Communication Overhead Comparison Clause Samples

Communication Overhead Comparison. We next compare the communication overheads of the pro- posed USAF-IoD and the other five benchmark schemes dur- ing the login and AKA phases. It is assumed that all identities, timestamps, random nonces (numbers), ECC points, and hash values require 128 bits, 32 bits, 128 bits, 320 bits and 256 bits, respectively. Furthermore, the ASCON/AEGIS key and au- thentication parameters are 128 bits each. During the login and AKA phases, USAF-IoD transmits three messages, M1 =< 1 TABLE VII: Comparative analysis: energy overheads ▇▇▇▇▇ et al. [13] (0.021 ∗ 2688)/1000 = 0.0564 (0.66 ∗ 512 + 0.29 ∗ 512)/1000 = 0.486 0.5424 ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al. [14] (0.021 ∗ 3712)/1000 = 0.0780 (0.66 ∗ 512 + 0.29 ∗ 352)/1000 = 0.440 0.5180 ▇▇▇ et al. [15] (0.021 ∗ 3712)/1000 = 0.0780 (0.66 ∗ 512 + 0.29 ∗ 672)/1000 = 0.533 0.6110 ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al. [17] 2 ∗ 8.8 + (0.021 ∗ 1952)/1000 = 17.678 (0.66 ∗ 512 + 0.29 ∗ 992)/1000 = 0.626 18.304 ▇▇▇▇▇ et al. [18] (0.021 ∗ 4480)/1000 = 0.0941 (0.66 ∗ 512 + 0.29 ∗ 768)/1000 = 0.561 0.6551 ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al. [25] (104 ∗ 52)/1000 + 2 ∗ 8.8 + (0.021 ∗ 1696)/1000 = 23.049 (0.66 ∗ 480 + 0.29 ∗ 672)/1000 = 0.512 23.561 ▇▇ et al. [29] 2.5 + 8.8 + (0.021 ∗ 4160)/1000 = 11.3874 (0.66 ∗ 512 + 0.29 ∗ 512)/1000 = 0.486 11.8734 Proposed USAF-IoD (23 ∗ 104)/1000 + 2.5 + (0.021 ∗ 1600)/1000 = 4.925 (0.66 ∗ 448 + 0.29 ∗ 576)/1000 = 0.462 5.388 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12