Benefits for the Environment. The exemption of the copper plating process at this IBM facility reduces the amount of de- fined hazardous waste generated by the facil- ity. This, in turn, results in a reduction of the amount of waste to be transported and placed in RCRA-regulated hazardous waste landfills. • Implementation of the copper metallization process results in reduced greenhouse gas emissions. The use of PFCs, which are green- house gases, as chamber cleaning agents in the manufacturing process is minimized in the copper metallization process. • The new copper metallization process is 30 to 40 percent more energy efficient than alumi- num vapor chemical deposition. The new tech- nique produces semiconductor chips that are 25 percent more energy efficient. • IBM is voluntarily channeling its cost savings from the reclassification of the sludge as non- hazardous to supplement an additional volun- tary effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from its other chamber cleaning operations.
Benefits for the Environment. The PEMS model, once fully developed, will be able to forecast and prevent air emission exceedances before they occur at the Androscoggin Mill plant. • The ability to predict emissions from a com- plex, saturated stack on a continuous basis is significant to IP and other facilities. There has been very limited application of PEMS for complex stacks with high moisture content. This project will help demonstrate if this tech- nology can be transferred to complex boilers, kilns, and incinerators. The goal is to have PEMS-generated information used by opera- tors to decrease emissions while maximizing production. 110 Project Status and Results Benefits for Stakeholders • IP has been active in engaging stakeholders from the local community and non-governmen- tal organizations. Most noteworthy is IP’s in- volvement with the Town of Xxx High School, which is encouraging students to be interested in science and environmental technologies with this project. The IP project manager has given presentations to the Xxx High School Science Club regarding the project, and in turn a student presented information on the project to the Androscoggin Watershed Council. The students have also had the opportunity to ob- serve work conducted during the testing at the mill. Benefits for the Project Sponsor • Currently under the Clean Air Act, IP is re- quired to conduct continuous emissions moni- toring (CEM) for applicable pollutants. This project will provide IP with flexibility to re- move the CEM requirement for SO2 and NOx. If the PEMS implementation is successful, it will provide continuous monitoring for all of the WFI pollutants, thereby eliminating the need for CEM. • If PEMS proves to be successful, IP can imple- ment PEMS to monitor SO2, NOx, and PM and replace the requirement to stack test for PM emissions every two years. The testing re- quired by IP would then be an annual test of the PEMS.
Benefits for the Environment. In 1997, the company reported that the effort to develop easier-to-follow work instructions had led to continuous improvement in envi- ronmental performance by reducing incidences of minor environmental violations. • The elimination of the 88-acre spray field re- moved an odor problem. • Treated industrial wastewater produced by the facility was reused to irrigate a 1,400-acre sec- tion of citrus xxxxxx.
Benefits for the Environment. The USPS conversion to E-85 vehicles will result in significantly lower emissions. Net emissions reduction over a 20-year life cycle is estimated to be 432 tons of CO, 24 tons of hydrocarbons, and 10 tons of nitrogen oxides. • The increased visibility of E-85 vehicles con centrated in the Denver region may increase market demand for alternatively fueled ve hicles.
Benefits for the Environment. The use of CNG-powered vehicles in place of gasoline-powered vehicles will contribute to re- duced CO, NOx, non-methane organic gases, particulate matter, and CO2 emissions for Elmendorf. Vehicles will be tested before and after conversion to ensure that emissions are reduced. • Elmendorf AFB has implemented a base-wide switch-over to high solids/low volatile organic compound paints where technically feasible. These paints have significantly lower levels of HAC solvents, such as toluene, xylene, and methyl ethyl ketone. • Elmendorf AFB has purchased an automatic paint gun washer that recycles cleaning sol- vents otherwise released to the atmosphere. • Elmendorf AFB has also purchased 12 new high-volume/low-pressure spray guns to reduce the amount of paint required per unit of cover- age. Benefits for the Stakeholders • The use of CNG-powered vehicles at Elmendorf AFB will demonstrate to the gen- eral public that this level of technology is achievable and beneficial. • Regular meetings of the Restoration Advisory Board inform community members of pollu- tion prevention activities resulting from this project. XxXx¬➢ v v6 tfro¿➢ct Statzs aud {➢szLts Benefits for the Project Sponsor • Reduced administrative and regulatory costs associated with the management of Elmendorf AFB’s Title V permit are resulting in the imple- mentation of pollution prevention activities across the base. • Elmendorf AFB is able to leverage the con- struction of a CNG fueling station on base for the acquisition of additional new CNG-capable vehicles.
Benefits for the Environment. Emissions of the ozone precursor, NOx, have been reduced by retrofitting or replacing those boilers with the highest potential for emission reductions. • Emissions of the ozone precursors, VOCs, have been reduced by zero-VOC paint and coating substitution, paint booth consolidation, and construction of a wastewater reclamation system adjacent to a satellite launch facility. • Reduction of ozone precursor emissions may help to prevent Santa Xxxxxxx County from being reclassified as an ozone nonattainment area.
Benefits for the Environment. HADCO may reduce mobile source air emis- sions associated with waste disposal. • HADCO has improved its pollution prevention efforts by voluntarily installing a sludge dryer in its Derry, New Hampshire, facility, which reduced the quantity of electroplating sludge shipped offsite by 16,000 pounds. • HADCO will use 100 percent of the cost sav- ings to reclaim non-RCRA regulated copper dusts. Benefits for Stakeholders • Stakeholders are able to gain more knowledge about the PWB industry and facility operations. Benefits for the Project Sponsor • HADCO has experienced cost savings from reducing the number of sludge shipments due to the sludge dryer’s implementation and use. • HADCO expects to see cost savings associ- ated with sending the sludge directly to a recy- cler instead of an intermediate processor. The XL project will reduce HADCO’s Toxic Re- lease Inventory off-site releases by recycling much of its copper dust wastes, which were formerly sent to a landfill. Issues Needing Resolution • HADCO must improve communications with its stakeholders by providing them with infor- mation on the sludge tests and analyses. • Although the delisting process has been del- egated to the regions, regional staff will con- tinue to need the expertise of Headquarters delisting staff during the implementation of the HADCO project. • Putting contracts in place between HADCO and appropriate metal smelters is taking longer, and is more complex, than anticipated. Waste processors and metal smelters seem to be part of a horizontally integrated market, leading to delays in HADCO obtaining the new contracts necessary to implement the project. XxXx¬➢ v 9& tfro¿➢ct Statzs aud {➢szLts Lessons Learned • Data collection has taken more time than an- ticipated. • Clear project goals outlined in a preproposal phase will provide for a smoother negotiation process and shorten the time spent on devel- oping the FPA. • Clear lines of communication and a decision- making process should be established early on in the negotiations and should be understood and accepted by all project participants. • Stakeholder outreach and education should be as extensive as possible to attract stakehold- ers and ensure their continued participation. • The project structure should have been planned in more detail to ensure that complete interac- tion was achieved between all parties. Since the project involves multiple jurisdictions—two states, two EPA regions, and EPA Headquar- ters—some participants felt as...
Benefits for the Environment. The conversion to natural gas has reduced to- tal criteria air pollutant emissions for the pow- erhouse by approximately 1,300 tons per year. The conversion has also virtually eliminated lead emissions and reduced the emissions of the hazardous air pollutants, hydrogen chlo- ride, and hydrogen fluoride. • The facility-wide cap will limit total emissions of criteria air pollutants to levels 20 percent below baseline levels, SO2 emissions to levels 25 percent below baseline levels, NOx emis- sions to levels 10 percent below baseline lev- 138 els, and particulate matter to levels approximately equal to baseline levels. These caps became effective on November 9, 2000, when Merck notified VADEQ that its emis- sions had been reduced below the caps. The first 12 months of operation after the conver- sion to natural gas resulted in an 87 percent reduction of total criteria emissions. • A comprehensive monitoring, record keeping, and reporting program will increase in strin- gency as actual criteria pollutant emissions ap- proach the cap. This provides an incentive for Merck to minimize air emissions. • This XL project has the potential to improve air quality and visibility in the Shenandoah National Park and vegetation damage in the park should be lessened by reducing SO2 and NOx air emissions. • Merck will assess the air quality impacts in Shenandoah National Park if VOC emissions reach specified levels.
Benefits for the Environment. It is estimated that 3 to 7 tons of emissions reductions per day of VOCs may be realized under this project. Because 40 percent of the emissions capacity allowed under the CAA will be retired after reductions in actual emis sions are achieved, this project may result in an estimated 1.2 to 2.8 tons of VOC reduction per day. • On October 1, 2000, the City of Chicago banned all small incinerators from burning Project Status and Results waste and ordered they cease operation by January 1, 2001. Twenty-seven small incin erators were closed in the city and resulted in the following emissions reductions: 0.015 tons per day of VOCs; 0.022 tons per day of NOx;
Benefits for the Environment. The city expects declines in subbasin pollut ants by 10 to 20 percent. There should be a reduction in mass and concentration of influ ent, effluent, and biosolids. • Pollutant releases at a majority of businesses will be expected to decline where pollution prevention promotion has been addressed. • The project should result in overall water con servation by industrial users. • Stormwater runoff quality improvements will be expected as more businesses implement stormwater pollution prevention plans. Benefits for Stakeholders • Increased public awareness of the importance of pollution prevention will be a tangible re xxxx of increased promotion and education ef forts. Benefits for the Project Sponsor • The city will be able to shift limited resources from certain less productive requirements, such as monitoring industries that have excellent or very good records of compliance, to more pro- active pollution reduction strategies, such as focusing on sewer system subbasins at key manholes to learn if it is possible to identify where in the city certain pollutants predomi nate.
