Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures. The term ‘‘Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures’’ means the agree- ment referred to in section 3511(d)(12) of this title.
Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures. (SCM Agreement)
Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures. 3.1 Except as provided in the Agreement on Agriculture, the following subsidies, within the meaning of Article 1, shall be prohibited: [...] (c) subsidies referred to in Article I of Annex VIII. [...] 9This expression is not meant to allow countermeasures that are disproportionate in light of the fact that the subsidies dealt with under these provisions are prohibited. It is recognized that in a case of violation of the prohibition in Article 3.1(c) and Article I of Xxxxx XXXX, countermeasures may take the form of suspension of access of fishing or service vessels to port facilities for landing, transhipping or processing fish. 10This expression is not meant to allow countermeasures that are disproportionate in light of the fact that the subsidies dealt with under these provisions are prohibited. It is recognized that in a case of violation of the prohibition in Article 3.1(c) and Article I of Xxxxx XXXX, countermeasures may take the form of suspension of access of fishing or service vessels to port facilities for landing, transhipping or processing fish. [...] ANNEX VIII I.1 Except as provided for in Articles II and III, or in the exceptional case of natural disaster relief77, the following subsidies within the meaning of paragraph 1 With regard to the scope of the prohibition in general, some delegations consider that the Chairman's text is far too ambitious, while for other delegations the text falls considerably short of their expectations. Certain delegations view the list of proposed prohibitions as far too broad. In their view, it encompasses certain types of subsidies that do not directly contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, in particular where the subsidising Member has sound fisheries management measures in place. Concerns expressed in this regard include that in the view of some delegations even certain environmentally-beneficial subsidies that either help to reduce, or have no impact on, capacity would be covered by the prohibition. Some delegations consider that even subsidies to vessel construction and repair can be allowed under certain conditions that would prevent the development of overcapacity. Other delegations continue to prefer a top-down (broad ban) approach, rather than the bottom-up approach in the draft text, but have indicated that they can accept the latter approach so long as the ultimate scope of the prohibition is sufficiently broad. In this regard, some of these delegations consider that the scope of the proposed proh...
Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures. 2. No Party shall use a methodology based on surrogate value of a third country or region for the purpose of determining normal value when calculating dumping margin in an anti-dumping investigation.
Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures. Article 1
Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures. 1995. dasarnya, terdapat satu lagi kategori subsidi, yaitu subsidi yang tidak dapat dikenakan tindakan (non actionable subsidies). Hal tersebut diatur dalam Bagian IV SCM, namun ketentuan ini telah berakhir xxx menjadi tidak berlaku dikarenakan tidak adanya negara anggota yang menyetujui perpanjangan. Subsidi kategori prohibited subsidies adalah memberikan daftar bentuk subsidi produk ekspor yang dilarang yang bersifat non exhaustive. Sedangkan dalam actionable subsidies tidak harus terhadap subsidi produk ekspor atau subsidi produk substitusi impor. Melainkan negara anggota dapat melakukan komplain terhadap setiap jenis subsidi sebagaimana ditentukan dalam ketentuan Pasal 1 ayat (1) SCM sepanjang yang bersangkutan dapat membuktikan adanya dampak kerugian ekonomi.17 Dengan begitu dapat disimpulkan apabila prohibited subsidies jelas dilarang karena berkaitan dengan subsidi dari pemerintah untuk perusahaan atau industri tertentu dalam hal subsidi produk ekspor atau subsidi produk substitusi impor. Sedangkan dalam actionable subsidies dapat dilarang apabila para pihak dapat membuktikan adanya kerugian ekonomi yang ditimbulkan akibatnya. Dengan adanya produk bersubsidi, negara yang dirugikan dapat menempuh dua tindakan yaitu: menetapkan bea perimbangan (countervailing duty) terhadap produk bersubsidi tersebut dengan lebih dahulu melakukan inisiasi investigasi sendiri sebagaimana diatur dalam Bagian V SCM. Xxx juga dapat menggunakan mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa WTO untuk memaksa negara pelanggar menyesuaikan perilaku kebijakannya sesuai dengan nilai-nilai WTO sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 4 xxx Pasal 7 SCM.18 Kebijakan Pengembangan Biodiesel Berbasis Minyak Sawit (CPO) di Indonesia Pengembangan biodiesel di Indonesia di dorong oleh Kebijakan Mandatori Biodiesel melalui Peraturan Menteri ESDM No. 32 Tahun 2008 tentang penyediaan, pemanfaatan, xxx tata niaga bahan bakar nabati sebagai bahan bakar lain. Industri biodiesel sebagai sumber energi terbarukan semakin berkembang disebabkan oleh semakin meningkatnya kebutuhan Indonesia terhadap sumber energi sementara sumber energi dari minyak bumi ketersediaannya semakin menipis. Indonesia mengembangkan industry biodiesel berbahan baku minyak kelapa sawit karena komoditas kelapa sawit memiliki potensi terbesar untuk xx xxxx menjadi biodiesel di Indonesia. Potensi tanaman kelapa sakit cukup tinggi dengan produktivitas 3,6 – 4 ton/xx xxx didukung oleh luas lahan yang jauh 17 Tri Harnowo, Loc. Cit. 18 Ibid. dibandingka...
