Entomology Sample Clauses

Entomology. Become familiar with the small-scale cut flower grower industry and determine their most critical pest/damage issues. Conduct interviews to understand the current cut flower grower knowledge of damage/causative insect. The entomology team conducted multiple interviews on-farm (15 with both Hmong and traditional flower growers) and a written pest survey at the 2011 cut flower grower’s school. Results (Table 1) indicated that Washington state specialty cut flower growers believed in sustainable/organic production methods for pest management of cut flowers. Only two growers indicated they used pesticides and only one of those considered themselves a conventional grower, while the other practiced IPM. The majority of Hmong and traditional growers prefer sustainable methods of control. The Hmongs are sustainable because either they believe in the philosophy of sustainability or they lack the ability to access proper pesticide training in their language and are reticent to ask for assistance outside the Hmong community. Traditional growers not restricted by language barriers are sustainable by choice and actively search out sustainable methods and supplemental training to incorporate into their farm management. Some of the strategies mentioned by the traditional growers include:  Select cultivars that have few insect pests and avoid those that are prone to pest problems.  Adopt a holistic approach to cut flower growing beginning with fertile soil and grow a diverse range of plants rather than large monocultures. Many of the traditional flower growers actively practice “farmscaping” techniques. Only one grower interviewed was certified organic and recently had given up her certification. Others opt for a sustainable approach and indicate that the economic return for certified organic production is currently not enough incentive to endure the process of certification. Despite their preference for sustainable approaches, when asked, growers readily admitted they would use insecticides when appropriate. Of the seven survey respondents that provided information on cost of annual pest methods, only one indicated pest control inputs reached 10% of their annual budget, while all others indicated less than 5%. Four major cut flower pests were listed: aphids, slugs, thrips and spider mites. Eight minor pests were reported: earwigs and cutworms were mentioned multiple times (4 and 2 respectively) while others were mentioned once. Two of the minor pests listed were not cu...
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Entomology. The Seller shall at their expense, provide the Purchaser with certificate issued by an SA Pest Control Association approved entomologist dated not earlier than the date of this agreement, to the effect that there is no visible evidence of timber-destroying insects in the buildings on the property, that in the entomologists opinion should be treated. Should there be any such evidence, the Seller shall at their expense within 15 days of such report, contract with a qualified person to carry out the work necessary to enable the entomologist to issue the certificate.
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Entomology. Management agrees that all fire stations will be sprayed as needed for insects and pests. The facility manager will submit a work order quarterly for each station.
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Entomology d. Clinical Chemistry – Provided by UC Xxxxx Medical Center and fees are determined on a case by case basis depending on testing requested.
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Entomology. The entomology team facilitated entomology field research planning, implementation and analyses of data. The team identified the major insect pests of specialty cut flowers in Washington state, western spotted cucumber beetle and Lygus bug. Results provided information on efficacy of biorational/sustainable approaches, such as usefulness of plant architecture and road barriers to minimize pest infestation and field-testing of both commercial and “over-the-counter” insecticides to control major flower pests in western Washington. Information was presented to two cut flower grower’s schools. The entomology team planned, co-hosted and participated in the 2011 and 2012 grower’s schools. Xxxxxx Xxxxxx and Bee Cha of the WSU Small Farms Program have been instrumental in facilitating contact between Hmong farmer collaborators and researchers, allowing on-site farm visits and interviews. Bee provided transportation and instantaneous English/Hmong translation for Hmongs attending the cut flower grower’s school. Economics: Xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx and Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx (Jello Mold Farm and founding member of the Seattle Wholesale Growers Market Cooperative) provided critical insights and feedback during numerous stages of the economics research activities. The Seattle Wholesale Growers Market Cooperative also provided valuable technical information and assistance. Bee Cha, the Hmong Outreach Coordinator in Carnation, WA was instrumental in arranging harvest data collection, explaining challenges facing Hmong farmers, arranging farm visits, and providing input for the bouquet pricing study. Business people in the Washington cut flower industry were generous with their time in granting interviews and sharing information about the workings of their business. Numerous growers and other researchers reviewed surveys for technical accuracy and content, and have offered assistance in distribution results through professional networks. An abbreviated description of the economics/marketing activities and most significant findings and conclusions are included here. Appendices corresponding to each activity are included at the end of the report and contain more detailed summaries and visual representation of results.
Sample 1
Entomology. Insect pest management is market driven. Washington’s cut flower industry is stratified between the Hmongs focused on large volume at xxxxxx’x markets and tourist venues such as Seattle’s Pike Place Market, while the traditional growers have developed an additional niche through their grower owned wholesale growers market. The xxxxxx’x market clientele is more tolerant of insect damage and primarily focused on bouquet appeal through color and volume/dollar value. The traditional growers however are concerned with developing the state’s industry through promoting fresh, local quality flowers and demand a higher standard for insect/damage free flowers. These two systems uniquely mirror the ability of each group to successfully manage insect pests since economic damage threshold is also two-tiered. The two grower groups can exist in harmony while meeting the needs of the state’s cut flower consumers. The project team was surprised at the overall lack of insect pest issues on cut flowers. The traditional growers have developed efficient methods in planning, crop selection and continually select new varieties with pest issues in mind. They are eager to share their knowledge to promote the industry, which was evident by the development of the wholesale growers school. Many are members of the ASCFG (Association of Specialty Cut Flower Growers), a valuable national organization providing information including pest management and expertise to their members. The Hmongs are limited by their language barrier, to easily access new information, such as information on pest management and pesticide use. They intentionally overplant, anticipating loss from insect damaged flowers. Assistance to help the Hmongs will remain primarily within their own community and through outreach by WSU experts such as the Small Farms Program. The pictorial guide to insect pests was not completed due to the challenges of writing a guide for an ethnic group lacking a formal written language. The team will explore the possibility of creating a pictograph style that would be instructive for the Hmong cut flower growers and will continue to look into different formats for non-language communication.
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Entomology. As vineyards and wineries continue to grow in number in Ohio we must be mindful of the long- term sustainability of grape production because what we do now will shape the trajectory of our grape industry in the future. In managing insect pests of grapes, our key challenges are: 1) staying up to date on the activity and occurrence of grape pests in Ohio, both old and new;
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Related to Entomology

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