HABURANA:

URUKIKO RWISUMBUYE RWA RUSIZI RURI I RUSIZI KU KICARO CYARWO RUHABURANISHIRIZA IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO, RUCIYE URUBANZA RC0199/15/TGI/RSZ MU RUHAME NONE KUWA 21/04/2016 MU BURYO BUKURIKIRA;

HABURANA:

UREGA: NIYIKIZA Janvier, mwene NDABARUZI Vincent na ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ 1984, utuye mu mudugudu wa CYUNYU, mu Kagari ka BURUNGA, Umurenge wa GIHUNDWE, Akarere ka RUSIZI, Intara y‟Iburengerazuba, ID1198480071346038. Ahagarariwe na Me ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Tel. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇/▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, e-mail: ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇@▇▇▇▇▇.▇▇▇;

UREGWA: RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY mu izina ry‟Umuyobozi wayo;

IKIREGERWA:

- Amafaranga angana na Miliyoni umunani n‟ibihumbi ▇▇▇▇▇▇ arindwi na makumyabiri na kimwe n‟amafaranga ijana (8.721.100FRWS);

- Indishyi zingana na miliyoni ebyiri (2.000.000frws)

- Amafaranga y‟ikurikiranarubanza n‟igihembo cya Avocat angana na 3.200.000frw;

I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA

[1] Me ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ uhagarariye NIYIKIZA Janvier avuga ko kuwa 02/12/2014 yagiranye amasezerano na RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY ya fourniture de matériel de bureau, muri ayo masezerano hagenwamo ibikoresho azabaha ibyo aribyo ndetse n‟amafaranga azishyurwa, anahabwa ukwezi kumwe ko kuba yamaze kugezaho ibyo bikoresho ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ azamwishyura mu gihe cy‟iminsi 30 kuva bashyikirijwe ibyo bikoresho, ngo akaba yarubahirije inshingano ze ashyikiriza iyo Kaminuza ibikoresho nk‟uko babyumvikanye ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ahubwo ahabwa chècque itazigamiwe, bityo akaba asaba Urukiko kwemeza ko RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY yishyura NIYIKIZA Janvier umwenda w‟amafaranga angana na 8.721.100FRWS y‟agaciro k‟ibikoresho imurimo, ikamuha indishyi z‟akababaro za 2.000.000frw, ikamwishyura igihembo cya Avocat cya 3.000.000frw n‟amafaranga 200.000frw y‟ikurikirarubanza;

[2] ME ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY mu mwanzuro we no munama ntegurarubanza yo13/01/2016 yireguraga avuga ko ku bijyanye n‟amasezerano yo kuwa 02/12/2014 n‟ubwishyu bwayo byatangiwe ibirego by‟inshinjabyaha n‟impande zombi akaba nta mwanzuro urabifatwaho, ▇▇▇ yavugaga ko basanga hari inzitizi ishingiye ku ihame ry‟amategeko ivuga ko le pénal tient le civil en état bityo akaba asaba ko iki kirego cyaba kiretse kuburanishwa kigategereza iki nshinjabyaha, ariko mw‟iburanisha ry‟urubanza avuga ko iyo nzitizi ntayo bagifite kuko habayeho gushyingura dosiye burundu byabaye kuwa 17/11/2015; yakomeje avuga ko ayo masezerano avugwa atayemera kuko atigeze akorwa n‟urwego rubifitiye ububasha ariwe Représantant légal w‟ishuri, kandi nta bikoresho yakiriye, ndetse na chècque itazigamiwe yatanzwe uyu muyobozi wakoze amasezerano yaramaze kwirukanwa, bityo bakaba basaba Urukiko kwemeza ko ikirego cya Niyikiza Janvier nta shingiro gifite no

kumutegeka guha RIU indishyi zingana na 3.200.000frw y‟ikurikirana rubanza n‟igihembo cya Avocat;

❖ Muri uru rubanza harasuzumwa niba hari amasezerano afite agaciro NIYIKIZA Janvier yagiranye na RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY kuwa 02/12/2014 yerekeranye no kugemura ibikoresho (fourniture de matériel de bureau) atarubahirijwe n’uregwa; hakanasuzumwa niba RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY yategekwa kwishyura indishyi z’amafaranga y’ibikoresho yahawe angana na 8.721.100FRWS, indishyi z’akababaro, iz’igihembo cya Avocat n’ikurikiranarubanza;

II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA

⮚ Kumenya niba hari amasezerano afite agaciro NIYIKIZA Janvier yagiranye na RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY kuwa 02/12/2014 yerekeranye no kugemura ibikoresho (fourniture de matériel de bureau) atarubahirijwe n’uregwa;

[3] Me ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ uhagarariye NIYIKIZA Janvier avuga ko kuwa 02/12/2014 NIYIKIZA Janvier yagiranye amasezerano na RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY ya fourniture de matériel de bureau, muri ayo masezerano hagenwamo ibikoresho azabaha ibyo aribyo ndetse n‟amafranga azishyurwa, anahabwa ukwezi kumwe ko kuba yamaze kugezayo ibyo bikoresho ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ bazamwishyura mu gihe cy‟iminsi 30 kuva bashyikirijwe ibyo bikoresho, nk‟▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ mu ngingo ya 1, 6,9,10-11 z‟ayo masezerano;

[4] Akomeza avuga ko kuwa 22/12/2014 NIYIKIZA Janvier yashyikirije ibikoresho RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY nk‟▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ kuri goods deliverance N°004/12/014 na goods deliverance N°005/12/014 ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ahubwo igitangaje akaba ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ kuwa 17/02/2015 uregwa ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ yo muri Banki ya Kigali ya 8,721,100frw nyamara yagera kuri Banki ya Kigali agatungurwa no gusanga itazigamiwe; ngo akaba yarakomeje kwinginga ubuyobozi bwa RIU kugirango bumwishyure ariko bakomeza kwinangira akaba ariyo mpamvu yiyambaje urukiko kugirango rumurengenure rutegeke uregwa kumwishyura;

[5] Kuba bavuga ko uwakoze amasezerano atabifitiye ububasha ngo sibyo kuko amasezerano yakozwe n‟umukozi wa kaminuza kandi n‟ibyo bikoresho yarabyakiriye ndetse ni nabyo bikoreshwa n‟ubu n‟ishuri, ngo akaba abona utakoresha ibivugwa mu masezerano ngo uhindukire wange ayo masezerano cyane ko n‟umuyobozi bemera yasinye kuri sheki itazigamiwe. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ hishyurwa amafranga akomoka kuri ayo masezerano ngo ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ayo masezerano ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ n‟ibikoresho babibonye;

[6] ME ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY avuga ko uregwa atemera ayo masezerano kuko atigeze akorwa n‟urwego rubifitiye ububasha ariwe Représantant légal w‟ishuri nk‟uko biteganywa n‟ingingo ya 27 y‟amategeko agenga ishuli akaba atariwe washyize umukono kuri ayo masezerano kandi yari yateguwe mu izina rye nk‟uko bigaragara mu gika cya mbere cy‟ayo masezerano; ngo RIU ifite uyihagarariye bityo akaba ariwe ugomba kwemeza ayo masezerano, ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ akaba yaragombaga kugaragaza ▇▇▇ uwamusinyiye akomora ububasha bwo guhagararira ▇▇▇▇▇ ikigo; ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ibyo bikoresho bikaba bitarakiriwe kuko ntaho

bigaragara; ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ bavuga ikaba yari yararegewe kuri polisi bikozwe na ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ dosiye yarashyinguwe bakaba bagombye gukora citation directe, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ iyo usuzumye ibyanditse inyuma kuri sheki batanze handitseho ngo signature non conforme, bivuga ko abasinye badahura n‟abasignateur, ngo byose bikaba byarakozwe amaze kwirukanwa;

[7] ME ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ mu mwanzuro we akomeza avuga ko umuyobozi wa Kaminuza yamenye ko ayo masezerano yabayeho kuwa 20/04/2015 nyuma y‟iminsi itatu NSENGAMUNGU ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ wasinye kuri ayo masezerano yirukanywe, akaba yari ahamagawe na Banki ya Kigali bamubwira ko hari sheki yagaragaye kuri guichets za Banki iriho signatures ebyiri ariko imwe itemewe muri système yayo, ngo bakaba baribajije ukuntu Kaminuza yatanze iyi sheki mu kwezi kwa kabiri ikaba ije kwishyuza mu kwezi kwa ▇▇▇▇ yarirukanywe mu ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ mu gihe ari nta mafaranga ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ konti, babajije Nyaminani Xavier wari Comptable uko bimeze amwereka inyandiko ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ umwenda Kaminuza ifitiye uwitwa Niyikiza Janvier uhwanye na 8.721.100frw, ngo uturuka ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ muri Kaminuza kuwa 16/01/2015;

[8] ME ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ avuga ko na none umuyobozi wa Kaminuza yitegereje iyo nyandiko asanga atayizi cyane ko nta n‟isoko ryigeze ritangwa ngo habeho ipiganwa nk‟uko amategeko agenga amasoko mu bigo by‟uburezi abiteganya, nta notification uyu Niyikiza Janvier yigeze ahabwa y‟uko yatsindiye isoko yaba provisoire cyangwa definitive, nta bon de livraison cyangwa se accusé de reception y‟ibyo ▇▇▇▇▇ yigeze ahabwa ▇▇▇ bimenyekane ko yagemuye ibyo bikoresho, ngo ushinzwe logistique akaba atarigeze yakira ibyo bikoresho;

[9] Me ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ asobanura ko kandi ikindi kigaragara kuri iyo nyandiko ikubiyemo ayo masezerano ni uko yateguwe mw‟izina ry‟umuyobozi wa Kaminuza ariwe ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇, nyamara uwashyizeho umukono ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ NSENGAMUNGU ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ atanerekana ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ yashyizeho umukono mu buryo bwa PO (uretse ko ngo atemerewe kumusimbura ahari kuko ntaho yari yagiye, kandi yaba adahari uwemerewe kumusimbura nk‟uko bigenda muri za Kaminuza zose ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ wemejwe na Higher Education ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇), ▇▇▇ byumvikana ko ayo masezerano atigeze ashyirwaho umukono n‟inzego zibifitiye ububasha bityo akaba nta n‟agaciro afite;

[10] Me ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ko usesenguye iyo contrat mpimbano yanditsemo ko kwishyura bizakorwa ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ Janvier yerekanye Bon de livraison ngo akaba yakwibaza impamvu ntayo yigeze yerekana mbere yo kwishyurwa, ngo banavuga ko hagombaga kuba reception provisoire, iyi akaba itarigeze ibaho kuko ushinzwe Stock ari we ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ atigeze amenyeshwa iby‟iyi livraison bavuga; na none ngo iyo witegereje clause ya munani (remise et etat des lieux) usangamo gukuraho ibisigazwa by‟ibikoresho by‟ubwubatsi bizakorwa mu gihe kitarenze iminsi 10 uhereye kw‟itariki habereyeho Proces Verbal provisoire kandi igihe bidakozwe ▇▇▇▇▇ inzu azabyikorera

bikazishyurwa uwubatse, aha ▇▇▇ akaba yakwibaza niba ibyo ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ na Janvier bavuga byakozwe muri Kaminuza ari ubwubatsi cyangwa se ari igemura ry‟ibikoresho by‟amashuri, ngo ibi bigaragaza ko biherereye bagahimba amasezerano bagamije kwiba RIU;

[11] Me ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ avuga ko ngo ibyo bakoze binyuranije n‟ibiteganywa n‟ingingo ya 13 y‟Itegeko rigenga amasezerano, ngo bakaba basanga aya masezerano agomba guteshwa agaciro hashingiwe ku kugaragaza ibintu uko bitari, kandi mu buryo budahuje n‟ukuri nk‟uko biteganywa n‟ingingo ya 50 y‟itegeko rigenga amasezerano; akomeza avuga ko hashingiwe ku biteganywa mu ngingo ya 4 y‟Itegeko no 45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano iteganya ibisabwa by‟ibanze mu ikorwa ry‟amasezerano muri byo ivuga harimo ubushobozi bwo gukora amasezerano, ngo amasezerano aherwaho yakozwe n‟udafite ubushobozi. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ya 7 ikavuga ko “aucune partie ne peut être liée par un contrat si elle n’a pas la capacité juridique de contracter”;

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA:

[12] Urukiko rusanga ingingo ya 3 al. 1 y‟Itegeko no 15/2004 ryo kuwa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n‟itangwa ryabyo iteganya ko buri muburanyi agomba kugaragaza ukuri kw‟ibyo aburana; ingingo ya 14 y‟iri tegeko ivuga ko “Inyandikobwite ni urwandiko rufite umukono w’umwe cyangwa wa benshi mu barwanditse cyangwa se, hakabaho ibikumwe byabo. Amasezerano arukubiyemo ▇▇▇▇▇ inshingano abayagiranye gusa”;

[13] Urukiko rusanga kandi ingingo ya 64 y‟Itegeko n°45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, ku bijyanye n‟abarebwa n‟amasezerano iteganya ko “amasezerano akozwe ku buryo bukurikije amategeko aba itegeko ku bayagiranye, ashobora guseswa ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ babyumvikanyeho cyangwa ku mpamvu zemewe n'amategeko. Agomba kubahirizwa nta buriganya”;

[14] ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ku bivugwa muri izi ngingo, rusanga nk‟uko Me ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ uhagarariye NIYIKIZA Janvier abivuga hari inyandiko ikubiyemo amasezerano NIYIKIZA Janvier yagiranye na RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY kuwa 02/12/2014 yerekeranye no kugemura ibikoresho byo mubiro (contrat de fourniture de matériels de bureau), byose bifite agaciro ka 8,721,100frw, bakaba bari bumvikanye ukwezi kumwe ko kuba yamaze kubagezaho ibyo bikoresho ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ bazamwishyura mu gihe cy‟iminsi 30 kuva bashyikirijwe ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, rusanga aya masezerano yarashyizweho umukono hagati y‟abayagiranye aribo Janvier NIYIKIZA na ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, akaba Vice ▇▇▇▇▇▇ of Administration and Finance, ndetse hakaba hariho na cachet ya RIU;

[15] Urukiko rusanga kandi kuwa 22/12/2014 NIYIKIZA Janvier yarashyikirije ibyo bikoresho RIU byakirwa na ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ nk‟uko bigaragazwa n‟inyandiko yakozwe uwo munsi Goods delivrance notice no 004/12/014 na no 005/12/014 ibyo bikoresho bikaba byari ibyari byumvikanywe mu masezerano harimo armoire en verre 3 imwe ifite agaciro ka 250,000frw zose hamwe akaba 750,000frw, office table exectuve 1 ya 480,000frw; office table standard 3 imwe ifite agaciro ka 350,000frw zose bikaba 1,050,000frw; writing Board with stand 90*120CM imwe ifite agaciro ka 52,600frw; Tea table 110*60*43 imwe ifite agaciro ka 170,000frw; chairs exective eshatu imwe ifite agaciro ka 280,000frw zose hamwe akaba 840,000frw; chairs

standard 6 imwe ifite agaciro ka 165,000frw zose hamwe akaba 990,000frw; writing board with standard 2M*3M 3 imwe ifite agaciro ka 95,500 zose hamwe akaba 286,500frw; fire extinguisher ya 10kg eshanu imwe ifite agaciro ka 70,000frw, transport ff imwe 220,000frw; installation ff imwe ifite agaciro ka 100,000frw; tables en bois pour la biblioteque Lab (en planche de cipre, greveria ou euchariptus) 200CM*80CM*75CM icumi imwe igura 60,000frw zose hamwe akaba 600,000frw; tables en bois pour computer Lab (en planche de cipre, greveria ou euchariptus) 200CM*60CM*75CM umunani imwe igura 140,000frw zose hamwe akaba 1,120,000frw; chaises en bois pour la biblioteque Lab (en planche de cipre, greveria ou euchariptus) 200CM*42CM*30CM icumi imweigura 45000frw zose hamwe akaba 450,000frw; chaise modernes (en planche de cipre, greveria ou euchariptus) standard 34 imwe igura 18,000frw zose hamwe akaba 612,000frw; tables du maitre (en planche de cipre, greveria ou euchariptus) standard 10 imwe igura 25,000frw zose hamwe akaba 250,000frw; étagère avec tiroire (en planche de cipre, greveria ou euchariptus) 100CM*200CM*35CM enye imwe igura 100,000frw zose hamwe akaba 400,000frw; byose hamwe bikaba bifite agaciro ka 8.721.100frw;

[16] Urukiko rusanga rero n‟ubwo ME ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY avuga ko uregwa atemera ayo masezerano kuko atigeze akorwa n‟urwego rubifitiye ububasha ariwe umuyobozi wa Kaminuza ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇ uwashyizeho umukono ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ NSENGAMUNGU ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ atanerekana ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ yawushyizeho mu buryo bwa PO (uretse ko ngo atemerewe kumusimbura kuko uwemerewe kumusimbura nk‟uko bigenda muri za Kaminuza ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ VRAC ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ kuko ariwe wenyine wemejwe na Higher Education ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇) ▇▇▇ basanga ayo masezerano nta gaciro afite; rusanga nta shingiro bifite kuko ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ wayashyizeho umukono yari umukozi wa RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY akaba yari Vice ▇▇▇▇▇▇ of Administration and Finance, ndetse kuri ayo masezerano hagaragaraho na cachet ya RIU byumvikana ko icyo kigo aricyo cyakoze ayo masezerano, kuba rero bavuga umuyobozi wa Kaminuza ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ atariwe washyizeho umukono no kuba ngo uwawushyizeho atari aamuhagarariye ngo n‟ubwo atemerewe kumuhagararira rusanga, bitatuma ayo masezerano ateshwa agaciro kuko uwayashyizeho umukono yigaragazaga nk‟uhagarariye Kaminuza kuburyo uwo bayakoranye atashoboraga kumenya niba atariwe ushinzwe guhagararira icyo kigo;

[17] Urukiko rusanga n‟ibyo bavuga ko NIYIKIZA Janvier yagombaga kugaragaza ▇▇▇ uwashyize umukono ku masezerano akomora ububasha nabyo nta shingiro bifite kuko nta kigaragaza ko we nk‟uwagombaga kugemura ibikoresho yari asanzwe azi imokerere ya RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY ku buryo yari kumenya umuyobozi ushinzwe cyangwa uwemerewe guhagararira RIU mu kugirana amasezerano n‟abandi bantu, mu gihe bigaragara ko uwashyashyizeho umunoko ku musezerano yagaragazaga ko ariwe ushinzwe guhagararira icyo kigo, binagaragazwa no kuba yarayashyizeho umukono ndetse agashyiraho na cachet y‟ikigo, byongeye akanishyurwa hakoreshejwe chèque y‟ikigo yasinyweho n‟umuyobozi wa Kaminuza ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ndetse n‟uwo ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ NSENGAMUNGU wari uhagarariye Kaminuza mu masezerano, ibi byerekana ko amasezerano yari yemewe;

[18] Urukiko rurasanga ibyo bihuje kandi n‟ibisobanuro by‟abahanga mu mategeko bitwa ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ na ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ mu gitabo cyabo (▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ et ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇, Droit de la Responsabilité, Dalloz Action, 1998, Paris, p. 544.), banditse bagira

bati: “▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ apparent suppose la croyance légitime du tiers dans l’existence du mandat, qui suppose elle-même que les circonstances le dispensaient de vérifier les pouvoirs du pseudo mandataire…“. La totalité des effets de la convention conclue par le mandataire apparent doivent être exécutés par le prétendu mandant. Ibyo bisobanuye ko mu bihe bisa nk‟▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ uwabiherewe ubutumwa (ububasha) (mandat apparent), undi muntu (un tiers) ashobora kwibwira ko uwo bagiye kugirana amasezerano yabiherewe ubutumwa (ububasha), ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ iyi myumvire ye ishobora gutuma uyu muntu (un tiers) atagenzura ububasha bw‟uriya, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ amasezerano akozwe muri ubwo buryo agomba gushyirwa mu bikorwa uko yakabaye n‟usa n‟uwatanze bene ubwo butumwa (mandant);

[19] Urukiko rusanga kandi ibyo Me ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ avuga ko cheke Niyikiza Janvier yahawe kuwa 17/02/2015 yaregewe dosiye igashyingurwa, ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ kuri chèque handitsweho ko signature non conforme bivuga ko abasinye badahura n‟abashinzwe gusinya ngo ibyo byose yabikoze Nsengamungu amaze kwirukanwa, nta shingiro bifite kuko kuba banki yarasanze chèque itazigamiwe bidakuraho ko amasezerano yagiranye na Kaminuza yabayeho agatangira no gushyirwa mu bikorwa; rusanga kandi n‟ubwo basanze imikono yari kuri chèque idahura biterwa n‟uko uyu wayasinye ahagarariye Kaminza yari yaraje kwirukanwa kuwa 17/04/2015 ku bw‟imicungire mibi y‟umutungo wa Kaminuza, kandi uhagarariye Kaminuza akaba ntaho yahera avuga ko batemeye kwishyura ibikoresho kuko umuyobozi mukuru wa Kaminuza nawe ubwe yemeye gusinya kuri iyo sheki byumvikana ko yari azi neza ko barimo bishyura ibyo bikoresho kandi ibyo avuga ko yari yarasinye cheki mbere iza gukoreshwa na Nsengamungu ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ nabyo bitashoboka kuko niba avuga ko yabikoze yaramaze kwirukanwa ntaho ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ yakuye chèque ya Kaminuza, byongeye mu mwanzuro we anivugira ko umuyobozi akimara kumenya iby‟▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ wari Comptable uko bimeze akaba yaramweretse inyandiko ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ umwenda Kaminuza ifitiye Niyikiza Janvier uhwanye na 8.721.100frw uturuka ku ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ yagemuye muri Kaminuza kuwa 16/01/2015, byumvikana neza ko aya masezerano n‟ibijyanye n‟ishyirwa mu bikorwa byayo bitahimbwe nyuma yo kwirukanwa wa Nsengamungu ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇;

[20] Urukiko rusanga kandi n‟ubwo ME ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ko Kaminuza itemera ayo masezerano bashingiye ku buryo yakozwemo harimo kuba nta soko ryigeze ritangwa ngo habeho ipiganwa nk‟uko amategeko agenga amasoko mu bigo by‟uburezi abiteganya, nta notification uyu Niyikiza Janvier yigeze ahabwa y‟uko yatsindiye isoko yaba provisoire cyangwa definitive, nta bon de livraison cyangwa se accusé de reception y‟ibyo bintu yigeze ahabwa ngo bimenyekane ko yagemuye ibyo bikoresho, ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Stock ari we ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ amenyeshwa iby‟iyi livraison bavuga; rusanga nabyo nta shingiro byahabwa kuko hari inyandiko zigaragaza ko ayo masezerano yabayeho kandi hakaba n‟inyandiko zo kuwa 22/12/2014 zigaragaza ko ibyo bikoresho byakiriwe ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ umukono na ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇ rero haba hari amakosa yakozwe mw‟ikorwa ry‟amasezerano bikaba bitatuma amasezerano ateshwa agaciro kuko Kaminuza ariyo yaba yarabaye nyirabayazana, byongeye kuba avuga ko ibikoresho bitakiriwe n‟umukozi ushinzwe ibikoresho bikaba bitatuma RIU ihakana ko ntabyo ifite;

[21] Ku bijyanye n‟ibivugwa mu masezerano bitakozwe ▇▇▇ Me ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ko bavugaga kwishyura bizakorwa ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ Janvier yerekanye Bon de livraison ngo akaba yakwibaza impamvu ntayo yigeze yerekana mbere yo kwishyurwa, ngo banavuga ko hagombaga kuba reception provisoire, iyi akaba itarigeze ibaho, na none ngo bakavugamo gukuraho ibisigazwa by‟ibikoresho by‟ubwubatsi bizakorwa bakibaza niba ibyo bavuga byakozwe muri Kaminuza ari ubwubatsi cyangwa se ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ry‟ibikoresho by‟amashuri, ngo ibi bigaragaza ko biherereye bagahimba amasezerano bagamije kwiba RIU; nyamara rusanga nabyo nta shingiro byahabwa kuko nk‟uko byavuzwe ibikoresho byakiriwe na Kaminuza, byongeye kuba mu ngingo ya 8 y‟amasezeno bavugamo ibijyanye no gukuraho ibisigazwa by‟ibikoresho by‟ubwubatsi bizakorwa, rusanga ibi ataribyo byatuma amasezerano afatwa nk‟atarakozwe cyangwa nk‟ayahimbwe kuko rusanga impande zombi zarayashyizeho umukono zemera ibiyakubiyemo, kuba haba hari ingingo zanditswe nabi akaba aribo babigezemo uruhare, akaba nta ruhande rwabyitwaza ngo ruvuge ko amasezerano nta gaciro afite cyangwa se ari amahimbano;

[22] Urukiko rusanga ku bijyanye n‟ibisabwa na Me ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ RIU basaba ko urukiko rwatesha agaciro ayo masezerano kuko ibyakoze binyuranije n‟ibiteganywa n‟ingingo ya 13 y‟Itegeko rigenga amasezerano, ngo bakaba basanga aya masezerano agomba guteshwa agaciro hashingiwe ku kugaragaza ibintu uko bitari, kandi mu buryo budahuje n‟ukuri nk‟uko biteganywa n‟ingingo ya 50 y‟itegeko riganga amasezerano; nabyo nta shingiro bifite kuko ingingo ya 13 y‟Itegeko no 45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano ryakurikizwaga igihe yakorwaga iteganya ko ibikubiye mu masezerano biba byumvikana bihagije iyo ingingo zibigaragaza zishobora guherwaho kugira ngo hamenywe ko amasezerano atubahirijwe ndetse niba hari indishyi zikwiye zatangwa. Ihamagarira gukora amasezerano ntiryemerwa iyo ibikubiye mu masezerano ateganyijwe bitumvikana neza cyangwa ▇▇ ▇▇▇ bibe byagaragazwa n’imyitwarire y’impande zigirana amasezerano. Rusanga amasezerano yakozwe nta kintu kidasobanutse kirimo abasha kugaragaza, bibyo avuga ko agomba guteshwa agaciro hashingiwe ku kugaragaza ibintu uko bitari nabyo nta shingiro bifite kuko ibikubiye muri aya masezerano ari inshingano abayagiranye biyemereye ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ukuri;

[23] Urukiko rusanga na none ibyo avuga ko hashingiwe ku biteganywa mu ngingo ya 4 y‟Itegeko no 45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano iteganya ibisabwa by‟ibanze mu ikorwa ry‟amasezerano muri byo harimo ubushobozi bwo gukora amasezerano, ngo amasezerano aherwaho yakozwe n‟udafite ubushobozi. Ingingo ya 7 ikavuga ko “aucune partie ne peut être liée par un contrat si elle n’a pas la capacité juridique de contracter; rusanga nta shingiro bifite kuko yaba ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ yaba na RIU bose bafite ubushobozi bwo kugirana amasezerano, bityo aya masezerano yakozwe hagati ya ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ na RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY akaba agomba kugumana agaciro kayo;

⮚ Kumenya niba RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY yategekwa kwishyura indishyi z’amafaranga y’ibikoresho yahawe angana na 8.721.100FRWS, indishyi z’akababaro, iz’igihembo cya Avocat n’ikurikiranarubanza;

[24] Me ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ uhagarariye NIYIKIZA Janvier avuga ko RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY yategekwa kumwishyura umwenda wose imubereyemo ungana na 8.721.100FRWS, avuga ko ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ko iryo shuri ryanze kwishyura ku

neza byatumye yitabaza Avoka ku girango amuburanire, atanga amafaranga yo gukurikirana urubanza harimo ayishyuwe umuhesha w‟inkiko, amagarama y‟urubanza n‟ingendo zinyuranye akaba asaba ko yahabwa indishyi zingana n‟ibihumbi ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ (200.000FRW) z‟ikurikiranarubanza, na miliyoni ebyiri (2.000.000frw) y‟indishyi z‟akababaro kuko atishyuriwe igihe amafaranga ye, na miliyoni eshatu (3.000.000frw) y‟indishyi z‟igihembo cy‟avoka hashingiwe ku ku ngingo ya 64, 86, 135 ali 1, 136 al.1, 137al.2, 138 al.2 y‟itegeko N°45/2011 yo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, n‟ingingo ya 258 CCLIII;

[25] Me ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ kwemeza ko ikirego cya Niyikiza Janvier nta shingiro gifite no kumutegeka guha RIU indishyi zingana na 3.200.000frw y‟indishyi z‟ikurikiranarubanza n‟igihembo cya Avocat;

[26] Urukiko rusanga ingingo ya 80 igika cya kabiri y‟itegeko no 45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano iteganya ko iyo igihe cyo gukora ibisabwa mu masezerano kigeze, kutabikora bifatwa nko kwica amasezerano. Naho ingingo ya 81 y‟iryo tegeko rimaze kuvugwa iteganya ko kwica amasezerano yose bitanga uburenganzira ku ndishyi z‟akababaro zishingiye ku nshingano zo gukora igisabwa zitararangira;

[27] ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ku bivugwa muri izi ingingo rusanga nk‟uko Me ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ uhagarariye NIYIKIZA Janvier abivuga kuba RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY itarashyize mu bikorwa amasezerano bagiranye ngo imwishyure amafaranga y‟ibikoresho yabagemuriye mu gihe bari bumvikanye, ari ibigaragaza ko yishe ayo masezerano, rukaba rusanga n‟ubwo Me ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ kwemeza ko ikirego cya Niyikiza Janvier nta shingiro gifite, ibyo avuga nta shingiro bifite kuko RIU ariyo itarubahirije amasezerano yo kuwa ko kuwa 02/12/2014 yagiranye na NIYIKIZA Janvier ya fourniture de matériel de bureau, bityo rero ikaba igomba kwirengera ingaruka zose zikomoka ku makosa yayo yo kutubahiriza ibyo yiyemeje muri ayo maserano;

[28] Urukiko rusanga ingingo ya 135 y‟Itegeko no 45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano igika cya mbere ku bijyanye n‟inyungu zirengerwa ivuga ko inyungu z‟uwahawe isezeranya zitangirwa indishyi ni izi zikurikira: (1°) inyungu yari itegerejwe, ari yo nyungu yo kubona urwunguko ruturuka ku masezerano nk‟uko yayiteganyaga iyo amasezerano aza kubahirizwa (…); ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ya 136 y‟iryo tegeko na none ku bijyanye n‟indishyi zishobora gutegekwa n‟inkiko iteganya ko indishyi zishobora gutegekwa n‟inkiko mu rwego rwo kurengera inyungu zirimo ibi bikurikira: (1°) gutanga umubare w‟amafaranga ateganywa mu masezerano cyangwa indishyi (…);

[29] Urukiko rushingiye ku biteganywa muri izi ngingo rusanga kuba mu masezerano yo kuwa 02/12/2014 NIYIKIZA Janvier yagiranye na RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY yo kugemura ibikoresho byo mu biro (fourniture de matériel de bureau) bari bumvikanye ko ibyo bikoresho azagemura bifite agaciro ka 8.721.100frw kandi ibyo bikoresho byose akaba yarabigemuye nta na kimwe kibuzemo bikakirwa na RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, igomba kumwishyura agaciro k‟ibyo bikoresho nk‟uko kumvikanywe mu masezerano;

[30] Urukiko rusanga kandi ibyo ariko bibonwa n‟abahanga mu mategeko nka Prof. ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. NGAGI mu gitabo cye COURS DE DROIT CIVIL DES OBLIGATIONS, BUTARE, les éditions de l’Université National du Rwanda, 2004, ku rupapuro rwa 102 ▇▇▇ avuga ko “▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ doit poursuivre la réparation intégrale du vice. Autrement dit, les dommages et intérêts accordés doivent constituer la réparation du vice. Pour ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ a le pouvoir d’apprecier souverainement le montant de la reparation du vice. Le dommage doit être reparé dans toutes ses formes (dommage matériel, moral,…) tugenekereje bishatse kuvuga ko umucamanza atanga indishyi zo kwishyura ibyangijwe byose, akaba ariwe ugena urugero rw‟indishyi zigomba gutangwa, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ndishyi zigomba kwishyura ibyangijwe byose mu buryo bwose haba ibibarwa mu mutungo cyangwa akababaro;

[31] Urukiko rusanga rero RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY igomba ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ y‟u Rwanda miliyoni umunani n‟ibihumbi ▇▇▇▇▇▇ arindwi na makumyabiri na kimwe n‟ijana (8.721.100frw) kuko ariko gaciro k’ibikoresho byari byumvikanywe mu masezerano. Urukiko rurasanga kandi RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY igomba kumwishyura indishyi z‟akababaro yatewe no kuba yarishe amasezerano nkana ikanga kumwishyura amafaranga y‟ibikoresho yayigemuriye, hakaba hashize hafi umwaka wose ategereje dore ko mu kumwishyura hatanzwe sheki itazigamiwe bigaragaza ko kaminuza yamuruhije cyane kandi yari yayigiriye icyizere, rusanga ariko indishyi zigomba kugenwa mu bushishozi bw‟▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ agomba kuba 700.000frw by‟▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇‟▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇;

[32] Urukiko rusanga na none ingingo ya 258 y‟Itegeko ryo kuwa 30 Nyakanga 1888 ryerekeye ibyerekeye imirimo nshinganwa cyangwa amasezerano iteganya ko igikorwa cyose cy'umuntu cyangirije undi gitegeka ▇▇▇▇▇ ugukora ikosa rigikomokaho kuriha ibyangiritse, naho ingingo ya 26 al. 1 y‟Amabwiriza no 01/2014 agena ibihembo mbonera by‟Abavoka iteganya ko Avoka w’urega wateguye dosiye n’inyandiko ashobora gusaba igihembo fatizo kiri hagati y’amafaranga 500.000 n’amafaranga 5.000.000, cyongerwaho, iyo hari imyenda yagarujwe nawe ubwe cyangwa n’intumwa ye, igihembo cy’inyongera cyo kwishyuza;

[33] Urukiko rushingiye ku biteganywa muri izi ngingo zimaze kuvugwa, rurasanga kuba bigaragara ko kugira ngo uru rubanza rubeho byaturutse ku kuba RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ yagiranye na NIYIKIZA Janvier, kuba rero yaragannye urukiko kugira ngo uburenganzira bwe bwubahirizwe ndetse akanashaka umuhagararira mu rubanza biri no mu byo ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, kuba RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY itsindwa n‟urubanza igomba kubyirengera ikamuha izo ndishyi asaba;

[34] Urukiko rurasanga ariko n‟ubwo asaba amafaranga 3.000.000frw, rusanga izi ndishyi ari umurengera dore ko nta kigaragaza ko ayo amafaranga yayamwishyuye, zikaba zagenwa mu bushishozi bw‟urukiko hakurikijwe ibihembo by„Abavoka, bityo rukaba rumugeneye izingana na 500.000 frw; rusanga ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ urega yaratanze ikirego hari ibyo yatakaje akurikirana urubanza, birimo amafaranga y‟ingendo ajya gushaka umuhagararira mu rubanza, gushaka inyandiko zigize dosiye, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ yarataye igihe cye yagombaga kuba yagize ibindi yakora byamugirira akamaro, bityo uregwa akaba agomba kumwishyura n‟indishyi z„ikurikiranarubanza zingana na 50,000frw;

[35] Urukiko rurasanga kandi Me ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ uhagarariye NIYIKIZA Janvier asaba ko yasubizwa igarama yatanze rihwanye na 50,000frw; rusanga kuba yaratanze ingwate y‟igarama nk‟uko bigaragazwa n‟inyemezabwishyu yishyuriyeho kuwa 20/11/2015, bityo RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY igomba kumusubiza amafaranga ye 50.000frw y‟amagarama nk‟uko biteganywa n‟ingingo ya 3 y‟Iteka rya minisitiri n° 002/08.11 ryo kuwa 11/02/2014 rigena amafaranga atangwa mu manza z‟imbonezamubano, iz‟ubucuruzi, iz‟umurimo n‟iz‟ubutegetsi;

III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO

[36] RWEMEYE kwakira ikirego cya NIYIKIZA Janvier ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ gifite ishingiro;

[37] RWEMEJE ko hari amasezerano yabaye hagati ya NIYIKIZA Janvier na RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY kuwa 02/12/2014 yo kugemura ibikoresho byo mu biro (fourniture de matériel de bureau), ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ y‟ibikoresho yayigemuriye nk‟uko byumvikanywe mu masezerano;

[38] RWEMEJE ko RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY igomba kwishyura NIYIKIZA Janvier agaciro k‟ibikoresho yayigemuriye byari byumvikanywe mu masezerano gahwanye n‟amafaranga y‟u Rwanda miliyoni umunani n‟ibihumbi ▇▇▇▇▇▇ arindwi na makumyabiri na kimwe n‟ijana (8.721.100frw): igomba kumwishyura indishyi z‟akababaro zingana n‟ibihumbi ▇▇▇▇▇▇ arindwi (700.000frw); ikamwishyura na none n‟indishyi z‟ikurikiranarubanza zihwanye n‟ibihumbi mirongo itanu (50.000frw) n‟iz‟igihembo cya Avocat zingana n‟ibihumbi ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ (500,000frw); ikaba igomba kuyishyura urubanza rukimara kuba indakuka itabikora agakurwa mu byayo ku ngufu;

[39] RUTEGETSE ko RUSIZI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY igomba gusubiza NIYIKIZA Janvier amafaranga yatanzeho amagarama y‟urubanza angana n‟amafaranga 50,000frw, ikayishyura urubanza rukimara kuba ndakuka, itakubahiriza icyo gihe ikazishyura indishyi z‟ubukererwe zihwanye ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ku ijana (4%) buri munsi by‟▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ y‟amagarama igomba kwishyura, itabikora ku neza agakurwa mu byayo ku ngufu;

NI UKO RUKIJIJWE KANDI RUSOMEWE MU RUHAME NONE KUWA 21/04/2016, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ NA:

(SE) (SE)

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