Examples of DT in a sentence
From the comparison to the calculations, an evaluated effective 4f valence (𝑣4𝑓) of 2.36 ± 0.02 at 300 K and 2.71 ± 0.02 at 80 K is obtained, which is in good agreement with the previously reported values [5, 6].Figure 2(a) shows M5-edge tr-XAS for the lowest (0.12 mJ/cm2) and highest (5.0 mJ/cm2) fluences at Δt = 0.5 ps directly probing the excited Eu 4f states.
Its slope is derived from the experimental data for the 0.12 mJ/cm2 at Δt = –5.0 ps (equilibrium) and 0.5 ps (non-equilibrium).
Figure 3(c) shows theexperimental M5-edge tr-XAS for 0.12 mJ/cm2 at 80 K and Δt = 0.5 ps together with equilibrium data for comparison(Δt = –5.0 ps) as well as the calculated tr-XAS based on the ICF model.
These observed pump-probe differences imply a fluence-dependent change in 𝑣4𝑓 of Eu ions at early times (Δt = 0.5 ps) after the excitation.
For theexcited state at Δt = 0.5 ps, 𝑇∗ is estimated to be 222 K when keeping 𝐸ex = 48 meV.Figures 4(a) and 4(b) show the experimental and calculated data of the tr-XAS and their spectral deviations from the equilibrium data for selected laser fluences at Δt = 0.5 ps and T = 80 K, respectively.