Horizontal forces Sample Clauses
The "Horizontal forces" clause defines the requirements and considerations for managing lateral loads that act on a structure, such as wind or seismic forces. It typically outlines how these forces should be calculated, distributed, and resisted by the building's structural system, specifying design standards or load combinations to be used. By addressing horizontal forces, this clause ensures the stability and safety of the structure under non-vertical loads, preventing structural failure due to sideways movement or collapse.
Horizontal forces. For mechanical coupling devices and components not designed to support imposed vertical loads, the value is: ܦൌ்݃כோ kN ்ାோ For mechanical coupling devices and components for center axle trailers as defined in 2.13, the value is: ܦ ൌ்݃כ kN ்ା For fifth wheel couplings of Class G, fifth wheel coupling pins of Class H and mounting plates of Class J, as defined in paragraph 2.6., the value is: ܦൌ݃Ǥכ்כோ kN ்ାோି where: T is the technically permissible maximum mass of the towing vehicle, in tonnes. Where relevant, this includes the vertical load imposed by a center axle trailer1. R is the technically permissible maximum mass, in tonnes, of a trailer with drawbar free to move in a vertical plane, or of a semitrailer1. C is the mass, in tonnes, transmitted to the ground by the axle or axles of the center axle trailer, as defined in paragraph 2.13., when coupled to the towing vehicle and loaded to the technically permissible maximum mass1. For Category O1 and O2 center axle trailers2 the technically permissible maximum mass will be that declared by the manufacturer of the towing vehicle. Towable mass: R or C (as applicable)
2.2. Vertical forces from center axle trailer The vertical force imposed on the coupling by the center axle trailer of technically permissible maximum mass greater than 3.5 tonnes is: 1 The mass T and R and the technically permissible maximum mass, may be greater than the permissible maximum mass prescribed by national legislation. 2 See definitions in UN Regulation No. 13 annexed to the 1958 Agreement the Adoption of Harmonized Technical United Nations Regulations for Wheeled Vehicles, Equipment and Parts which can be Fitted and/or be Used on Wheeled Vehicles and the Conditions for Reciprocal Recognition of Approvals Granted on the Basis of these United Nations Regulations. The definition is also contained in Annex 7 to the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3) (document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.6). మ ܸൌככమ kN (See the Note below) Figure 27 where: C is as defined in paragraph 2.1. of this annex a is an equivalent vertical acceleration at the coupling depending on the type of suspension system of the rear axle of the towing vehicle. For air suspension (or suspension systems with equivalent damping characteristics) a = 1.8 m/s2 For other types of suspension: a = 2.4 m/s2 X is the length of the loading area of the trailer, in meters (see Figure 27) L is the distance from the center of the drawbar eye to the center of the axle assembly...
Horizontal forces. For mechanical coupling devices and components not designed to support imposed vertical loads, the value is: kN For mechanical coupling devices and components for center axle trailers as defined in 2.13, the value is: kN For fifth wheel couplings of Class G, fifth wheel coupling pins of Class H and mounting plates of Class J, as defined in paragraph 2.6., the value is: kN where: T is the technically permissible maximum mass of the towing vehicle, in tonnes. Where relevant, this includes the vertical load imposed by a center axle trailer0. R is the technically permissible maximum mass, in tonnes, of a trailer with drawbar free to move in a vertical plane, or of a semitrailer3. C is the mass, in tonnes, transmitted to the ground by the axle or axles of the center axle trailer, as defined in paragraph 2.13., when coupled to the towing vehicle and loaded to the technically permissible maximum mass3. For Category O1 and O2 center axle trailers0 the technically permissible maximum mass will be that declared by the manufacturer of the towing vehicle.
Horizontal forces. For mechanical coupling devices and components not designed to support imposed vertical loads, the value is: kN For mechanical coupling devices and components for center axle trailers as defined in 2.13, the value is: kN For fifth wheel couplings of Class G, fifth wheel coupling pins of Class H and mounting plates of Class J, as defined in paragraph 2.6., the value is: kN where: T is the technically permissible maximum mass of the towing vehicle, in tonnes. Where relevant, this includes the vertical load imposed by a center axle trailer1. R is the technically permissible maximum mass, in tonnes, of a trailer with drawbar free to move in a vertical plane, or of a semitrailer1. C is the mass, in tonnes, transmitted to the ground by the axle or axles of the center axle trailer, as defined in paragraph 2.13., when coupled to the towing vehicle and loaded to the technically permissible maximum mass1. For Category O1 and O2 center axle trailers2 the technically permissible maximum mass will be that declared by the manufacturer of the towing vehicle. Towable mass: R or C (as applicable)
2.2. Vertical forces from center axle trailer The vertical force imposed on the coupling by the center axle trailer of technically permissible maximum mass greater than 3.5 tonnes is: kN (See the Note below) where: C is as defined in paragraph 2.1. of this annex a is an equivalent vertical acceleration at the coupling depending on the type of suspension system of the rear axle of the towing vehicle. For air suspension (or suspension systems with equivalent damping characteristics) a = 1.8 m/s2 For other types of suspension: a = 2.4 m/s2 X is the length of the loading area of the trailer, in meters (see Figure 27) L is the distance from the center of the drawbar eye to the center of the axle assembly, in meters (see Figure 27) Note: (If less than 1.0, the value of 1.0 shall be used) Figure 27 Dimensions of the center axle trailer Towable mass: C
Horizontal forces. For mechanical coupling devices and components not designed to support imposed vertical loads, the value is: kN For mechanical coupling devices and components for center axle trailers as defined in 2.13, the value is: kN For fifth wheel couplings of Class G, fifth wheel coupling pins of Class H and mounting plates of Class J, as defined in paragraph 2.6., the value is: T is the technically permissible maximum mass of the towing vehicle, in tonnes. Where relevant, this includes the vertical load imposed by a center axle trailer1.
1 The mass T and R and the technically permissible maximum mass, may be greater than the permissible maximum mass prescribed by national legislation.
2 See definitions in Regulation No. 13 annexed to the 1958 Agreement concerning the Adoption of Uniform Technical Prescriptions for Wheeled Vehicles, Equipment and Parts which can be Fitted and/or be Used on Wheeled Vehicles and the Conditions for Reciprocal Recognition of Approvals Granted on the Basis of these Prescriptions. The definition is also contained in annex 7 of the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3) (document TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.1/Amend.2).