EXECUTION COPY
Exhibit 10.8
AMENDED AND RESTATED PLEDGE AGREEMENT
AMENDED AND RESTATED PLEDGE AGREEMENT, dated as of July 28, 2008 (as
amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified, this "AGREEMENT"), made
by each entity listed as a pledgor on the signature pages hereto (each a
"PLEDGOR" and collectively, the "PLEDGORS"), in favor of CASTLERIGG MASTER
INVESTMENTS LTD., a company organized under the laws of the British Virgin
Islands, in its capacity as collateral agent (in such capacity, the "COLLATERAL
AGENT") for the "Buyers" (as defined below) party to the Purchase Agreements
referred to below.
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, Raptor Networks Technology, Inc., a Colorado corporation (the
"COMPANY") and each party listed as a "Buyer" on the Schedule of Buyers attached
to the 2006 SPA referred to below (collectively, the "2006 BUYERS") are parties
to a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of July 30, 2006 (as amended,
restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the "2006 SPA")
pursuant to which the Company has sold, and the 2006 Buyers have purchased, the
notes issued pursuant thereto (as such notes may be amended, restated, replaced
or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with the terms thereof,
collectively, the "2006 NOTES");
WHEREAS, the Company and each party listed as a "Buyer" on the Schedule
of Buyers attached to the 2007 SPA referred to below (collectively, the "2007
BUYERS") are parties to a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of July 31,
2007 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to
time, the "2007 SPA") pursuant to which the Company has sold, and the 2007
Buyers have purchased, the notes issued pursuant thereto (as such notes may be
amended, restated, replaced or otherwise modified from time to time in
accordance with the terms thereof, collectively, the "2007 NOTES");
WHEREAS, the Company and each party listed as a "Buyer" on the Schedule
of Buyers attached to the March 2008 SPA referred to below (collectively, the
"MARCH 2008 BUYERS") are parties to the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as
of March 31, 2008 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from
time to time, the "MARCH 2008 SPA"), pursuant to which the Company has sold, and
the March 2008 Buyers have purchased, the notes issued pursuant thereto (as such
notes may be amended, restated, replaced or otherwise modified from time to time
in accordance with the terms thereof, collectively, the "MARCH 2008 NOTES");
WHEREAS, in connection with the March 2008 SPA and the 2007 SPA and to
secure the 2007 Notes and the March 2008 Notes issued thereunder, (a) each
Pledgor (other than the Company) has executed and delivered the Guaranty, dated
as of March 31, 2008 (the "ORIGINAL GUARANTY"), pursuant to which such Pledgor
has guaranteed all of the obligations (collectively, the "ORIGINAL SECURED
OBLIGATIONS") of the Company under the 2007 SPA and the March 2008 SPA and the
other "Transaction Documents" (as such term is defined in each of the 2007 SPA
and the March 2008 SPA, such Transaction Documents, as amended, restated,
supplemented or otherwise modified, are hereinafter referred to as the "ORIGINAL
SECURED TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS"), (b) each Pledgor has executed and delivered the
Pledge Agreement, dated as of March 31, 2008 (the "ORIGINAL PLEDGE AGREEMENT"),
pursuant to which such Pledgor has granted to the Collateral Agent, for the
benefit of the 2007 Buyers and the March 2008 Buyers, a perfected first priority
security interest in and a lien on the Collateral described in the Original
Pledge Agreement and (c) each Pledgor has executed and delivered the Security
Agreement, dated as of March 31, 2008 (the "ORIGINAL SECURITY AGREEMENT" and,
together with the Original Guaranty and the Original Pledge Agreement,
collectively, the "ORIGINAL SECURITY DOCUMENTS"), pursuant to which such Pledgor
has granted to the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the 2007 Buyers and the
March 2008 Buyers, a perfected first priority security interest in and a lien on
the Collateral described in the Original Security Agreement;
WHEREAS, it being the intention of the parties hereto that (a) the
Original Secured Obligations outstanding as of the date hereof shall continue
and remain in effect pursuant to the Original Secured Transaction Documents (as
amended hereby) and (b) the Notes (as defined below) will rank senior to all
outstanding and future indebtedness of the Pledgors;
WHEREAS, the Company and each party listed as a "Buyer" on the Schedule
of Buyers attached to the July 2008 SPA referred to below (collectively, the
"JULY 2008 BUYERS" and, together with the 2006 Buyers, the 2007 Buyers and the
March 2008 Buyers, each a "BUYER" and collectively, the "BUYERS") intend to
enter into that certain Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of July __, 2008
(as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the
"JULY 2008 SPA" and, together with the 2006 SPA, the 2007 SPA and the March 2008
SPA, each a "PURCHASE AGREEMENT", and collectively the "PURCHASE AGREEMENTS"),
pursuant to which the Company will sell, and the 2008 Buyers will purchase, the
notes issued pursuant thereto (as such notes may be amended, restated, replaced
or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with the terms thereof,
collectively, the "JULY 2008 NOTES" and, together with the 2006 Notes, the 2007
Notes and the March 2008 Notes, each a "NOTE" and collectively, the "NOTES");
WHEREAS, it is a condition precedent to the July 2008 Buyers purchasing
the July 2008 Notes that (a) each Original Security Document shall have been
amended and restated in its entirety to secure the Original Secured Obligations
as well as all of the Company's obligations under the 2006 SPA, the 2006 Notes,
the July 2008 SPA, the July 2008 Notes and the other "Transaction Documents" (as
defined in the July 2008 SPA, such Transaction Documents, as amended, restated,
supplemented or otherwise modified, together with the Original Secured
Transaction Documents, collectively the "TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS") and (b) each of
the Pledgors and, with respect to the Security Agreement and the Pledge
Agreement referred to below, the Company shall have executed and delivered to
the Collateral Agent for the benefit of itself and the Buyers (i) this
Agreement, which amends and restates the Original Pledge Agreement, granting the
Collateral Agent a perfected first priority security interest in, and a lien on,
such Pledgor's interest in the Collateral (as defined below), (ii) the Amended
and Restated Guaranty, dated as of the date hereof (as amended, restated,
supplemented or otherwise modified, the "GUARANTY"), amending and restating the
Original Guaranty and guaranteeing all present and future obligations of the
Company under the Purchase Agreements, the Notes and the other Transaction
Documents and (iii) the Amended and Restated Security Agreement, dated as of the
date hereof (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified, the
"SECURITY AGREEMENT"), amending and restating the Original Security Agreement
and granting the Collateral Agent a perfected first priority security interest
in, and a lien on, such Pledgor's personal property described in the Security
Agreement;
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WHEREAS, the Pledgors are mutually dependent on each other in the
conduct of their respective businesses as an integrated operation, with the
credit needed from time to time by each Pledgor often being provided through
financing obtained by the other Pledgors and the ability to obtain such
financing being dependent on the successful operations of all of the Pledgors as
a whole; and
WHEREAS, each Pledgor has determined that the execution, delivery and
performance of this Agreement directly benefits, and is in the best interest of,
such Pledgor.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the agreements
herein and in order to induce the Buyers to perform under the Purchase
Agreements, each Pledgor agrees with the Collateral Agent as follows:
SECTION 1. DEFINITIONS AND RULES OF INTERPRETATION.
(a) DEFINITIONS. Reference is made to the Purchase Agreements and
the Notes for a statement of terms thereof. All capitalized terms used in this
Agreement which are defined in the Purchase Agreements or the Notes or in
Article 8 or Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect from time to
time in the State of New York (the "CODE"), and which are not otherwise defined
herein shall have the same meanings herein as set forth therein; provided, that
terms used herein which are defined in the Code as in effect in the State of New
York on the date hereof shall continue to have the same meaning notwithstanding
any replacement or amendment of such statute.
(b) Rules of Interpretation. Except as otherwise expressly
provided in this Agreement, the following rules of interpretation apply to this
Agreement: (i) the singular includes the plural and the plural includes the
singular; (ii) "or" and "any" are not exclusive and "include" and "including"
are not limiting; (iii) a reference to any agreement or other contract includes
permitted supplements and amendments; (iv) a reference to a law includes any
amendment or modification to such law and any rules or regulations issued
thereunder; (v) a reference to a person includes its permitted successors and
assigns; and (vi) a reference in this Agreement to an Article, Section, Annex,
Exhibit or Schedule is to the Article, Section, Annex, Exhibit or Schedule of
this Agreement.
SECTION 2. PLEDGE AND GRANT OF SECURITY INTEREST. As collateral
security for all of the Obligations (as defined in Section 3 hereof), each of
the Pledgors hereby pledges and assigns and grants to the Collateral Agent a
continuing security interest in, and Lien on, all of such Pledgor's right, title
and interest in and to the following (collectively, the "COLLATERAL"):
(a) all present, as set forth in Schedule I, and all future,
issued and outstanding shares of capital stock, or other equity or investment
securities of, or partnership, membership, or joint venture interests in, each
Subsidiary (as defined in the Purchase Agreements), whether now owned or
hereafter acquired by such Pledgor and whether or not evidenced or represented
by any stock certificate, certificated security or other instrument, together
with the certificates representing such equity interests, all options and other
rights, contractual or otherwise, in respect thereof and all dividends,
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distributions, cash, instruments, investment property and any other property
(including, but not limited to, any stock dividend and any distribution in
connection with a stock split) from time to time received, receivable or
otherwise distributed in respect of or in exchange for any or all of the
foregoing and all cash and noncash proceeds thereof (collectively, the "PLEDGED
SHARES");
(b) all present and future increases, profits, combinations,
reclassifications, and substitutes and replacements for all or part of the
foregoing Collateral heretofore described;
(c) all investment property, financial assets, securities, capital
stock, other equity interests, stock options and commodity contracts of such
Pledgor, all notes, debentures, bonds, promissory notes or other evidences of
indebtedness payable or owing to such Pledgor, and all other assets now or
hereafter received or receivable with respect to the foregoing;
(d) all securities entitlements of such Pledgor in any and all of the
foregoing; and
(e) all proceeds (including proceeds of proceeds) of any and all of the
foregoing;
in each case, whether now owned or hereafter acquired by such Pledgor and
howsoever its interest therein may arise or appear (whether by ownership,
security interest, Lien, claim or otherwise).
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the term "Collateral" shall not
include in the case of a Subsidiary of such Pledgor organized under the laws of
a jurisdiction other than the United States, any of the states thereof or the
District of Columbia (a "FOREIGN SUBSIDIARY"), more than 65% (or such greater
percentage that, due to a change in applicable law after the date hereof, (i)
would not reasonably be expected to cause the undistributed earnings of such
Foreign Subsidiary as determined for United States federal income tax purposes
to be treated as a deemed dividend to such Foreign Subsidiary's United States
parent and (ii) would not reasonably be expected to cause any material adverse
tax consequences) of the issued and outstanding shares of Capital Stock entitled
to vote (within the meaning of Treas. Reg. Section 1.956-2(c)(2)) (it being
understood and agreed that the Collateral shall include 100% of the issued and
outstanding shares of Capital Stock not entitled to vote (within the meaning of
Treas. Reg. Section 1.956-2(c)(2)) or other equity interest of such Foreign
Subsidiary). "Capital Stock" means (i) with respect to any Person that is a
corporation, any and all shares, interests, participations or other equivalents
(however designated and whether or not voting) of corporate stock, and (ii) with
respect to any Person that is not a corporation, any and all partnership,
membership or other equity interests of such Person. "Person" means an
individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association,
joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, joint venture or other
enterprise or entity or Governmental Authority. "Governmental Authority" means
any nation or government, any Federal, state, city, town, municipality, county,
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local or other political subdivision thereof or thereto and any department,
commission, board, bureau, instrumentality, agency or other entity exercising
executive, legislative, judicial, taxing, regulatory or administrative powers or
functions of or pertaining to government. "Lien" means any mortgage, lien,
pledge, charge, security interest or other encumbrance upon or in any Collateral
(including accounts and contract rights).
The Pledgors agree that the pledge of the shares of Capital Stock acquired by a
Pledgor of any and all Persons now or hereafter existing who is a Foreign
Subsidiary may be supplemented by one or more separate pledge agreements, deeds
of pledge, share charges, or other similar agreements or instruments, executed
and delivered by the relevant Pledgors in favor of the Collateral Agent, which
pledge agreements will provide for the pledge of such shares of Capital Stock in
accordance with the laws of the applicable foreign jurisdiction. With respect to
such shares of Capital Stock, the Collateral Agent may, at any time and from
time to time, in its sole discretion, take actions in such foreign jurisdictions
that will result in the perfection of the Lien created in such shares of Capital
Stock.
SECTION 3. Security for Obligations. The security interest created
hereby in the Collateral constitutes continuing collateral security for all of
the following obligations, whether now existing or hereafter incurred (the
"OBLIGATIONS"):
(a) (i) until the Satisfaction in Full of the Obligations (as
defined below), the payment by the Company, as and when due and payable (by
scheduled maturity, required prepayment, acceleration, demand or otherwise in
accordance with the terms of the Notes), of all amounts from time to time owing
by it in respect of the Purchase Agreements, the Notes and the other Transaction
Documents, and (ii) the payment by each of the Guarantors (as defined in the
Guaranty), as and when due and payable of all "Guaranteed Obligations" under
(and as defined in) the Guaranty, including, without limitation, (A) all
principal of and interest on the Notes (including, without limitation, all
interest that accrues after the commencement of any bankruptcy proceeding of the
Pledgors, whether or not the payment of such interest is unenforceable or is not
allowable due to the existence of such bankruptcy proceeding), and (B) all fees,
commissions, expense reimbursements, indemnifications and all other amounts due
or to become due under any of the Transaction Documents; and
(b) until the Satisfaction in Full of the Obligations, the due
performance and observance by each Pledgor of all of its other obligations from
time to time existing in respect of any of the Transaction Documents.
As used herein, "Satisfaction in Full of the Obligations" means the
satisfaction in full of all indebtedness and other obligations owed by the
Company to the Buyers under the Notes and the other Transaction Documents
(including, without limitation, all principal, interest (including, without
limitation, all interest that accrues after the commencement of any Insolvency
Proceeding of any Pledgor, whether or not the payment of such interest is
unenforceable or is not allowable due to the existence of such Insolvency
Proceeding), and fees, but excluding obligations under the Transaction Documents
(other than the Notes) that may arise after the payment or satisfaction in full
of the Notes) by means of cash payment, conversion into equity securities of the
Company, waiver of obligations by the Buyers, proceeds from Collateral (as
defined in the Security Agreement) paid to or retained by Buyers in accordance
with the Transaction Documents, and/or such other satisfaction as may be
contemplated by the Notes or the other Transaction Documents or as otherwise
agreed to by the Buyers, or any combination of the foregoing, in each case in
accordance with the Notes or the applicable Transaction Documents.
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SECTION 4. Delivery of the Collateral.
(a) All certificates currently representing the Pledged Shares
shall be delivered to the Collateral Agent on or prior to the execution and
delivery of this Agreement. All other promissory notes, certificates and
instruments constituting Collateral from time to time or required to be pledged
to the Collateral Agent pursuant to the terms of this Agreement (the "ADDITIONAL
COLLATERAL") shall be delivered to the Collateral Agent promptly upon receipt
thereof by or on behalf of any of the Pledgors. All such promissory notes,
certificates and instruments shall be held by the Collateral Agent pursuant
hereto and shall be delivered in suitable form for transfer by delivery or shall
be accompanied by duly executed instruments of transfer or assignment or undated
stock powers executed in blank, all in form and substance reasonably
satisfactory to the Collateral Agent. If any Collateral consists of
uncertificated securities, unless the immediately following sentence is
applicable thereto, the Pledgors shall cause the Collateral Agent (or its
designated custodian, nominee or other designee) to become the registered holder
thereof, or cause each issuer of such securities to agree that it will comply
with instructions originated by the Collateral Agent (or its designated
custodian, nominee or other designee) with respect to such securities without
further consent by the Pledgors. If any Collateral consists of securities
entitlements, the Pledgors shall transfer such securities entitlements to the
Collateral Agent (or its designated custodian, nominee or other designee) or
cause the applicable securities intermediary to agree that it will comply with
entitlement orders by the Collateral Agent (or its designated custodian, nominee
or other designee) without further consent by the Pledgors.
(b) Promptly upon the receipt by any Pledgor of any Additional
Collateral, a Pledge Amendment, duly executed by such Pledgor, in substantially
the form of Annex I hereto (a "PLEDGE AMENDMENT"), shall be delivered to the
Collateral Agent, in respect of the Additional Collateral which is or are to be
pledged pursuant to this Agreement, which Pledge Amendment shall from and after
delivery thereof constitute part of Schedule I hereto. Each Pledgor hereby
authorizes the Collateral Agent to attach each Pledge Amendment to this
Agreement and agrees that all promissory notes, certificates or instruments
listed on any Pledge Amendment shall for all purposes hereunder constitute
Collateral and such Pledgor shall be deemed upon delivery thereof to have made
the representations and warranties set forth in Section 5 with respect to such
Additional Collateral as of the date of the Pledge Amendment.
(c) If any Pledgor shall receive, by virtue of such Pledgor's
being or having been an owner of any Collateral, any (i) stock certificate
(including, without limitation, any certificate representing a stock dividend or
distribution in connection with any increase or reduction of capital,
reclassification, merger, consolidation, sale of assets, combination of shares,
stock split, spin-off or split-off), promissory note or other instrument, (ii)
option or right, whether as an addition to, substitution for, or in exchange
for, any Collateral, or otherwise, (iii) dividends payable in cash (except such
dividends permitted to be retained by such Pledgor pursuant to Section 7 hereof)
or in securities or other property or (iv) dividends, distributions, cash,
instruments, investment property and other property in connection with a partial
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or total liquidation or dissolution or in connection with a reduction of
capital, capital surplus or paid-in surplus, such Pledgor shall receive such
stock certificate, promissory note, instrument, option, right, payment or
distribution in trust for the benefit of the Collateral Agent, shall segregate
it from such Pledgor's other property and shall deliver it forthwith to the
Collateral Agent in the exact form received, with any necessary endorsement
and/or appropriate stock powers duly executed in blank, to be held by the
Collateral Agent as Collateral and as further collateral security for the
Obligations.
SECTION 5. Representations and Warranties. Each Pledgor jointly and
severally represents and warrants as of the date of this Agreement as follows:
(a) Each Pledgor (i) is a corporation, limited liability company
or limited partnership duly organized, validly existing and in good standing
under the laws of the state or jurisdiction of its organization, and (ii) has
all corporate, limited liability company or limited partnership power and
authority to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement.
(b) The execution, delivery and performance by each Pledgor of
this Agreement (i) have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, limited
liability company or limited partnership action, (ii) do not and will not
contravene its charter or bylaws, its limited liability company or operating
agreement or its certificate of partnership or partnership agreement, as
applicable, or any applicable law or any contractual restriction binding on or
affecting it or any of its properties, and (iii) do not and will not result in
or require the creation of any Lien upon or with respect to any of its
properties other than pursuant to this Agreement.
(c) The issuers of the Pledged Shares set forth in Schedule I
hereto are the Pledgors' only Subsidiaries existing on the date hereof. The
Pledged Shares have been duly authorized and validly issued, are fully paid and
nonassessable and the holders thereof are not entitled to any preemptive first
refusal or other similar rights. Except as noted in Schedule I hereto, the
Pledged Shares constitute 100% of the issued shares of capital stock,
partnership interests or membership or other equity interests, as applicable, of
the Subsidiaries. All other shares of stock constituting Collateral will be,
when issued, duly authorized and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.
(d) The Pledgors are and will be at all times the legal and
beneficial owners of the Collateral free and clear of any Lien, other than Liens
created by this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents.
(e) The exercise by the Collateral Agent of any of its rights and
remedies hereunder will not contravene any law or any contractual restriction
binding on or affecting any Pledgor or any of the properties of any Pledgor and
will not result in or require the creation of any Lien upon or with respect to
any of the properties of any Pledgor other than pursuant to this Agreement and
the other Transaction Documents.
(f) No authorization or approval or other action by, and no notice
to or filing with, any Governmental Authority is required to be obtained by any
Pledgor for (i) the due execution, delivery and performance by any Pledgor of
this Agreement, (ii) the grant by any Pledgor, or the perfection of the security
interest and Lien purported to be created hereby in the Collateral or (iii) the
exercise by the Collateral Agent of any of its rights and remedies hereunder,
except as may be required in connection with any sale of any Collateral by laws
affecting the offering and sale of securities generally.
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(g) This Agreement creates a valid security interest and Lien in
favor of the Collateral Agent in the Collateral, as security for the
Obligations. The Collateral Agent's having possession of the promissory notes
evidencing the Collateral, the certificates representing the Pledged Shares and
all other certificates, instruments and cash constituting Collateral from time
to time results in the perfection of the security interest in such Collateral.
Such security interest and Lien is, or in the case of Collateral in which any of
the Pledgors obtains rights after the date hereof, will be, a perfected first
priority Lien. All action necessary to perfect and protect such security
interest and Lien has been duly taken, except for the Collateral Agent's having
possession of certificates, instruments, securities entitlements and cash
constituting Collateral after the date hereof.
SECTION 6. Covenants as to the Collateral. Until Satisfaction in Full
of the Obligations, each Pledgor will, unless the Collateral Agent shall
otherwise consent in writing:
(a) keep adequate records concerning the Collateral owned or
purported to be owned by it and permit the Collateral Agent, or any designees or
representatives thereof, at time and from time to time during reasonable hours
after prior written notice to examine and make copies of and abstracts from such
records in accordance with Section 5(l) of the Security Agreement;
(b) at the Pledgors' joint and several expense, promptly deliver
to the Collateral Agent a copy of each material notice or other material
communication received by any Pledgor in respect of the Collateral;
(c) at the Pledgors' joint and several expense, defend the
Collateral Agent's right, title and security interest in and to the Collateral
against the claims of any Person;
(d) at the Pledgors' joint and several expense, at any time and
from time to time, promptly execute and deliver all further instruments and
documents and take all further action that may be necessary or that the
Collateral Agent may reasonably request in order to (i) perfect and protect, or
maintain the perfection of, the security interest and Lien purported to be
created hereby, (ii) enable the Collateral Agent to exercise and enforce its
rights and remedies hereunder in respect of the Collateral or (iii) otherwise
effect the purposes of this Agreement, including, without limitation, delivering
to the Collateral Agent irrevocable proxies in respect of the Collateral for
exercise pursuant to Section 7 hereof;
(e) except as expressly permitted by this Agreement or the other
Transaction Documents, not sell, assign (by operation of law or otherwise),
exchange or otherwise dispose of any Collateral or any interest therein except
in the ordinary course of business;
(f) except as expressly permitted by this Agreement or the other
Transaction Documents, not create or suffer to exist any Lien, upon or with
respect to any Collateral;
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(g) except as expressly permitted by this Agreement or the other
Transaction Documents, not make or consent to any amendment or other
modification or waiver with respect to any Collateral or enter into any
agreement or permit to exist any restriction with respect to any Collateral;
(h) except as expressly permitted by this Agreement or the other
Transaction Documents, not permit the issuance of (i) any additional shares of
any class of capital stock, partnership interests, member interests or other
equity of any Subsidiary, (ii) any securities convertible voluntarily by the
holder thereof or automatically upon the occurrence or non-occurrence of any
event or condition into, or exchangeable for, any such shares of capital stock
of any Subsidiary or (iii) any warrants, options, contracts or other commitments
entitling any Person to purchase or otherwise acquire any such shares of capital
stock of any Subsidiary;
(i) except as expressly permitted by this Agreement or the other
Transaction Documents, not issue any stock certificate, certificated security or
other instrument to evidence or represent any shares of capital stock, any
partnership interest or membership interest of any Subsidiary described in
Schedule I hereto; and
(j) except as expressly permitted by this Agreement or the other
Transaction Documents, not take or fail to take any action which would in any
manner impair the validity or enforceability of the Collateral Agent's security
interest in and Lien on any Collateral.
SECTION 7. Voting Rights, Dividends, Etc. in Respect of the Collateral.
(a) So long as no Event of Default (as defined in the Notes) (an
"EVENT OF DEFAULT") shall have occurred and be continuing:
(i) each Pledgor may exercise any and all voting and other
consensual rights pertaining to any Collateral for any purpose not inconsistent
with the terms of this Agreement, the Purchase Agreements or the other
Transaction Documents; provided, however, that (A) no Pledgor will exercise or
refrain from exercising any such right, as the case may be, if the Collateral
Agent gives it notice that, in the Collateral Agent's judgment, such action (or
inaction) is reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect and (B) each
Pledgor will give the Collateral Agent at least five (5) Business Days' notice
of the manner in which it intends to exercise, or the reasons for refraining
from exercising, any such right which is reasonably likely to have a Material
Adverse Effect;
(ii) the Pledgors may receive and retain any and all
dividends, interest or other distributions paid in respect of the Collateral to
the extent permitted by the Purchase Agreements; provided, however, that any and
all (A) dividends and interest paid or payable other than in cash in respect of,
and instruments and other property received, receivable or otherwise distributed
in respect of or in exchange for, any Collateral, (B) dividends and other
distributions paid or payable in cash in respect of any Collateral in connection
with a partial or total liquidation or dissolution or in connection with a
reduction of capital, capital surplus or paid-in surplus, and (C) cash paid,
payable or otherwise distributed in redemption of, or in exchange for, any
Collateral, together with any dividend, distribution, interest or other payment
which at the time of such dividend, distribution, interest or other payment was
not permitted by the Purchase Agreements, shall be, and shall forthwith be
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delivered to the Collateral Agent to hold as, Collateral and shall, if received
by any of the Pledgors, be received in trust for the benefit of the Collateral
Agent, shall be segregated from the other property or funds of the Pledgors, and
shall be forthwith delivered to the Collateral Agent in the exact form received
with any necessary indorsement and/or appropriate stock powers duly executed in
blank, to be held by the Collateral Agent as Collateral and as further
collateral security for the Obligations; and
(iii) the Collateral Agent will execute and deliver (or cause
to be executed and delivered) to a Pledgor all such proxies and other
instruments as such Pledgor may reasonably request for the purpose of enabling
such Pledgor to exercise the voting and other rights which it is entitled to
exercise pursuant to paragraph (i) of this Section 7(a) and to receive the
dividends, distributions, interest and other payments which it is authorized to
receive and retain pursuant to paragraph (ii) of this Section 7(a), in each
case, to the extent that the Collateral Agent has possession of such Collateral.
(b) Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of
Default:
(i) all rights of each Pledgor to exercise the voting and
other consensual rights which it would otherwise be entitled to exercise
pursuant to paragraph (i) of this Section 7(a), and to receive the dividends,
distributions, interest and other payments which it would otherwise be
authorized to receive and retain pursuant to paragraph (ii) of this Section
7(a), shall cease, and all such rights shall thereupon become vested in the
Collateral Agent which shall thereupon have the sole right to exercise such
voting and other consensual rights and to receive and hold as Collateral such
dividends, distributions, interest and other payments;
(ii) without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the
Collateral Agent may at its option exercise any and all rights of conversion,
exchange, subscription or any other rights, privileges or options pertaining to
any of the Collateral as if it were the absolute owner thereof, including,
without limitation, the right to exchange, in its discretion, any and all of the
Collateral upon the merger, consolidation, reorganization, recapitalization or
other adjustment of any issuer of the Collateral or upon the exercise by any
issuer of the Collateral of any right, privilege or option pertaining to any
Collateral, and, in connection therewith, to deposit and deliver any and all of
the Collateral with any committee, depository, transfer collateral agent,
registrar or other designated collateral agent upon such terms and conditions as
it may determine; and
(iii) all dividends, distributions, interest and other
payments which are received by any Pledgor contrary to the provisions of
paragraph (i) of this Section 7(b) shall be received in trust for the benefit of
the Collateral Agent, shall be segregated from other funds of such Pledgor, and
shall be forthwith paid over to the Collateral Agent as Collateral in the exact
form received with any necessary indorsement and/or appropriate stock powers
duly executed in blank, to be held by the Collateral Agent as Collateral and as
further collateral security for the Obligations.
- 10 -
SECTION 8. Additional Provisions Concerning the Collateral.
(a) Each Pledgor hereby (i) authorizes the Collateral Agent to
file one or more financing or continuation statements, and amendments thereto,
relating to the Collateral, without the signature of such Pledgor where
permitted by law, (ii) ratifies such authorization to the extent that the
Collateral Agent has filed any such financing or continuation statements, or
amendments thereto, without the signature of such Pledgor prior to the date
hereof and (iii) authorizes the Collateral Agent to execute any agreements,
instruments or other documents in such Pledgor's name and to file such
agreements, instruments or other documents to perfect, protect or enforce the
security interest and Lien of the Collateral Agent in the Collateral or as
provided under Article 8 or Article 9 of the Code in any appropriate filing
office.
(b) Each Pledgor hereby irrevocably appoints the Collateral Agent
as its attorney-in-fact and proxy, with full authority in the place and stead
and in its name or otherwise, from time to time in the Collateral Agent's
discretion to take any action and to execute any instrument which the Collateral
Agent may reasonably deem necessary or advisable to accomplish the purposes of
this Agreement (subject to the rights of such Pledgor under Section 7(a)
hereof), including, without limitation, to receive, indorse and collect all
instruments made payable to such Pledgor representing any dividend, interest
payment or other distribution in respect of any Collateral and to give full
discharge for the same. This power is coupled with an interest and is
irrevocable until the termination of this Agreement in accordance with Section
13(e) hereof.
(c) If any Pledgor fails to perform any agreement or obligation
contained herein, the Collateral Agent itself may perform, or cause performance
of, such agreement or obligation, and the expenses of the Collateral Agent
incurred in connection therewith shall be jointly and severally payable by the
Pledgors pursuant to Section 10 hereof and shall be secured by the Collateral.
(d) Other than the exercise of reasonable care to assure the safe
custody of the Collateral while held hereunder, the Collateral Agent shall have
no duty or liability to preserve rights pertaining thereto and shall be relieved
of all responsibility for the Collateral upon surrendering it or tendering
surrender of it to any of the Pledgors. The Collateral Agent shall be deemed to
have exercised reasonable care in the custody and preservation of the Collateral
in its possession if the Collateral is accorded treatment substantially equal to
that which the Collateral Agent accords its own property, it being understood
that the Collateral Agent shall not have responsibility for (i) ascertaining or
taking action with respect to calls, conversions, exchanges, maturities, tenders
or other matters relating to any Collateral, whether or not the Collateral Agent
has or is deemed to have knowledge of such matters, or (ii) taking any necessary
steps to preserve rights against any parties with respect to any Collateral.
(e) The powers conferred on the Collateral Agent hereunder are
solely to protect its interest in the Collateral and shall not impose any duty
upon it to exercise any such powers. Except for the safe custody of any
Collateral in its possession in accordance with Section 8(d) above and the
accounting for monies actually received by it hereunder, the Collateral Agent
shall have no duty as to any Collateral or as to the taking of any necessary
steps to preserve rights against prior parties or any other rights pertaining to
any Collateral.
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(f) Upon the occurrence and during the continuation of any Event
of Default, the Collateral Agent may at any time in its discretion (i) without
notice to the Pledgors, transfer or register in the name of the Collateral Agent
or any of its nominees any or all of the Collateral, subject only to the
revocable rights of the Pledgors under Section 7(a) hereof, and (ii) exchange
certificates or instruments constituting Collateral for certificates or
instruments of smaller or larger denominations.
SECTION 9. Remedies Upon Default. If any Event of Default shall have
occurred and be continuing:
(a) The Collateral Agent may exercise in respect of the
Collateral, in addition to other rights and remedies provided for herein or
otherwise available to it, all of the rights and remedies of a secured party on
default under the Code then in effect in the State of New York; and without
limiting the generality of the foregoing and without notice except as specified
below, sell the Collateral or any part thereof in one or more parcels at public
or private sale, at any exchange or broker's board or elsewhere, at such price
or prices and on such other terms as the Collateral Agent may deem commercially
reasonable. The Pledgors agree that, to the extent notice of sale shall be
required by law, at least ten (10) days' prior notice to any of the Pledgors of
the time and place of any public sale or the time of any private sale is to be
made shall constitute reasonable notification. The Collateral Agent shall not be
obligated to make any sale of Collateral regardless of notice of sale having
been given. The Collateral Agent may adjourn any public or private sale from
time to time by announcement at the time and place fixed therefor, and such sale
may, without further notice, be made at the time and place to which it was so
adjourned.
(b) Each Pledgor recognizes that it may be impracticable to effect
a public sale of all or any part of the Pledged Shares or any other securities
constituting Collateral and that the Collateral Agent may, therefore, determine
to make one or more private sales of any such securities to a restricted group
of purchasers who will be obligated to agree, among other things, to acquire
such securities for its own account, for investment and not with a view to the
distribution or resale thereof. Each Pledgor acknowledges that any such private
sale may be at prices and on terms less favorable to the seller than the prices
and other terms which might have been obtained at a public sale and,
notwithstanding the foregoing, agrees that such private sales shall be deemed to
have been made in a commercially reasonable manner and that the Collateral Agent
shall have no obligation to delay sale of any such securities for the period of
time necessary to permit the issuer of such securities to register such
securities for public sale under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"SECURITIES ACT"). Each Pledgor further acknowledges and agrees that any offer
to sell such securities which has been (i) publicly advertised on a bona fide
basis in a newspaper or other publication of general circulation in the
financial community of New York, New York (to the extent that such an offer may
be so advertised without prior registration under the Securities Act) or (ii)
made privately in the manner described above to not less than fifteen (15) bona
fide offerees shall be deemed to involve a "public disposition" for the purposes
of Section 9-610 of the Code (or any successor or similar, applicable statutory
provision) as then in effect in the State of New York, notwithstanding that such
sale may not constitute a "public offering" under the Securities Act, and that
the Collateral Agent may, in such event, bid for the purchase of such
securities.
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(c) Any cash held by the Collateral Agent as Collateral and all
cash proceeds received by the Collateral Agent in respect of any sale of,
collection from, or other realization upon, all or any part of the Collateral
shall be applied (after payment of any amounts payable to the Collateral Agent
pursuant to Section 10 hereof) by the Collateral Agent against, all or any part
of the Obligations in such order as the Collateral Agent shall elect consistent
with the provisions of the Purchase Agreements.
(d) In the event that the proceeds of any such sale, collection or
realization are insufficient to pay all amounts to which the Collateral Agent is
legally entitled, the Pledgors shall be jointly and severally liable for the
deficiency, together with interest thereon at the highest rate specified in the
Notes for interest on overdue principal thereof or such other rate as shall be
fixed by applicable law, together with the costs of collection and the
reasonable fees, costs and expenses of any attorneys employed by the Collateral
Agent to collect such deficiency.
SECTION 10. Indemnity and Expenses.
(a) Each of the Pledgors, jointly and severally, hereby agrees to
indemnify and hold the Collateral Agent (and all of its officers, directors,
employees, attorneys, and consultants) harmless from and against any and all
claims, damages, losses, liabilities, obligations, penalties, fees, costs and
expenses (including, without limitation, reasonable legal fees and disbursements
of counsel) to the extent that they arise out of or otherwise result from this
Agreement (including, without limitation, enforcement of this Agreement), except
such claims, losses or liabilities arising or resulting directly from such
Person's gross negligence or willful misconduct as determined by a court of
competent jurisdiction.
(b) Each Pledgor shall be jointly and severally obligated for, and
will upon demand pay to the Collateral Agent the reasonable amount of any and
all out-of-pocket costs and expenses, including the reasonable fees and
disbursements of the Collateral Agent's counsel and of any experts which the
Collateral Agent may incur in connection with (i) the preparation, negotiation,
execution, delivery, recordation, administration, amendment, waiver or other
modification or termination of this Agreement, (ii) the custody, preservation,
use or operation of, or the sale of, collection from, or other realization upon,
any Collateral, (iii) the exercise or enforcement of any of the rights of the
Collateral Agent hereunder, or (iv) the failure by any Pledgor to perform or
observe any of the provisions hereof.
SECTION 11. Notices, Etc. All notices and other communications provided
for hereunder shall be in writing and shall be mailed (by certified mail,
postage prepaid and return receipt requested), sent by Federal Express or other
recognized courier service (return receipt requested), telecopied or delivered,
if to any Pledgor, to it at the address specified for the Company in the
Purchase Agreements or if to the Collateral Agent, to it at the address
specified in each Purchase Agreement; or as to either such Person at such other
address as shall be designated by such Person in a written notice to such other
Person complying as to delivery with the terms of this Section 11. All such
notices and other communications shall be effective (i) if sent by certified
mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, when received or three (3)
Business Days after mailing, whichever first occurs, (ii) if telecopied, when
transmitted and confirmation is received, provided same is on a Business Day
and, if not, on the next Business Day or (iii) if delivered or sent by Federal
Express or other recognized courier service (return receipt requested), upon
delivery, provided same is on a Business Day and, if not, on the next Business
Day.
- 13 -
SECTION 12. Security Interest Absolute. All rights of the Collateral
Agent, all Liens and all obligations of each of the Pledgors hereunder shall be
absolute and unconditional irrespective of: (i) any lack of validity or
enforceability of the Purchase Agreements or any other Transaction Document,
(ii) any change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in any other term
in respect of, all or any of the Obligations, or any other amendment or waiver
of or consent to any departure from the Purchase Agreements or any other
Transaction Document, (iii) any exchange or release of, or non-perfection of any
Lien on any Collateral, or any release or amendment or waiver of or consent to
departure from any guaranty, for all or any of the Obligations, or (iv) any
other circumstance which might otherwise constitute a defense available to, or a
discharge of, any of the Pledgors in respect of the Obligations (other than the
Satisfaction in Full of the Obligations). All authorizations and agencies
contained herein with respect to any of the Collateral are irrevocable and
powers coupled with an interest.
SECTION 13. Miscellaneous.
(a) No amendment of any provision of this Agreement shall be
effective unless it is in writing and signed by each Pledgor and the Collateral
Agent, and no waiver of any provision of this Agreement, and no consent to any
departure by the Pledgors therefrom, shall be effective unless it is in writing
and signed by the Collateral Agent, and then such waiver or consent shall be
effective only in the specific instance and for the specific purpose for which
given.
(b) No failure on the part of the Collateral Agent to exercise,
and no delay in exercising, any right hereunder or under any other Transaction
Document shall operate as a waiver hereof or thereof; nor shall any single or
partial exercise of any such right preclude any other or further exercise hereof
or thereof or the exercise of any other right. The rights and remedies of the
Collateral Agent provided herein and in the other Transaction Documents are
cumulative and are in addition to, and not exclusive of, any rights or remedies
provided by law. The rights of the Collateral Agent under any Transaction
Document against any party thereto are not conditional or contingent on any
attempt by the Collateral Agent to exercise any of its rights under any other
Transaction Document against such party or against any other Person.
(c) Any provision of this Agreement which is prohibited or
unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective
to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the
remaining portions hereof or affecting the validity or enforceability of such
provision in any other jurisdiction.
(d) This Agreement shall create a continuing security interest in
and Lien on the Collateral and shall (i) remain in full force and effect until
the termination of this Agreement in accordance with Section 13(e) hereof and
(ii) be binding on the Pledgors and their respective successors and assigns and
shall inure, together with all rights and remedies of the Collateral Agent, to
the benefit of the Collateral Agent and its successors, transferees and assigns.
Without limiting the generality of clause (ii) of the immediately preceding
sentence, the Collateral Agent may assign or otherwise transfer its rights and
obligations under this Agreement and any other Transaction Document to any other
- 14 -
Person pursuant to the terms of the respective Transaction Document, and such
other Person shall thereupon become vested with all of the benefits in respect
thereof granted to the Collateral Agent herein or otherwise. Upon any such
assignment or transfer, all references in this Agreement to the Collateral Agent
shall mean the assignee of the Collateral Agent. None of the rights or
obligations of any of the Pledgors hereunder may be assigned or otherwise
transferred without the prior written consent of the Collateral Agent, and any
such assignment or transfer without such consent shall be null and void.
(e) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement,
(i) this Agreement (along with all powers of attorney granted hereunder) and the
security interests and Lien created hereby shall terminate and all rights to the
Collateral shall revert to the Pledgors upon the Satisfaction in Full of the
Obligations, and (ii) the Collateral Agent will, upon each Pledgor's request and
at each such Pledgor's expense, (A) return to such Pledgor such of the
Collateral (to the extent delivered to the Collateral Agent) as shall not have
been sold or otherwise disposed of or applied pursuant to the terms hereof, and
(B) execute and deliver to such Pledgor, without recourse, representation or
warranty, such documents as such Pledgor shall reasonably request to evidence
such termination.
(f) The internal laws, and not the laws of conflicts, of New York
shall govern the enforceability and validity of this Agreement, the construction
of its terms and the interpretation of the rights and duties of the parties,
except as required by mandatory provisions of law and except to the extent that
the validity and perfection or the perfection and the effect of perfection or
non-perfection of the security interest and Lien created hereby, or remedies
hereunder, in respect of any particular Collateral are governed by the law of a
jurisdiction other than the State of New York.
(g) Each party to this Agreement hereby irrevocably and
unconditionally submits, for itself and its property, to the exclusive
jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the Southern District of
New York sitting in Manhattan or the Commercial Division, Civil Branch of the
Supreme Court of the State of Yew York sitting in New York County in connection
with any suit, action or proceeding directly or indirectly arising out of, under
or in connection with this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents or the
transactions contemplated hereby or thereby. No party to this Agreement may move
to (i) transfer any such suit, action or proceeding brought in such New York
court or federal court to another jurisdiction, (ii) consolidate any such suit,
action or proceeding brought in such New York court or federal court with a
suit, action or proceeding in another jurisdiction or (iii) dismiss any such
suit, action or proceeding brought in such New York court or federal court for
the purpose of bringing the same in another jurisdiction. Each party to this
Agreement agrees that a final judgment in any such suit, action or proceeding
shall be conclusive and may be enforced in any other jurisdiction by suit on the
judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Each party to this Agreement
hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent it may
legally and effectively do so, any objection which it may now or hereafter have
to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or
relating to this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, in any New York
court sitting in the County of New York or any federal court sitting in the
Southern District of New York.
- 15 -
(h) Each party irrevocably consents to the service of process of
any of the aforesaid courts in any such action, suit or proceeding by the
mailing of copies thereof by registered or certified mail (or any substantially
similar form of mail), postage prepaid, to such Pledgor at its address provided
herein, such service to become effective when received or 10 days after such
mailing, whichever first occurs.
(i) Nothing contained herein shall affect the right of any party
Agent to serve process in any other manner permitted by law or commence legal
proceedings or otherwise proceed against any party or any property of any party
in any other jurisdiction.
(j) Each party irrevocably and unconditionally waives any right it
may have to claim or recover in any legal action, suit or proceeding referred to
in this Section any special, exemplary, punitive or consequential damages.
(k) EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT
PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT
OF ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF, UNDER
OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR OTHER TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS.
(l) The headings herein are for convenience only, do not
constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect
any of the provisions hereof. The language used in this Agreement will be deemed
to be the language chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no
rules of strict construction will be applied against any party.
(m) This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts
and by different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which shall be
deemed to be an original, but all of which taken together shall constitute one
and the same agreement.
(n) All of the obligations of the Pledgors hereunder are joint and
several. The Collateral Agent may, in its sole and absolute discretion, enforce
the provisions hereof against any of the Pledgors and shall not be required to
proceed against all Pledgors jointly or seek payment from the Pledgors ratably.
In addition, the Collateral Agent may, in its sole and absolute discretion,
select the Collateral of any one or more of the Pledgors for sale or application
to the Obligations, without regard to the ownership of such Collateral, and
shall not be required to make such selection ratably from the Collateral owned
by all of the Pledgors. The release or discharge of any Pledgor by the
Collateral Agent shall not release or discharge any other Pledgor from the
obligations of such Person hereunder.
- 16 -
(o) This Agreement constitutes an amendment and restatement of the
Original Pledge Agreement. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the
consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby are not intended by the
parties to be, and shall not constitute, a novation or an accord and
satisfaction of the Obligations or any other obligations owing to Collateral
Agent or the Buyers under the Original Pledge Agreement or any other Original
Secured Transaction Document. Each of the parties hereto hereby acknowledges and
agrees that the grant of the security interests in the Collateral pursuant to
this Agreement and in any other Transaction Document is not intended to, nor
shall it be construed, as constituting a release of any prior security interests
granted by any Pledgor in favor of Collateral Agent for the benefit of itself
and the Buyers in or to any Collateral or any other property of such Pledgor,
but is intended to constitute a restatement and reconfirmation of the prior
security interests granted by the Pledgors (as applicable) in favor of
Collateral Agent for the benefit of itself and the Buyers in and to the
Collateral and a grant of a new security interest in (i) any Collateral that was
not included in the grant of security interests by the Pledgors party to the
Original Pledge Agreement and (ii) any Collateral of any Pledgor party hereto
that was not a party to the Original Pledge Agreement, in each case, in favor of
Collateral Agent for the benefit of itself and the Buyers.
[Signature Page Follows]
- 17 -
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each Pledgor has caused this Agreement to be
executed and delivered by its officer thereunto duly authorized, as of the date
first above written.
RAPTOR NETWORKS TECHNOLOGY,
INC., a Colorado corporation
By: /s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
----------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Title: Chairman and CEO
Address:
Facsimile:
RAPTOR NETWORKS TECHNOLOGY
INC., a California corporation
By:/s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
----------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Title: Chairman and CEO
Address:
Facsimile
ACCEPTED BY:
CASTLERIGG MASTER INVESTMENTS LTD.
BY: XXXXXXX ASSET MANAGEMENT CORP.
By: /s/ Xxxxxxx X'Xxxxx
----------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx X'Xxxxx
Title: Chief Financial Officer
- 18 -
SCHEDULE I TO PLEDGE AGREEMENT
------------------------------
PLEDGED SHARES
--------------
Number of % of Issuer's Certificate
--------- ------------- -----------
Pledgor Name of Issuer Shares Issued Shares Class No.(s)
------- -------------- ------ ------------- ----- ------
- 19 -
ANNEX I
TO
PLEDGE AGREEMENT
----------------
PLEDGE AMENDMENT
----------------
This Pledge Amendment, dated as of _________, 20__, is delivered
pursuant to SECTION 4 of the Pledge Agreement referred to below. The undersigned
hereby agrees that this Pledge Amendment may be attached to the Pledge
Agreement, dated as of July ___, 2008, made by [Pledgor] and certain of its
affiliates in favor of CASTLERIGG MASTER INVESTMENTS LTD., as Collateral Agent
for the Buyers (the "COLLATERAL AGENT"), as it may heretofore have been or
hereafter may be amended or otherwise modified or supplemented from time to time
and that the promissory notes [and/or] shares or other equity interests listed
on this Pledge Amendment shall be hereby pledged and assigned to the Collateral
Agent and become part of the Collateral referred to in such Pledge Agreement and
shall secure all of the Obligations referred to in such Pledge Agreement.
PLEDGED SHARES
--------------
Number of Shares Certificate
---------------- -----------
Pledgor Name of Issuer or Other Equity Interests Class No.(s)
------- -------------- ------------------------- ----- ------
[PLEDGOR]
By:
-------------------------------
Name:
Title:
- 20 -
