Filtration. The purpose of filtration is to clarify water, strain out dust, dirt and other finely suspended particles. In doing so, many micro-organisms are removed but filtration alone cannot be relied upon to remove all organisms and a very good filter plant will only remove up to 98-99%. The removal of all organisms can only be ensured by an additional process of disinfection. The suspended matter referred to can be divided into: Inert Substance: Dust Dirt Fibres Living Micro-Organisms: Virus Bacteria Fungi Algae These living micro-organisms are mostly harmless, but some are pathogenic or disease producing and the number of organisms which would be an ineffective dose would vary according to the type of organism and its route of invasion. In other words the virulence of any organism is variable.
Filtration. Provide minimum MERV 8 pre-filters and MERV 13 secondary filters upstream of all cooling coils on all air handling equipment.
Filtration. All air induced into the space (both outside and recirculated) should be filtered using a medium efficiency (30% or greater by ASHRAE Dust SpotTest) filters. On rare occasions the medium efficiency filter may not prevent build-up of particulates on or inside the equipment cabinets at an unacceptably high rate. This can be caused by the presence of unusually fine particulates or very large amounts of average size particulates. In either case the remedy is to use filters of a high enough efficiency to give satisfactory performance. Filters should be changed at least once every six months (or more often if recommended by the manufacturer), or when filters are so "loaded up" that the fan system can not maintain proper room pressurization as described below.
Filtration. A duplex 100% capacity oil filter is provided in the lubricating oil supply line to prevent particle contaminates from circulating through the system. Under normal operation, oil flows through one of the duplex filter cartridges while the remaining filter cartridge is on standby duty. Oil flow can be manually diverted via a six way valve arranged to transfer oil to the standby filter during routine maintenance without interrupting the oil flow to the unit. OIL COOLER The oil cooler assembly is capable of maintaining an acceptable temperature range of oil to the bearings, 110 degrees to 120 degrees F (43 to 49 degrees C), while the system is in operation using BOP cooling water. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Proprietary Information Page 6 AES IRONWOOD CONTRACT FINAL ISSUE - OCTOBER 30, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The cooler is a plate type heat exchanger made up of a stack of cold pressed type 316 stainless steel plates secured between two covers by bolts. Each plate is fitted with a gasket that routes the lubricating oil and cooling water through alternate channels in a series of parallel groups. A double seal between the two flow channels, provided by the gasket, keeps the oil and water from mixing. The cooler can be disassembled without disconnecting piping. A dial thermometer indicates the outlet temperature of the oil. OIL PIPING The skid mounted oil piping for the lube oil system and the interconnecting piping from the skid to the turbine-generator is included. Pipes and connections shall be shielded in areas where oil leaks could contact hot turbine or steam pipe surfaces. GLAND STEAM SYSTEM AND VALVE STEM LEAKOFF SYSTEM A gland steam seal system is designed to: o Prevent air leakage into the exhaust end of the low pressure turbine during normal operation.
Filtration. All HVAC systems shall be filtered using a filter efficiency of not less than 30%, based upon ASHRAE Standard 52-76.
Filtration. Process Scale Up will verify that the filtration process is reproducible at scale and consistent with the process provided by Molichem.
Filtration. If interior doors are kept closed while the air conditioning is operating, air circulation from the closed room flows through the small space at the bottom of the door. This forces the air over the carpet fibers, which in turn act as a filter, catching particulates. Over time, a noticeable stain may develop at the threshold.
Filtration. Shall have EMI/RFI electrical noise filters.
Filtration. Filtration is used to separate liquid, which may contain the desired product, from solids, which may be impurities formed during synthesis, or that are added as a part of the synthesis. The filtration is performed using a filter plate and a vacuum filtration manifold.
Filtration. Filtration – a popular alternative to water purification in the Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) sector, developing contexts, and the market place – treats water by physically removing pathogens (Xxxxxx et al., 2015). According to the CDC, the technique consists of “a physical process that occurs when liquids, gases, dissolved or suspended matter adhere to the surface of, or in the pores of, an absorbent medium,” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014a). Filtering devices incorporate different absorbent mediums in a variety of different manners, creating a plethora of filtering technologies, including ceramic and carbon filters (World Health Organization, 2005), granular media (i.e. sand), and fabric filters (Sobsey, 2002). Therefore, the use of these filters will depend on the unique instructions for the different devices. Filters differ primarily by the size of pores in the absorbent medium. There are three pore sizes: micro, ultra, and nano. Microfiltration filters have pores sizes that range from 0.05 – 5.0 microns. Ultrafiltration devices have pores sizes ranging from 0.001-0.05 microns. Nanofiltration filters have pores sizes ranging from 0.008-0.01 microns (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014a). These differing pore sizes determine the type of pathogen affected. While a nanofiltration device is generally the most effective against protozoa, bacteria, and viruses, a microfiltration device is still effective against the larger pathogens such as Cryptosporidium and Giardia (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014a). However, even nanofiltration devices are not guaranteed to remove all of the smaller diarrhea-causing pathogens, including bacteria such as Campylobacter and E.
