Dopamine Depletion and Xxxxxxxxx’x Disease pathophysiology Sample Clauses

Dopamine Depletion and Xxxxxxxxx’x Disease pathophysiology. The dopaminergic innervation of striatum is lost during Xxxxxxxxx’x disease (PD) leading to a lack of modulation of the direct and indirect pathways (Fig. 1.2). Without the presence of dopamine the indirect striatum-GPe pathway is no longer inhibited and exhibits increased activity, while the direct striatum-GPi/SNr connection displays a decrease in firing rate. The increased inhibition of GPe by striatal projection neurons causes a disinhibition of the STN and thereby increases the neuronal activity of STN. The hyperactivity in STN could be alleviated by group III mGluR agonists or potentiators and thus providing another potential target for group III mGluR therapy. The changes in activity of direct and indirect pathways sum up to an increased activity of GPi/SNr, leading to increased basal ganglia output to the thalamus and excessive inhibition of thalamocortical neurons.
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