF Schema. OWL ontologies are most commonly serialized using RDF/XML syntax. OWL is considered one of the fundamental technologies underpinning the Semantic Web, and has attracted both academic and commercial interest. Lemon8-XML14 is an effort of Public Knowledge Project (PKP) led by University of British Columbia and Stanford University. It’s designed to help editors and authors convert scientific pa- pers from typical editing formats such as MS-Word and OpenOffice, into XML-based publishing layout formats. It provides the ability to edit ...