Proposed Scheme. The proposed scheme involves mainly two entities (the smart meter (SM) and the NAN gateway). Before describing TABLE I Symbols and descriptions current time stamp of SM. In order to provide the message integrity, the SM computes Y 1 = MACL1[SMIDj , T 1, ASMj ]. It generates a pseudo number (φ) and computes α = H(NID φ) idSTj T 1, and finally, sends a message, start α, Q1, ASMj , Y 1, φ, T 1 to the NAN. { } || ⊕ || Symbols Descriptions NID Neighborhood Area Network (NAN) identity XXXX Smart meter identity ST , idST Secret token and its identity EK [ms] Encrypt ms using key (K) DK [ms] Decrypt ms using key (K) p, n Large prime numbers Fq A finite field E Elliptic curve defined on finite field Fq with prime order n G Group of elliptic curve points on E P A point on elliptic curve E with order n H(.) One-way hash function (e.g., SHA-1, SHA-2, MD5, etc.) MAC, || Message authentication code, and concatenation operation φ, φN SM’s and XXX’s pseudo random numbers, respectively
Proposed Scheme. This section is dedicated to present the proposed scheme, which is based on hyperelliptic curve (HEC) and utilizes the one-way cryptographic hash function. The proposed approach is composed of following four steps i.e., Setup, Drones Registration, Drones Access Control Process and New Drone Addition Phase. Each of the steps is explained as follows.
Proposed Scheme. The Proposed Scheme will consist of conversion of the main house into approximately xxx apartments, as well as approximately xxx new build units within the grounds. Approximately xx% of the new build scheme will be apartments. Legal Costs: Each party to be responsible for their own legal costs incurred in the transaction. VAT: Payable at the prevailing rate if applicable.
Proposed Scheme. The SGRS protocol suite consists of four underlying protocols: the join, leave, merge and partition protocols. All of these protocols share a joint framework with the following prominent features: Each group member contributes to maintaining its state vector to preserve the characteristics of a group as defined in Section II-A. Upon the addition or removal of members, all members update the previous keying material based upon the updates shared by the sponsor node. Each member can participate and/or start instances of secure subgroup communication, where ⊆ . Upon each membership event, all members independently update the state vector and compute all possible keys on demand. SGRS protocols are highly distributed; all participating members equally participate in a protocol run except for the sponsor member, which performs a few additional operations.
Proposed Scheme. In this section, we describe our scheme with the following process: system initialization, the deniable group key negotiation of RSU, the authentication between RSU and Vehicles, the negotiation and update of the group key between RSU and Vehicles, the communication among the group. The notations used throughout the paper are listed in Table 1.
Proposed Scheme. In this paper, the proposed ID-based key agreement scheme is constructed of three phases: (1) the Setup Phase, (2) the Key Agreement Phase, and (3) the Retrieving Phase. Besides, there are three roles in the proposed scheme. CA is responsible for the generation of parameters, data owner is one of the group members who would like to send data, and the data owner can determine the other group members who can receive data as the receivers. In the setup phase, CA generates the knowledge for key agreement phase, such as group member’s public/private key pair, and the parameters of bilinear pairing. The broadcast process happens in the second phase. The data owner computes a session key and encrypts the data by this session key, and encrypts the session key by his/her private key, then the data owner computes a signature for the encrypted data and the session key, hence receivers can verify the integrity of data in next phase. In the retrieving phase, receivers decrypt the session key by their private key, and verify the integrity of the encrypted data and session key. After the verification is done, receivers decrypt the encrypted data by session key. The flowchart of the proposed scheme is shown in Figure 1.
Proposed Scheme. In this section, we present the proposed anonymous au- thenticated key agreement scheme for secure communication in smart grid systems. The proposed scheme consists of two phases: setup phase and authentication phase.
Proposed Scheme. The proposed scheme consists of three main phases.
Proposed Scheme. This section proposes a robust authentication and key agreement scheme for cloud-IoT applications. Table 1 lists notation employed in our scheme. Table 1. Notations
Proposed Scheme. This section proposes an improvement of Xxxxx-Xxxx’x scheme so that they can withstand the above mentioned problems. The proposed scheme consists of three phases: the registration, the login and key agreement, and the password change. Figure 2 shows the proposed remote mutual authentication and key agreement scheme. It works as follows.
