Common use of Depression Clause in Contracts

Depression. The level of depression symptomatology experienced during the past week of the clinical sample was assessed with the Dutch version of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D) (Bouma, Ranchor, Sanderman, & van Sonderen, 1995; Radloff, 1977) before the MI and at 14 months after the completion of the course. In this sample Crohnbach’s alpha (α) was .90. This test has been developed by Williams and Broadbent (1986) to measure memory specificity, and has later been modified by McNally and colleagues (McNally et al., 1995). Two versions were used, each with five negative and five positive cue words. In version 1, the cue words were: friendly (+), guilty (-), honest (+), impolite (-), helpful (+), jealous (-), clever (+), selfish (-), humorous (+), and hostile (-), and in version 2: happy (+), clumsy (-), loyal (+), mean (-), tolerant (+), cowardly (-), disciplined (+), distrusting (-), kind (+), and lazy (-). Participants were asked to recall an event at which they had shown the trait displayed on a flashcard and simultaneously read aloud by the experimenter. The response was considered a specific memory if it referred to a particular event lasting not longer than a day. Three practice items were administered and direct feedback was given about the correctness of the response. Participants were allowed 60s to come up with a memory; expiration was scored as no memory. The specificity was checked by asking details such as dates, seasons, time of the day, dress etc. The number of specific answers formed the response variable AMT specific. All interviews were recorded on audiotape and scored by the first author as well as by trained student psychologists. The level of agreement was good (kappa .89; p <.001). For disagreements, a third rater broke the tie without knowledge of the previous ratings. The change in autobiographical memory specificity (∆AMT) was defined as baseline AMT score minus AMT score after the MI. VAMS for mood are a quick and simple means for measuring mood state (Killgore, 1999) with good reliability and validity (Ahearn, 1997). Participants were repeatedly asked during the experiment to rate their mood on VAMS measuring 100 mm by crossing the line ranging from ‘not at all gloomy’ (zero) to ‘very gloomy’ (100 mm). The scales were scored measuring the length (in mm) from ‘zero’ to this mark. The change in mood (∆mood) was defined as the baseline VAMS minus VAMS after the MI.