Tables and Figures. Table 1. Characteristics of High School Students who had sexual intercourse, National XXXX 0000-0000 Had sexual intercourse, 2005-2011 No. % 95% CI Overall Sex of the subject 28,177 Female 13,614 47.9 47.1-48.7 Male 14,463 52.1 51.3-52.9 Missing 100 Grade of the subject 9th grade 4,749 19.8 18.9-20.6 10th grade 6,147 23.7 23.0-24.4 11th grade 7,944 26.8 26.1-27.5 12th grade 9,154 29.7 28.9-30.6 Missing 183 Race and ethnicity White 10,684 55.6 52.4-58.8 Black or African America 6,834 18.7 16.6-21.1 Hispanic 8,106 18.7 16.8-20.7 Other 2,085 6.9 5.9-8.1 Missing 468 Ever been tested for HIV Yes 5,706 21.9 21.0-22.8 No, not sure 18,801 78.1 77.2-79 Missing 3,670 Used condom at last sexual intercourse No 9,919 35.4 34.3-36.4 Yes 17,614 64.6 63.6-65.7 Missing 644 Had 4 or more sexual partners in life Yes 9,116 31.1 30.1-32.0 No 18,771 68.9 68.0-69.9 Missing 290 First sexual intercourse before 13 Yes 3,966 13.5 12.8-14.2 No 24,077 86.5 85.8-87.2 Missing 134 Ever forced to have intercourse Yes 3,856 14.1 13.4-14.8 No 24,156 85.9 85.2-86.6 Missing 165 Lifetime illegal injection drug use Yes 930 3.5 3.2-3.9 No 26,630 96.5 96.1-96.8 Missing 617 Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.
Tables and Figures. TABLE 1. Etiologic agents of fish-associated outbreaks, United States, 1998- 2008. Etiologic Agent No. (%) of No. (%) of No. (%) of No. (%) of Outbreaks Illnesses Hospitalizations Deaths Chemical Scombroid toxin 317 (57.6) 1,321 (43.3) 54 (28.0) 0 (0) Ciguatoxin 173 (31.5) 719 (23.6) 92 (47.7) 1 (50) Other chemical* 8 (1.5) 40 (1.3) 0 (0) 0 (0) Paralytic shellfish poison 5 (0.9) 30 (1.0) 4 (2.1) 0 (0) Other natural toxins 3 (0.6) 9 (0.3) 0 (0) 0 (0) Heavy metals 1 (0.2) 2 (0.1) 0 (0) 0 (0) SUBTOTAL 507 (92.2) 2121 (69.6) 150 (77.8) 1 (50) Bacteria Salmonella 11 (2.0) 331 (10.8) 14 (7.3) 0 (0) Clostridium botulinum 10 (1.8) 32 (1.0) 21 (10.9) 1 (50) Bacillus cereus 4 (0.7) 19 (0.6) 0 (0) 0 (0) Staphylococcus 5 (0.9) 12 (0.4) 0 (0) 0 (0) Shigella sonnei 2 (0.4) 55 (1.8) 6 (3.1) 0 (0) Campylobacter 1 (0.2) 3 (0.1) 0 (0) 0 (0) Vibrio 1 (0.2) 2 (0.1) 0 (0) 0 (0) Other bacterial 1 (0.2) 5 (0.2) 0 (0) 0 (0) SUBTOTAL 35 (6.4) 459 (15.0) 41 (21.3) 1 (50) Virus Norovirus 6 (1.1) 453 (14.8) 0 (0) 0 (0) Rotavirus 1 (0.2) 5 (0.2) 2 (1.0) 0 (0) SUBTOTAL 7 (1.3) 458 (15.0) 2 (1.0) 0 (0) Parasite Anisakidae 1 (0.2) 14 (0.5) 0 (0) 0 (0) SUBTOTAL 1 (0.2) 14 (0.5) 0 (0) 0 (0) TOTAL 550 (100) 3,052 (100) 193 (100) 2 (100) *Gempylotoxin (1/8) and unspecified chemical toxins (7/8) TABLE 2. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression modeling of etiologic agent and fish as predictors of severe illness in fish-associated outbreaks, United States, 1998- 2008. Odds of predictor resulting in severe illness Univariate Analysis Multivariate Logistic Regression Model* Predictor Crude OR 95% CI Adjusted OR 95% CI Etiologic Agent Other⌃ 1.0 Reference 1.0 Reference Scombroid toxin 1.0 0.6-1.5 1.0 0.6-1.5 Ciguatoxin 3.3 2.2-5.1 4.8 3.0-7.9 Salmonella 3.1 1.6-6.1 3.1 1.6-6.1 Clostridium botulinum 51.1 20.1-129.7 97.2 35.3-267.2 Fish Type Other° 1.0 Reference 1.0 Reference Barracuda 12.1 7.9-18.8 11.4 7.2-17.9 Grouper 3.1 1.9-5.1 2.9 1.8-4.9 *Model controls for setting ⌃Etiologic agents other than scombroid toxin, ciguatoxin, salmonella, and Clostridium botulinum °Fish types other than barracuda and grouper N = 2,222 observations OR = odds ratio CI = confidence interval TABLE 3. Outbreak state, etiology, setting and preparation by fish type, Xxxxxx Xxxxxx, 0000-0000. FISH TYPE Tuna Mahi Mahi Grouper Escolar Barracuda Xxxx Other* No. of Outbreaks (Total = 607) 199 78 49 39 30 27 185 No. of Illnesses (Total = 3,317) 837 270 197 321 159 166 1,367 No. of Hospitalizations (Total = 211) 32 7 2...
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Tables and Figures. Table 1. Current demographic, substance use and mental health characteristics of adult opioid users, by opioid use type—NSDUH 2013-2014 All opioids NMPO-only Heroin-only NMPO heroin co- NMPO- only vs Heroin- only vs N=4,496 N=4,076 N=133 use co-use co-use Wt% (SE) Wt% (SE) Wt% (SE) N=287 p-value p-value Wt% (SE) Sex Male 54.65 (1.15) 53.41 (1.21) 63.51 (5.67) 70.99 (3.15) <0.001 0.23 Female 45.35 (1.15) 46.59 (1.21) 36.49 (5.67) 29.01 (3.15) Age 18-25 30.12 (0.90) 29.93 (0.94) 27.97 (4.98) 34.12 (3.70) <0.001 <0.05 26-34 26.06 (1.15) 24.89 (1.16) 26.62 (5.29) 44.73 (4.40) 35-49 24.03 (0.98) 24.66 (1.04) 23.85 (5.33) 13.96 (3.04) 50+ 19.78 (1.33) 20.52 (1.38) 21.56 (5.56) 7.19 (2.57) Race/ethnicity Non-Hispanic White 66.30 (1.05) 65.42 (1.12) 67.67 (5.91) 79.96 (3.06) <0.01 0.19 Non-Hispanic Black 11.51 (0.80) 11.67 (0.84) 17.81 (5.02) 6.36 (2.25) Non-Hispanic other 6.16 (0.56) 6.42 (0.59) 3.46 (2.21) 3.20 (1.31) Hispanic 16.03 (0.89) 16.50 (0.94) 11.06 (4.03) 10.48 (2.21) Rurality Non-urban 14.81 (0.95) 15.34 (1.01) 9.33 (2.82) 8.41 (1.88) <0.01 0.77 Urban 85.19 (0.95) 84.66 (1.01) 90.67 (2.82) 91.59 (1.88) Education Less than HSa 17.65 (0.84) 17.32 (0.90) 15.34 (3.75) 24.03 (3.22) <0.001 0.44 HS graduate/ Some 61.63 (1.16) 60.79 (1.21) 76.92 (5.06) 68.82 (3.51) collegea College grad 20.72 (1.03) 21.89 (1.08) 7.73 (3.23) 7.15 (1.95) Employment status Full-time 50.91 (1.12) 52.19 (1.18) 39.02 (5.88) 35.15 (4.15) <0.001 0.06 Part-time 17.07 (0.84) 17.01 (0.88) 18.32 (4.38) 17.57 (3.48) Unemployed 9.83 (0.67) 9.19 (0.71) 8.30 (2.72) 20.90 (3.18) Not in labor force 22.18 (0.94) 21.61 (0.99) 34.36 (6.10) 26.38 (3.57) Marital status Married 31.23 (1.26) 33.00 (1.32) 8.74 (3.62) 11.87 (0.45) <0.001 0.79 Divorced/Sep/Widowed 15.99 (1.03) 16.04 (1.09) 15.88 (4.30) 15.20 (2.97) Never married 52.79 (0.90) 50.96 (0.94) 75.39 (4.36) 72.93 (2.96) Health insurance coverage Covered 75.46 (1.10) 76.52 (1.14) 65.51 (5.68) 62.34 (4.00) <0.01 0.67 Not covered 24.54 (1.10) 23.48 (1.14) 34.49 (5.68) 37.66 (4.00) Substance abuse and mental health Any tobacco use 65.24 (1.16) 62.80 (1.27) 88.62 (4.81) 94.84 (2.33) <0.001 0.26 Alcohol abuse 13.90 (0.88) 14.22 (0.93) 6.13 (2.57) 12.05 (2.56) 0.731 0.10 Major depressive episode 16.08 (0.92) 15.28 (0.91) 22.43 (4.81) 26.56 (3.54) <0.05 0.48 Psychological distress 29.70 (1.10) 27.99 (1.10) 32.45 (4.82) 56.19 (4.40) <0.001 <0.01 Illicit drug useb 42.68 (1.14) 39.14 (1.13) 68.43 (5.26) 89.15 (2.47) <0.001 <0.001 Illicit drug abuseb 3.29...
Tables and Figures. Forty-four cardiovascular clinical trials met selection criteria. Total spending of these trials between 1999 and 2012, as measured by the collective NIH grant funding received, was $496 billion, and was composed of 293 individual grants (Table 1). Average grant size was $1.7 million, with largest grants peaking at $10.7 million and smallest dipping to $7,460. On average, there were greater than six individual grants per clinical trial. Table 1. NIH Grant Details Total Grant Count 293 Total Grant Sum $496,382,697 Average Grant Amount (/293) $1,694,138 Min Grant Amount $7,460 Xxx Xxxxx Amount $10,731,771 In this sample, the NHLBI is a major contributor (65.89%) for NIH-funded cardiovascular trials, as is the NINDS, contributing 28.34%. The studies include funding sources ranging across 10 of the 27 NIH ICs, with over 94% of total funding originating from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). Table 2: NIH IC's Grant amounts Grant amount % NHLBI $327,065,091 65.89 NINDS $140,656,229 28.34 NCCAM $15,782,405 18 NCMHD $300,000 3.0.06 NIDDK $5,262,500 1.06 OD $2,278,615 0.46 NIA $2,052,401 0.41 NINR $2,055,145 0.41 NICHD $884,311 0.18 NCRR $46,000 0.01 Total $496,382,697 100.00 The frequency of studies included comprised a maximum of 11 (25%) studies per year in 2009, and a low of zero studies in 2001 (Table 3). In addition, Table 3 presents average duration of trials based on the year they were first received, total number of yearly patients, total yearly costs of all studies, and total spending per patient for each given year. Table 3: Year 1st Received Trial Freq. Avg Duration (months) Total # of Patients Total Cost of All Studies Total Spending/ Total Patients 1999 1 149 39876 $13,044,220 $327 2000 2 121.5 4569 $69,719,895 $15,259 2001 0 0 0 $0 $0 2002 3 112.33 4402 $55,545,266 $12,618 2003 2 84 3716 $79,120,115 $21,292 2004 2 69 1705 $27,705,783 $16,250 2005 4 77 723 $12,193,670 $16,865 2006 4 64 356 $7,589,896 $21,320 2007 5 52.6 1887 $65,919,358 $34,933 2008 4 55.5 697 $25,684,909 $36,851 2009 11 41.82 774 $70,366,386 $90,913 2010 1 34 360 $19,754,513 $54,874 2011 3 14.33 86 $46,388,335 $539,399 2012 2 22.5 31 $3,350,351 $108,076 Total 44 59182 $496,382,697 In the binary split between interventional trials addressing acute and non-acute conditions, those involving acute conditions account for 62% of the time, 57% of costs, 57% of the number of trials, and 89% of the pa...
Tables and Figures. Table 1. Descriptive statistics of baseline covariates stratified by detection method in two cohorts LEAD Cohort MER Cohort Clinical vs. SI Clinical vs. SI Gender Ethnicity Stage at diagnosis Grade at diagnosis ECOG FLIPI B- symptoms Age at (Col %) N Covariate Statistics Level clinical radio P- clinical radio P- N=35 N=18 value* N=63 N=50 value* N female 21 (60.00) 8 (44.44) 20 (31.75) 24 (48.00) (Col %) N (Col %) N (Col %) N (Col %) N (Col %) N (Col %) N (Col %) N (Col %) N (Col %) N (Col %) N (Col %) N (Col %) N (Col %) N diagnosis (95% CI) (35.35, 0. 453 (35.17, (36.39, 0.619 80.93) 79.61) 82.09) 82.99) (Col %) Mean 0.281 0.078 male 14 (40.00) 10 (55.56) 43 (68.25) 26 (52.00) white 24 (68.57) 14 (77.78) 0.539 61 (98.39) 47 (94.00) 0.323 other 11 (31.43) 4 (22.22) 1 (1.61) 3 (6.00) 1,2 7 (21.88) 2 (11.11) 0.459 8 (12.70) 9 (18.00) 0.434 3,4 25 (78.13) 16 (88.89) 55 (87.30) 41 (82.00) 1,2 29 (82.86) 14 (82.35) 1.000 54 (85.71) 43 (86.00) 0.965 3 6 (17.14) 3 (17.65) 9 (14.29) 7 (14.00) 0 8 (25.00) 7 (43.75) 0.186 36 (58.06) 36 (72.00) 0.126 ≥1 24 (75.00) 9 (56.25) 26 (41.94) 14 (28.00) low 6 (25.00) 1 (6.67) 15 (23.81) 12 (24.00) intermediate 6 (25.00) 6 (40.00) 0.308 24 (38.10) 16 (32.00) 0.767 high 12 (50.00) 8 (53.33) 24 (38.10) 22 (44.00) yes 13 (40.63) 1 (5.88) 0.018 10 (16.39) 7 (14.00) 0.728 no 19 (59.38) 16 (94.12) 51 (83.61) 43 (86.00) 54.20 57.48 58.63 59.69 (27.47, * The p-values were calculated by ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test for numerical covariates and chi-square test or Xxxxxx'x exact test for categorical covariates. Table 2. K-M survival probability estimates for three outcomes in LEAD cohort Median Group N Event Censored 98.5%) 71.5%) 55.5%) 3.6 94.4% 55.6% 22.2% 0 (0%) (1.8, (66.6%, (30.5%, (6.9%, 4.4) 99.2%) 74.8%) 42.9%) 35 Survival Time (95% CI)
Tables and Figures. Table 4.1 Characteristics of the sample and prevalence of polygyny, DHS surveys in sub-Saharan Africa 1999-2004 9 Table 4.2 Percent distribution of couples by spousal agreement on approval of family planning, DHS surveys in sub-Saharan Africa 1999-2004 10 Table 4.3 Percent distribution of couples by spousal agreement on discussion of family planning issues, DHS surveys in sub-Saharan Africa 1999-2004 11 Table 5.1.1 Percentage of couples in which both partners approve of family planning, by selected characteristics: West and Central Africa 14 Table 5.1.2 Percentage of couples in which both partners approve of family planning, by selected characteristics: Eastern and Southern Africa 15 Table 5.2.1 Percentage of couples in which both partners discussed family planning, by selected characteristics: West and Central Africa 17 Table 5.2.2 Percentage of couples in which both partners discussed family planning, by selected characteristics: Eastern and Southern Africa 18 Table 5.3.1 Percentage of wives who used any modern contraceptive method, by selected characteristics: West and Central Africa 20 Table 5.3.2 Percentage of wives who used any modern contraceptive method, by selected characteristics: Eastern and Southern Africa 21
Tables and Figures. Table 4: Study sample characteristics: means and proportions for demographic and anthropometric variables in South Asian adults attending screening for the D-CLIP study Variable N (%) or Mean (SD) (N= 1,281) Age (years) 44.31 (9.26) Gender Male 815 (63.62%) Female 466 (36.38%) Highest level of school Primary school or less 118 (9.24%) High school 365 (28.49%) Undergraduate Degree/Technical School 465 (36.30%) Post-graduate 329 (25.68%) Monthly income (Indian Rupees) < 10,000 326 (25.45%) 10,000-15,000 244 (19.05%) 15,001-25,000 206 (16.08%) 25,001-35,000 163 (12.72%) >35,000 203 (15.85%) Marital Status Single, never married 85 (6.64%) Married 1142 (89.15%) Divorced/Separated 35 (2.73%) Widowed 19 (1.48%) Weight in kilograms 73.33 (11.70) Body mass index in kg/m2 27.40 (3.75) Waist circumference in centimeters Male 97.06 (8.44) Females 88.55 (8.45) Table 5: Association of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with health beliefs and behaviors in South Asian adults attending screening for the D-CLIP study ± SD R* Weight loss self-efficacy Total Score 1280 (99.9) 117.78 ± 38.50 -0.10 < 0.001 -0.09 < 0.001 Negative Emotions Scale 24.41 ± 9.25 -0.05 0.06 -0.07 0.02 Availability Score 21.94 ± 9.52 -0.12 <0.0001 -0.10 < 0.001 Social Pressure Score 23.11 ± 8.79 -0.12 <0.0001 -0.10 < 0.001 Physical Discomfort Score 24.59 ± 8.79 -0.05 0.09 -0.06 0.03 Positive Activities Score 23.73 ± 9.30 -0.06 0.02 -0.06 0.03 Exercise Self-Efficacy Sticking to it 1260 (98.4) 3.37 ± 1.03 -0.02 0.57 0.07 0.01 Making Time 1262 (98.5) 3.74 ± 1.01 -0.02 0.50 0.07 0.01 BMI Means ± SD WC Means ± SD Fruit Consumption 0-2 days/week 418 (32.7) 27.71 ± 3.64 -0.07 0.01 94.74 ± 9.45 -0.06 0.02 3-5 days/week 661 (51.6) 27.36 ± 3.74 93.75 ± 9.22 6-7 days/week 200 (15.7) 26.84 ± 3.93 93.02 ± 9.71 Vegetable Consumption 0-2 days/week 36 (2.8) 27.49 ± 3.58 -0.06 0.03 95.38 ± 11.96 -0.08 0.01 3-5 days/week 469 (36.7) 27.71 ± 3.70 94.82 ± 9.26 6-7 days/week 772 (60.5) 27.20 ± 3.77 93.39 ± 9.27 Past Weight Loss Experience Have not attempted weight loss 505 (39.5) 26.45 ± 3.67 0.20 <0.0001 91.87 ± 9.46 0.17 < 0.0001 Lost weight and maintained some or all of loss 218 (17.0) 27.10 ± 3.56 93.30 ± 8.68 Lost weight but gained back some or all of loss 172 (13.5) 28.49 ± 3.48 97.52 ± 8.98 Weight cycling 118 (9.2) 28.94 ± 3.70 95.23 ± 8.96 Did not lose any weight 266 (20.8) 28.03 ± 3.72 95.50 ± 9.18 Average Weekly Exercise 0-29 minutes 668 (52.3) 27.47 ± 3.66 -0.04 0.16 93.23 ± 9.48 0.07 0.01 30-89 ...
Tables and Figures. Table 8: Baseline characteristics of D-CLIP study participants (N=599) Variable Standard of Care N = 304 Intervention N = 295 N (%) or Mean ± SD* Age (years) 43.80 ± 9.33 44.48 ± 9.05 20-35 years 61 (20.1%) 50 (17.0%) 36-50 years 169 (55.6%) 166 (56.3%) 51-65 years 74 (24.3%) 79 (26.8%) Gender –percent male 194 (63.8%) 188 (63.7%) Education Level Primary School or Less 28 (9.2%) 22 (7.5%) High School 85 (28.1%) 94 (31.9%) Undergraduate/Technical Degree 111 (36.6%) 102 (34.6%) Postgraduate 79 (26.1%) 77 (26.1%) Household Income: <10,000 rupees/month 72 (25.6%) 81 (30.5%) 10,000-15,000 rupees/month 57 (20.3%) 63 (23.7%) 15,001-25,000 rupees/month 60 (21.4%) 40 (15.0%) >25.000 rupees/month 92 (32.7%) 82 (30.8%) Mean Waist Circumference (cm) 94.88 ± 8.60 94.63 ± 9.50 Mean Weight (kg) 74.72 ± 11.28 74.53 ± 11.34 Mean BMI (kg/m2) 27.77 ± 3.64 27.92 ± 3.71 Overweight Categories Normal BMI 18 (5.9%) 16 (5.4%) Overweight BMI 139 (45.7%) 134 (45.4%) Obese BMI 147 (48.4%) 145 (49.2%) Glucose Intolerance Level** Isolated IFG 87 (28.6%) 93 (31.5%) Isolated IGT 88 (29.0%) 86 (29.2%) IGT+IFG 129 (42.4%) 116 (39.3%) * There is no significant difference between standard of care and intervention participants for any variables. ** The following people with glucose levels outside of the pre-diabetes range were included: in the isolated IFG group, six individuals with fasting plasma glucose of 126 mg/dl were included; in the isolated IGT group, one individual with a 2-hour plasma glucose of 139 mg/dl and two individuals with 2-hour plasma glucose of 200 mg/dl were included; and in the IGT+IFG group, one individual with a fasting plasma glucose of 127 mg/dl and fourteen individuals with 2-hour plasma glucose of 201-205 mg/dl were included.
Tables and Figures. Figure 2.1. Acculturation Conceptual Framework Figure 2.2 Literature Review Eligibility Flowchart
