Public Health Implications Sample Clauses

Public Health Implications. This is in keeping with the following priority health outcomes of the City’s Public Health Plan 2020-2025: Increased mental health and wellbeing

Public Health Implications. Maternal health services access and availability is a significant global, regional, and local public health issue. In many resource-poor countries like Kenya, provision of services for to women’s health remains a challenge that needs to be addressed by stakeholders, particularly those within the Kenyan health and health policy sector. Many studies like (Xxxxxxxxx, M., Xxxxxxxx, V.R., Xxxxx, X.X. xx al., 2020) and (Xxxxx et al., 2010) described the undeniable need to address maternal health services in Kenya. These articles also highlighted the structural determinants which continues to influence the state of maternal health service accessibility for pregnant women in Kenya. Therefore, this thesis focused on investigating whether access to certain services was associated with their place of residence. This thesis, which relied heavily on the Demographic and Health Survey completed in Kenya in 2014, highlighted the trends associated with the three mentioned dependent variables with the predictor variable ‘place of residence’ for women residing in Nairobi and Eastern Kenya who were pregnant five years before the completion of the survey. The results show the influence of women’s place of residence on the level of service accessible to them during pregnancy. It further showed how other social determinants like levels of education, birth order, and marital status can further dictate how much of these maternal health services are attainable for women in Nairobi and Eastern Kenya. Based on these findings, it is undeniable to ignore how maternal health services access can vary regionally and how this may impact pregnancy outcomes for women in more remote areas. Therefore, it is imperative for policy makers and stakeholders to firstly collaborate on, evaluate, and monitor the health impact of this scenario to understand how to create the best approach that is going to serve women in rural/remote communities. These interventions ought to be cost-effective for the policy makers and made to be affordable for the community. The goal of this initiative should consider the Kenya SDG goal to reduce maternal mortality rates and incorporate maternal health recommendations from the WHO on the appropriate number of certain services women are required to receive to help meet the Kenya SDG goal. Furthermore, this initiative should also consider and address the current and ongoing inequitable health gap, including social determinants directly tied to poor health outcomes, to all...

Public Health Implications. Our findings will help partnering NGO and future practitioners to strengthen their intervention strategies and marketing plans, by mending their messages toward community members’ priorities and adjusting existing schemes to correct for shortcomings. The following paragraphs identify repeating themes that pertain to stakeholders. Findings indicate that health benefits are not the sole or the most important drivers for sanitation uptake. Practitioners must incorporate messages on privacy, distance/convenience, security and comfort, while diffusing latrine promotion. Current campaigns can be adjusted to put more emphasis on the factors presented in our study. Construction was frequently mentioned by the respondents. The process is difficult to initiate not only because of financial constraint, but people do not know how to properly dig the pit, which tools to use or where to get the materials. In addition to providing seminars on WASH behaviors, partners should consider devising a training module for hands-on construction work. Interviewees were also constrained by competing priorities that they found little time to dedicate to building latrines. It must be noted that due to past NGO effort, almost every intervention village has a standing water committee that is supposed to liaise organizations with villagers and assume leadership in water management. According to interviewees, however, the water committees “don’t do much.” Partners may seek to mobilize the existing leaders, such as the committees or religious heads, to organize a construction team, and carefully divide and share the efforts of increasing sanitation coverage for the whole village while ensuring every family’s livelihood. Supply dependency was observed in our study area and in other developing countries. Partners must revisit their current intervention methods to ensure a long-term sustainability. Guidance should be provided on community self-organization and self- help microfinance (such as rotating savings or solidarity lending, if applicable). Perceived danger for latrines, especially disintegration due to harsh weather or poor construction quality, was repeatedly stated in our interviews. This fearful perception has a discouraging effect on non-adopters and causes additional mental stress on users as well. Practitioners and other stakeholders should be alarmed that this is partly due to a general lack of technical knowledge – when people who have seen latrines want to make one for themse...

Public Health Implications. The findings from this systematic review can inform interventions that aim to combat stigma around reproductive health services, status, and experiences. As a result, more individuals will seek and have access to quality, patient-centered reproductive health care if effective interventions of this type were developed and implemented. Furthermore, addressing the role that moral values play in the decisions of healthcare providers and how those values contribute to reproductive stigma can also inform future stigma reduction programs and help patients feel more comfortable with their reproductive health care decisions. Finally, this research addresses the religious, cultural, and moral norms that drive and facilitate stigmatized attitudes towards reproductive health. As suggested by the Health Stigma and Discrimination Framework (Xxxxxx et al., 2019), challenging stigma on the driver and facilitator level can prevent manifestations of stigma on the institutional level, such as preventing policies and laws restricting and criminalizing access to reproductive health services.

Public Health Implications. 1. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the currently available diagnostic tools with the goal of identifying a way to detect onchocerciasis cases with greater specificity for the elimination program surveillance. This study provides robust estimates of sensitivity and specificity for two diagnostic tests— Ov16 and Ov33—and demonstrates that these estimates are much higher compared with sensitivity and specificity calculated using a 2x2 contingency table with parasitologic results as truth. Our results demonstrate that serologic tests are much better at identifying patent infections than parasitologic methods would suggest given that there were significantly fewer false positives than the 2x2 calculation predicted. This is valuable for programs monitoring their progress towards elimination. 2. Our results provide evidence for the potential use of Ov33 as confirmatory test. The availability of a second diagnostic serologic test could simplify confirmatory testing of individuals that have positive Ov16 results by allowing for a faster, less invasive alternative to the skin biopsies. Endemic countries in Sub-Saharan Africa that are in the monitoring and evaluation phase of their elimination programs need diagnostic methods that are sufficiently specific to meet the WHO threshold for elimination of transmission of onchocerciasis in humans. 3. The use of LCA in this analysis has highlighted some of the significant limitations of this statistical methodology. Future analyses using LCA to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of tests in the absence of a gold standard should be wary of drawing conclusions that the methodology is not robust enough to support.

Public Health Implications. The Sustainable Development Goal 3.3 proposes to reduce the incidence of malaria. To contribute to the reduction, malaria vaccine candidates, such as RTS,S/AS01, are being tested. This analysis adds to conclusions about the safety of the vaccine: the lack of significant association between study arm and any of the health outcomes indicates that the vaccine did not significantly increase the rate of such outcomes. Thus, researchers can conclude that the vaccine does not pose safety concerns with regard to the outcomes studied, but further research is necessary to generalize these findings.

Public Health Implications. This study contributes to the growing body of literature about SRH and women with SMI. Participants answered questions on their level of participation and perceptions of providing SRH care to women living with SMI. Answers to these questions will help to provide context to SRH care in mental health outpatient settings. • Getting psychiatrists involved in SRH may encourage a reduction in stigma surrounding discussions of sex and participation in STI screening. One participant described some of the residents she supervised did not ask patients key SRH questions and that she believed they were uncomfortable discussing sex with patients. In addition, she noted that differences in training via residency programs may contribute to the provisions of SRH care by residents because they may have more experiences with women with SMI because they have completed specific rotations. • This study sheds light on the critical role attending psychiatrist can play on training the resident psychiatrist to provide and connect patients with critical SRH services. The findings show that psychiatrists benefit from attendings modeling behavior, providing evidence for training attendings to include SRH services in their practice. • This research may increase the attention paid to SRH services for women with SMI. The findings indicate that psychiatrists feel a general discomfort with discussing sex with their female patients. Given that women with SMI are less likely to receive critical preventive services, are more likely to suffer from sexually transmitted infections, and mental health care often functions as the main point of access to the health care system, psychiatrists should be better equipped to handle the SRH needs of their patients. These findings shed light on this gap in care. • This research may contribute to a “cultural shift” amongst medical professionals in understanding the importance of SRH care. Several psychiatrists did not feel responsible for the SRH care of their patients, and believe that other subspecialties should provide that care. However, research shows that mental health providers may be the only point of access for patients with SMI (Xx Xxxx, Xxxxx, et al., 2011). • Findings from this study can inform future trainings for medical students, residents, and the content for continuing medical education courses by defining gaps in knowledge and understanding some psychiatrists’ perceptions of SRH care. Several participants reported concerns over inadequate...

Public Health Implications. Results from this study indicate an association between family, thoughts of the future, academics, and pressure with mental health wellness. Results also showed that factors such as stigma in the community and family, a busy schedule, lack of information, and finances act as barriers to accessing mental health services and supports. AshaUSA’s current programming includes having a few meetings a year to discuss mental health wellness in the community that are geared towards adults, an annual film festival that shows movies with the message that “mental health matters”, and a one time workshop geared towards opening communication between adults and their children regarding mental health wellness (AshaUSA, 2016). Recommendations for improved public health practices and policies expand upon AshaUSA’s current programming. Policies and programs targeting mental health wellness through raising awareness and destigmatizing mental health in the community, incorporating culture and language, creating awareness about resources in the community, and creating resources and awareness on how to deal with pressure are essential to improving students’ mental health wellness in Minnesota. Recommendations fall under the broader branches of education, social marketing and media engagement, community engagement, social leadership, and advocacy and support.

Public Health Implications. Close to 27 million children are born in India every year, about 50 every minute. [39] Work focused on early childhood development and school readiness will positively impact the lives of many, if not all, of these children. This paper shows the importance of both maternal and child access to health services in impacting school readiness of children. The ICDS system plays an active role in the health of both the mother and child and yet, the results here show that not all the services provided by ICDS are contributing to improved school readiness. This should change. The community health services through ICDS should be carefully evaluated and changed based on results so all services are in some capacity improving health, whether it is through ECD and school readiness or in another capacity. It is not only the education and development of the child that prepares them for formal schooling. The first 6-8 years of a child’s life are impacted by what stimulates the child but also by the mother’s health and access to community health services. India has an incredibly promising future, but it will only be achieved if everything is done to keep our caregivers and children healthy. To reach this goal, the health, education, public, and private sectors must all be mobilized. This paper focused on public and government services that can contribute to improved ECE and school readiness, but it is critical to engage all stakeholders, caregivers, community health workers, government sectors, the private sector and NGOs, if we hope to meet our millennium development goals in India and help increase the number of children in who are able to develop to their full potential. Appendix 1: Tables Demographic Characteristic Categories N(%) Table 3: School Readiness Score Averages and Ranges School Readiness Score Type Mean (SD) Minimum Maximum Type of Service Categories N (%) Table 5: Association of Health Services Access with School Readiness among 5 year olds in Chhattisgarh (N=1248) Components of Services Score (Independent Variable) Crude Model with School Readiness (Dependent Variable) Adjusted Model Total School Readiness Score Adaptive Behavior Score Total School Readiness Score Adaptive Behavior Score Table 6: Association of Service Access with Literacy Score among 5 year olds in Chhattisgarh (N=1248) Components of Services Score (Independent Variable) Crude Model with School Readiness (Dependent Variable) Adjusted Model Literacy Activity Score Literacy Activity Score Ta...