Anon Sample Clauses

Anon. ‘▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Among the Alps (Book Review), The Spectator, 44 (1871), 922-23 (p. 923). 66 ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, Hours, p. 104. 67 Ibid., p. 142; 198; 165; 189; 304. undermine my earlier claim that matter forces ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ to think. Rather, they appear to imply that ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ sees the mountains as regions to be conquered and playgrounds in which to test his own strength. On the surface then, adventurous exploration and the effort required to attain a state of verticality embodies a double function. It stands as a metaphor for the all- encompassing progress of materialism while furnishing the heroic explorer with added experiential clout. ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ has demonstrated that other famous nineteenth-century mountaineers such as ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ believed that direct interaction with nature, and the muscular exertion undertaken on the part of the climber, constituted an authoritative claim to empirical knowledge. Following ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇’s rhetoric, Alpinist scientists like ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ could thus speak of having undergone “a rigorous experience on behalf of science”.68 The more life-threatening or daring the experience and the greater levels of verticality attained, the more the theory in question could itself be grounded upon solid scientific principles. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇’▇ Alpine reports play with these tropes, his athletic strength and aptitude for climbing supposedly bringing him greater scientific knowledge too. Like the muscular Christianity of ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, the Alpinists saw sport and fitness as activities central to the promotion of physical, intellectual, moral and manly health. Moreover, in predicating his metaphors on the vertical axis, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ taps into pre-existing cognitive prejudices prioritising the value of height and extremes of difference. Consequently, the power and energies of ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇’▇ own body and the virtuous qualities of disciplined exercise are inextricably woven into the textual fabric of his mountaineering journals. “The present volume,” ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ writes in the preface to Hours of Exercise, “is for the most part a record of bodily action, written ... to preserve to myself the memory of strong and joyous hours”.69 Yet while these self-aggrandising and combative overtones provided ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇’▇ critics with evidence of his vanity, there is 68 ▇▇▇▇▇, ‘Heroic’, p. 66. 69 ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, Hours, p. v. also another interpretation in which confrontation with nature works to complicate the world/man divide. The first of these is a form of duality. In both his bodily response to the world a...