Optimality Theory Clause Samples
The 'Optimality Theory' clause establishes a framework for evaluating and selecting the most effective or efficient option among alternatives based on predefined criteria. In practice, this clause may be used in contracts or agreements to ensure that decisions—such as choosing suppliers, methods, or solutions—are made by comparing available options and selecting the one that best meets the agreed standards or objectives. Its core function is to promote fairness and efficiency by providing a structured method for decision-making, thereby reducing disputes and ensuring that the chosen option aligns with the parties' mutual interests.
Optimality Theory constraint interaction in generative grammar. Malden, Mass.: ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Publishing.
Optimality Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇. 2004. Mood/Aspect/Negation Morphemes in Tabelbala Songhay (Korandje). Afrika und Übersee. 87. pp. 131-153. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇. 2005. Review of ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ (2003). Journal of African Languages and Linguistics 26/1. pp. 99-103. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇. 2007a. Grammatical borrowing in Tasawaq: In: ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ and ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ (eds.): Grammatical Borrowing in Cross-Linguistic Perspective. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter. pp. 75-90. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇. 2007b. The borrowing of aspect as lexical tone: y-initial Tuareg verbs in Tasawaq (Northern Songhay). Studies in African Linguistics 36(2). pp. 151-166. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇. 2008. Adjectives in Northern Songhay. Afrika und Übersee 90. pp. 109-132. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇. 2010. Parallel System Borrowing. Parallel morphological systems due to the borrowing of paradigms. Diachronica 27/3. pp. 459–488. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇. 2011. A grammar of ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ (Niger). Cologne: ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇. 2013. The Arabic Influence on Northern Berber. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ 2016. A Tasawaq (Northern Songhay, Niger) text with grammatical notes. Linguistic Discovery 13/1. pp. 82-118. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇ ▇. Analyzing grammar: an introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇. 1968. L’ensemble songhay-jerma: Problèmes et thèmes de travail. Actes du 8e congrès SLAO. Ann. Université d’Abidjan, ▇▇́▇▇▇ ▇. pp. 87-99. RCP 322. Paris. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇. 1981. Emghedeshie, « Songhay language of Agadez », à travers les documents de ▇▇▇▇▇. In: Itinérances…en pays peul et ailleurs: mélanges réunis par les chercheurs de l'ERA 246 du CNRS à la mémoire de Pierre Francis ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇▇: Société des Africanistes. pp. 11-19. ▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇. 2011. Étude descriptive et comparative d’une langue menacée : le tetserret, langue berbère du Niger. Cologne: ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇. 2013. Mixed languages. In: Contact languages: A comprehensive guide, ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇ and ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇ (eds). Berlin: Mouton. pp. 159-228. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇ ▇. 1966. ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇. pp. 679-688. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇. Unpublished online article. A Songhay-Mande Convergence Area? Facts, Questions, Frames.▇▇▇▇://▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇▇.▇▇/ChaireIUF- ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇/TextesRN/▇▇▇▇▇▇▇-mande_convergence.pdf ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇. 1977. Sur l'appartenance du songhay. In: Annales de la faculté des lettres de Nice, 28. pp. 129-145. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇. 1980. Le Songhay Septentrional (études ...
Optimality Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇., & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇. (1977). Topics in phonological theory. New York, San Francisco and London: Academic Press. ▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇. ▇., & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇. ▇. (2006). Enhancement and overlap in the speech chain. Language, 82 , 33-63. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇. (1982). From cyclic phonology to lexical phonology. In H. ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇ (Eds.), The structure of phonological representations (Vol. 1, p. 13175). Dordrecht: Foris. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇., & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇. (2003). Towards a typology of disharmony. The Linguistic Review , 20 , 217-241.
Optimality Theory. Constraint Interaction in Gen- erative Grammars. Technical Reports of the Rutgers University Center of Cognitive Sci- ence. Also published (2004) by Malden, MA: ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇.
Optimality Theory. Technical Report No.
Optimality Theory. Constraint interaction in gen- erative grammar . Rutgers University Center for Cognitive Science, New Brunswick, NJ: Report no. RuCCS-TR-2.
Optimality Theory. The diachronic section of the thesis explores the origin of the semi-reversed tonal contours in Rule B. It argues that Rule B and Rule A developed out of a common predecessor but adapted in different ways to declaration melodies from non-accent dialects, which lead to opposite declarative contours.
Optimality Theory. Constraint Interaction in Generative Grammar. Malden, MA, and Oxford, UK: ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇. ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ (2004). A typology of consonant agreement as correspondence. Language 80. 475- 531. ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ (2007). Speech Error Elicitation and Co-occurrence Restrictions in two Ethiopian Semitic Languages. Language and Speech 50. 451-504.
Optimality Theory. (Vol. 2). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇. (2005). Gramatika srpskog jezika. Beograd: Zavod za udžbenike i nastavna sredstva. ▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇. ▇. (1983). Monitoring and self-repair in speech. Cognition, 14(1), 41-104. London: ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇., ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇., ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇., & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, M. (2011). When persons disagree: an ERP study of Unagreement in Spanish. Psychophysiology, 48(10), 1361-1371. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇. ▇. (2011). Doing optimality theory: Applying theory to data. ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ & Sons. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, N., ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, C., & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇.▇. (2012). Semantic combinatorial processing of non-anomalous expressions. Neuroimage, 59(4), 3488-3501 ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, N., ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, F., Canal, P., ▇▇▇▇▇, S., & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, C. (2008). Cloze-probability does not only affect N400 amplitude: The case of complex prepositions. Psychophysiology, 45(6), 1008-1012 ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇., ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇., ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇., ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, P., & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, M. (2012). Oscillatory dynamics related to the Unagreement pattern in Spanish. Neuropsychologia, 50(11), 2584- 2597. ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇. (2014). Numeral induced agreement mismatches in Serbo-Croatian (Unpublished master dissertation). Utrecht University. ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇. (2009). On the interpretation of the number attraction effect: Response time evidence. Journal of Memory and Language, 60(2), 308-327. Team, R. C. (2014). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, 2012. ▇▇▇▇▇▇, M. A., ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇., & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, D. (2015). Representing number in the real-time processing of agreement: self-paced reading evidence from Arabic. Frontiers in psychology, 6. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇., ▇. Butterworth, and ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ (1995). Constructing subject-verb agreement in speech: the role of semantic and morphological factors. Journal of Memory and Language, 34, 186‑215. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇., ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇., & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇. ▇. (1996a). Subject-verb agreement in Spanish and English: Differences in the role of conceptual constraints. Cognition, 61(3), 261-298. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇., ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇.▇., ▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇., & ▇▇▇▇, H.H.J. (1996b). One or more labels on the bottles? Notional concord in Dutch and French. Language and Cognitive Processes, 11(4), 407-442. ▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇. ▇., ▇▇▇, ▇. ▇., & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇. (2009). Agreement attraction in comprehension: Representations and processes. Journal of Memory and Language, 61(2), 206-237. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇., & ▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇. (2003). The many faces of agreement. Stanford: Center for the Study of Language and Information. ▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇. (19...
Optimality Theory. Constraint interaction in Generative Grammar: ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇: Malden-Oxford-Carlton. (ROA-537). ▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇, & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, Nazarré. (2014). OTWorkplace. Software version 54. ▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇. (2012). Vowel harmony as agreement by correspondence. Annual Report of the UC Berkeley Phonology Lab (2012), 138-168. ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇. (2000). Rethinking geminates, long-distance geminates, and the OCP. Linguistic Inquiry, 31(1), 85-122.