{"component": "definition", "props": {"groups": [{"size": 2, "samples": [{"hash": "lhynbdFM31x", "uri": "https://wyaj.uwindsor.ca/index.php/wyaj/article/download/4892/4124", "label": "wyaj.uwindsor.ca", "score": 9.5393566051, "published": false}, {"hash": "1fdb8rXIE2C", "uri": "https://www.canlii.org/w/canlii/2016CanLIIDocs190.pdf", "label": "www.canlii.org", "score": 6.6755646817, "published": false}], "snippet_links": [{"key": "indian-language", "type": "definition", "offset": [43, 58]}, {"key": "the-word", "type": "definition", "offset": [60, 68]}], "snippet": "means 'crushed' or 'broken' in Marathi, an Indian language. The word was coined by Jotirao Phule (1827-1890). See, Anand Teltumbde, The Persistence of Caste: The Khairlanji Murders and India's Hidden Apartheid (Delhi: Navayana, 2014).", "hash": "1437f8f4999e465d974fd2c0d74d812d", "id": 1}, {"size": 2, "samples": [{"hash": "8QiVbPo1qyV", "uri": "https://dbcgolaghat.edu.in/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/DBCG-JOURNAL-on-22-April-2024_compressed.pdf", "label": "dbcgolaghat.edu.in", "score": 17.0388615325, "published": false}, {"hash": "lnzz6nDPVxX", "uri": "https://dbcgolaghat.edu.in/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/DBCG-JOURNAL-on-13-MAY-2024.pdf", "label": "dbcgolaghat.edu.in", "score": 10.1813826146, "published": false}], "snippet_links": [{"key": "the-word", "type": "definition", "offset": [3, 11]}, {"key": "the-community", "type": "clause", "offset": [73, 86]}, {"key": "the-people", "type": "definition", "offset": [127, 137]}, {"key": "public-spaces", "type": "definition", "offset": [315, 328]}, {"key": "not-allowed", "type": "clause", "offset": [459, 470]}, {"key": "basic-needs", "type": "definition", "offset": [505, 516]}, {"key": "drinking-water", "type": "definition", "offset": [525, 539]}, {"key": "changes-in", "type": "definition", "offset": [576, 586]}, {"key": "the-post", "type": "clause", "offset": [646, 654]}], "snippet": "is the word that means \u2018oppressed\u2019 or \u2018untouchable\u2019 in Sanskrit denoting the community belonging to the lowest caste in India. The people belonging to this community are poor and are oppressed by other upper-caste communities. They suffer a lot for their daily survival. Dalits in ancient times were prevented from public spaces because of untouchability. They became the victims of such cruel practices. Dalits were prohibited from entering the temple, were not allowed to wear slippers, and were denied basic needs such as drinking water, proper food, etc. One could notice changes in the austere behaviour towards the Dalits especially, after the post-independence. While open discrimination and untouchability reduced over the last few decades, Dalits remain an oppressed community.", "hash": "a543974a8591d6af9c17019b95e8b1cd", "id": 2}, {"size": 2, "samples": [{"hash": "1UxKIRgxhVB", "uri": "https://www.oxfamnovib.nl/Redactie/Downloads/SPMs/Core-Country-Programme-Evaluation-India-2002-2006.pdf", "label": "www.oxfamnovib.nl", "score": 1.0, "published": false}, {"hash": "kZWLTjZpR7Q", "uri": "http://www.bibalex.org/Search4Dev/files/402032/345815.pdf", "label": "www.bibalex.org", "score": 1.0, "published": false}], "snippet_links": [{"key": "the-group", "type": "clause", "offset": [56, 65]}], "snippet": "literally means \u201coppressed\u2019\u201d or \u201cbroken\u201d. It designates the group of people, (previously) outside the Hindu caste system, the so-called \u201cuntouchables\u201d.", "hash": "42aaba46868275fdf1e505fb35f65378", "id": 3}, {"size": 1, "samples": [{"hash": "38NdIhhEiXT", "uri": "https://think-asia.org/bitstream/handle/11540/3022/poverty-analysis.pdf?sequence=1", "label": "think-asia.org", "score": 3.0, "published": false}], "snippet_links": [], "snippet": "literally means people immersed in a swamp.", "hash": "e7b1babecddc59589c0cc178e5f1cba6", "id": 4}, {"size": 1, "samples": [{"hash": "21UnqlM0ab2", "uri": "https://api.repository.cam.ac.uk/server/api/core/bitstreams/e45d940e-38ca-43de-b48a-8fec4734129e/content", "label": "api.repository.cam.ac.uk", "score": 8.0548912502, "published": false}], "snippet_links": [{"key": "british-india", "type": "definition", "offset": [149, 162]}, {"key": "the-basis", "type": "clause", "offset": [443, 452]}, {"key": "associated-with", "type": "definition", "offset": [560, 575]}, {"key": "concerning-the", "type": "clause", "offset": [670, 684]}, {"key": "origin-of", "type": "definition", "offset": [686, 695]}, {"key": "the-principles", "type": "clause", "offset": [933, 947]}, {"key": "the-country", "type": "definition", "offset": [992, 1003]}, {"key": "lack-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [1447, 1454]}], "snippet": ", which literally means \u2018broken\u2019, \u2018ground\u2019 or \u2018suppressed\u2019, is an expression of self- representation used by groups which were earlier classified in British India as \u2018untouchables\u2019 or \u2018depressed classes\u2019. Dalits stand outside the traditional four-fold hierarchical division (varnashrama) of classical Hindu society into Brahmanas, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras. This mythical categorization, derived ultimately from the Rig Veda X, 90, was the basis for the subsequent emergence of numerous castes (jatis) which are hierarchically- ranked endogamous groups associated with certain food practices and occupations (Quigley 2004). Various theories have been put forward concerning the \u2018origin of the Dalits\u2019 such as their emergence through the admixture by way of inter-marriage between the four varnas, their socio-economic oppression by the predominant classes, and their segregation, physical and ritual, through the operation of the principles of purity and impurity. In several parts of the country, they remain towards the bottom of the economic ladder, dependent on the higher castes for their living either as landless labourers or as performing ritually polluting tasks such as sweeping streets and officiating as funeral priests (Webster 1992). Empirical studies reveal that the classical ideas of varnashrama feed into a hierarchical system, operated by the dominant Brahmanical codes of purity and status, which aggravates the Dalits\u2019 lack of", "hash": "6e0f678e7ee56386b04360ac3cf62a4b", "id": 5}, {"size": 1, "samples": [{"hash": "h4uGXCg8h36", "uri": "http://www.humanrights.asia/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/eia-v3-n1.pdf", "label": "www.humanrights.asia", "score": 1.0, "published": false}], "snippet_links": [], "snippet": "means broken, oppressed, untouchable, downtrodden, and exploited. They come from the poor communities which under the Indian caste system used to be known as \u2018untouchables\u2019. They constitute nearly 16 percent of the Indian population; about 160 million.", "hash": "6774084a5c11c10fdbd7cc936fac60bf", "id": 6}, {"size": 1, "samples": [{"hash": "9gH4l7U2PAR", "uri": "https://www.insightsonindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/InsightsonIndia-Feb-2019-Current-Affairs.pdf", "label": "www.insightsonindia.com", "score": 5.6023271732, "published": false}], "snippet_links": [{"key": "a-community", "type": "clause", "offset": [110, 121]}, {"key": "the-rights", "type": "clause", "offset": [164, 174]}], "snippet": "literally means \u2018downtrodden\u2019 or \u2018broken\u2019, but it is a word pregnant with meaning, reflecting the struggle of a community to reassert its identity and lay claim to the rights that were denied to them for centuries.", "hash": "13c75ca189c923e0ca2dbc1fd5d2ffdf", "id": 7}, {"size": 1, "samples": [{"hash": "f1iJ7GLttNb", "uri": "https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=4107&context=capstones", "label": "digitalcollections.sit.edu", "score": 8.1704312115, "published": false}], "snippet_links": [], "snippet": "means \u201coppressed\u201d in Sanskrit and \u201cbroken\u201d in Hindi. This is the category of people who are assigned to the lowest socio-political level of India\u2019s caste system. Historically severely marginalized and excluded from Indian society, Dalits are often offensively referred to as \u201cthe Untouchables\u201d.", "hash": "8d5a192854804b10af1f33bab5ebe8be", "id": 8}, {"size": 1, "samples": [{"hash": "gIjsRKwDeev", "uri": "https://iasmania.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Current_Affairs_September_2018.pdf", "label": "iasmania.com", "score": 5.4038329911, "published": false}], "snippet_links": [], "snippet": "literally means \u2018downtrodden\u2019 or \u2018broken\u2019.", "hash": "276b85f257ec30b56dd0d6aff14a6d96", "id": 9}, {"size": 1, "samples": [{"hash": "fR68eeJuB7B", "uri": "https://kudos.dfo.no/documents/14759/files/14847.pdf", "label": "kudos.dfo.no", "score": 8.6012763749, "published": false}], "snippet_links": [{"key": "by-the-group", "type": "clause", "offset": [47, 59]}], "snippet": "means \u201cdown-trodden or crushed\u201d. It was chosen by the group themselves and conveys a message of protest against the traditional caste hierarchy.", "hash": "b80a5a9d97297f4ba8289c2475dd61d0", "id": 10}], "next_curs": "ClISTGoVc35sYXdpbnNpZGVyY29udHJhY3Rzci4LEhpEZWZpbml0aW9uU25pcHBldEdyb3VwX3Y1NiIOZGFsaXQjMDAwMDAwMGEMogECZW4YACAA", "definition": {"title": "Dalit", "size": 15, "snippet": "means 'crushed' or 'broken' in Marathi, an Indian language. The word was coined by Jotirao Phule (1827-1890). See, Anand Teltumbde, The Persistence of Caste: The Khairlanji Murders and India's Hidden Apartheid (Delhi: Navayana, 2014).", "id": "dalit", "examples": ["<strong>Dalit</strong> migrant identity politics has consolidated in the face of recent ethnicisation of citizenship.", "So I wanted to educate myself on \u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587 lives in the hopes of later working towards better <strong>Dalit</strong> livelihoods in my own country, Pakistan.", "Many <strong>Dalit</strong> narratives are memoirs, but they are inherently social, dealing with the lives of a community, making them more similar to socio-biographies in nature.", "The weakness in <strong>Dalit</strong> movements, according to Deli\u0450ge, lies in the fact that <strong>Dalit</strong> movements became caste movements and would often work for the betterment of one (sub)caste at another\u2019s expense.", "What is unique about her writings is that she approaches the subject not only as a woman with a vast record of literary achievement, but also as an activist who has developed a specific stance on <strong>Dalit</strong> feminism.", "<strong>Dalit</strong> writings contrasted with this mood, demanding recognition of the suffering of the <strong>Dalit</strong> people by the public sphere (Ganguly 431).", "It is important to observe that the degradation and strife present in <strong>Dalit</strong> writings often coexist with stories of mobilization, activism, faith, celebration, family and community.", "The bodies of two subalterns are evident in <strong>Dalit</strong> writings: those of the poor, which includes women and men of all ages, and those, specifically, of girls/women.", "In this section, I want to suggest that \u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587&#x27; struggle for the status of the political minority as a means towards political emancipation drew on a legacy of the <strong>Dalit</strong> as the mediating figure between Hindu-Muslim relations.", "A scholar of <strong>Dalit</strong> history, \u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587 would castigate me for not taking caste more centrally, on our way to and from field sites she would give me quick-fire lessons on the articulations of caste and work, correcting my partial and awkward knowledge, enthusing me to go home and read more."], "related": [["seaplane", "Seaplane", "Seaplane"], ["panchayat", "Panchayat", "Panchayat"], ["fa\u00e7ade", "Fa\u00e7ade", "Fa\u00e7ade"], ["catechumen", "Catechumen", "Catechumen"], ["aeroplane", "aeroplane", "aeroplane"]], "related_snippets": [], "updated": "2025-07-06T21:58:29+00:00"}, "json": true, "cursor": ""}}