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EXHIBIT (2)
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Form of By-Laws
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FORM OF
BYLAWS
OF
SANWA FUNDS
ARTICLE 1
Agreement and Declaration of Trust and Principal Office
1.1 AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST. These Bylaws shall be subject
to the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as from time to time in effect (the
"Declaration of Trust"), of Sanwa Funds, the Massachusetts business trust
established by the Declaration of Trust (the "Trust").
1.2 RESIDENT AGENT OF THE TRUST. The Trust shall have an agent for
service of process residing in The Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
1.3 PRINCIPAL OFFICE OF THE TRUST. The initial principal office of the
Trust shall be located in Columbus, Ohio. The Trust may have such other offices
as the Trustees may determine or as they may authorize.
ARTICLE 2
Meetings of Trustees
2.1 REGULAR MEETINGS. Regular meetings of the Trustees may be held
without call or notice at such places and at such times as the Trustees may from
time to time determine, provided that notice of the first regular meeting
following any such determination shall be given to absent Trustees. A regular
meeting of the Trustees may be held without call or notice immediately after and
at the same place as an annual meeting of the shareholders.
2.2 SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the Trustees may be held at
any time and at any place designated in the call of the meeting when called by
the Chairman of the Trustees, the President or the Treasurer or by two or more
Trustees, sufficient notice thereof being given to each Trustee by the Secretary
or an Assistant Secretary or by the officer or the Trustees calling the meeting.
2.3 NOTICE. It shall be sufficient notice to the Trustee of a special
meeting to send notice by mail or special delivery at least forty-eight hours or
by telegram, telex or telecopy or other electronic facsimile transmission method
at least twenty-four hours before the meeting addressed to the Trustee at his or
her usual or last known business or residence address or to give notice to him
or her in person or by telephone at least twenty-four hours before the meeting.
Notice of a meeting need not be given to any Trustee if a written waiver of
notice, executed by him or her before the meeting, is filed with the records of
the meeting, or to any
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Trustee who attends the meeting without protesting prior thereto or at its
commencement the lack of notice to him or her. Neither notice of a meeting nor a
waiver of a notice need specify the purposes of the meeting.
2.4 QUORUM. At any meeting of the Trustees a majority of the Trustees
then in office shall constitute a quorum. Any meeting may be adjourned from time
to time by a majority of the votes cast upon the question, whether or not a
quorum is present, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without further
notice.
ARTICLE 3
Officers
3.1 ENUMERATION: QUALIFICATION. The officers of the Trust shall be a
President, a Treasurer, and a Secretary who shall also be the Clerk, and such
other officers including a Chairman of the Board of Trustees, if any, as the
Trustees from time to time may in their discretion elect. The Trust may also
have such agents as the Trustees from time to time may in their discretion
appoint. The Chairman of the Board of Trustees, if one is elected, shall be a
Trustee and may but need not be a shareholder; and any other officer may but not
need be a Trustee or a shareholder. Any two or more offices may be held by the
same person.
3.2 ELECTION. The President, the Treasurer, and the Secretary shall be
elected annually by the Trustees. Other officers, if any, may be elected or
appointed by the Trustees at any time. Vacancies in any office may be filled at
any time.
3.3 TENURE. The Chairman of the Trustees, if one is elected, the
President, the Treasurer and the Secretary shall hold office until their
respective successors are chosen and qualified, or in each case until he or she
sooner dies, resigns, is removed or becomes disqualified. Each other officer
shall hold office and each agent shall retain authority at the pleasure of the
Trustees.
3.4 POWERS. Subject to the other provisions of these Bylaws, each
officer shall have, in addition to the duties and powers herein and as set forth
in the Declaration of Trust, such duties and powers as are commonly incident to
the office occupied by him or her as if the Trust were organized as a
Massachusetts business corporation and such other duties and powers as the
Trustees may designate from time to time.
3.5 CHAIRMAN; PRESIDENT. Unless the Trustees otherwise provide, the
Chairman of the Trustees or, if there is none or in the absence of the Chairman,
the President shall preside at all meetings of the shareholders and of the
Trustees. The President shall be the chief executive officer.
3.6 TREASURER. Unless otherwise provided by the Trustees, the Treasurer
shall be the chief financial and accounting officer of the Trust, and shall,
subject to the provisions of
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the Declaration of Trust and to any arrangement made by the Trustees with a
custodian, investment adviser or manager, or transfer, shareholder servicing or
similar agent, be in charge of the valuable papers, books of account and
accounting records of the Trust, and shall have such other duties and powers as
may be designated from time to time by the Trustees or by the President.
3.7 SECRETARY. The Secretary shall record all proceedings of the
shareholders and the Trustees in books to be kept therefor, which books or a
copy thereof shall be kept at the principal office of the Trust. In the absence
of the Secretary from any meeting of the shareholders or Trustees, an assistant
secretary, or if there be none or if he or she is absent, a temporary secretary
chosen at such meeting shall record the proceedings thereof in the aforesaid
books.
3.8 RESIGNATIONS. Any officer may resign at any time by written
instrument signed by him or her and delivered to the Chairman, the President or
the Secretary or to a meeting of the Trustees. Such resignation shall be
effective upon receipt unless specified to be effective at some other time.
Except to the extent expressly provided in a written agreement with the Trust,
no officer resigning and no officer removed shall have any right to any
compensation for any period following his or her resignation or removal, or any
right to damages on account of such removal.
ARTICLE 4
Committees
4.1 QUORUM; VOTING. A majority of the members of any Committee of the
Trustees shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and any
action of such a Committee may be taken at a meeting by a vote of a majority of
the members present (a quorum being present) or evidenced by one or more
writings signed by such a majority. Members of a Committee may participate in a
meeting of such Committee by means of a conference telephone or other
communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the
meeting can hear each other at the same time and participation by such means
shall constitute presence in person at a meeting.
ARTICLE 5
Reports
5.1 GENERAL. The Trustees and officers shall render reports at the time
and in the manner required by the Declaration of Trust or any applicable law.
Officers and Committees shall render such additional reports as they may deem
desirable or as may from time to time be required by the Trustees.
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ARTICLE 6
Fiscal Year
6.1 GENERAL. Except as from time to time otherwise provided by the
Trustees, the initial fiscal year of the Trust shall end on such date as is
determined in advance or in arrears by the Treasurer, and subsequent fiscal
years shall end on such date in subsequent years.
ARTICLE 7
Seal
7.1 GENERAL. At the discretion of the Trustees, the Trust may have a
seal. The seal of the Trust, if any, shall consist of a flat-faced die with the
word "Massachusetts", together with the name of the Trust and the year of its
organization cut or engraved thereon but, unless otherwise required by the
Trustees, the seal shall not be necessary to be placed on, and its absence shall
not impair the validity of, any document, instrument or other paper executed and
delivered by or on behalf of the Trust.
ARTICLE 8
Execution of Papers
8.1 GENERAL. Except as the Trustees may generally or in particular
cases authorize the execution thereof in some other manner, all deeds, leases,
contracts, notes and other obligations made by the Trustees shall be signed by
the President or by the Treasurer and need not bear the seal of the Trust.
ARTICLE 9
Issuance of Share Certificates
9.1 SHARE CERTIFICATES. In lieu of issuing certificates for shares, the
Trustees or the transfer agent may either issue receipts therefor or may keep
accounts upon the books of the Trust for the record holders of such shares, who
shall in either case be deemed, for all purposes hereunder, to be the holders of
certificates for such shares as if they had accepted such certificates and shall
be held to have expressly assented and agreed to the terms hereof.
The Trustees may at any time authorize the issuance of share
certificates. In that event, each shareholder shall be entitled to a certificate
stating the number of shares owned by him, in such form as shall be prescribed
from time to time by the Trustees. Such certificates shall be signed by the
President or any Vice-President and by the Treasurer or Assistant Treasurer.
Such signatures may be facsimile if the certificate is signed by a transfer
agent, or by a registrar, other than a Trustee, officer or employee of the
Trust. In case any officer who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been
placed on such certificate shall cease to be such officer before such
certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Trust with the same effect as if
he were such officer at the time of its issue.
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9.2 LOSS OF CERTIFICATES. In case of the alleged loss or destruction or
the mutilation of a share certificate, a duplicate certificate may be issued in
place thereof, upon such terms as the Trustees shall prescribe.
9.3 ISSUANCE OF NEW CERTIFICATES TO PLEDGEE. A pledgee of shares
transferred as collateral security shall be entitled to a new certificate if the
instrument of transfer substantially describes the debt or duty that is intended
to be secured thereby. Such new certificates shall express on its face that it
is held as collateral security, and the name of the pledgor shall be stated
thereon, who alone shall be liable as a shareholder and entitled to vote
thereon.
9.4 DISCONTINUANCE OF ISSUANCE OF CERTIFICATES. The Trustees may at any
time discontinue the issuance of share certificates and may, by written notice
to each shareholder, require the surrender of share certificates to the Trust
for cancellation. Such surrender and cancellation shall not effect the ownership
of shares in the Trust.
ARTICLE 10
Provisions Relating to the Conduct of the Trust's Business
10.1 CONDUCT OF BUSINESS. The Trust shall at all times conduct its
business in accordance with applicable provisions of the Investment Company Act
of 1940 (the "1940 Act"). The Trustees shall adopt valuation guidelines or
procedures consistent with the applicable provisions of the 1940 Act regarding
the valuation of the Shares of each series or class of the Trust.
ARTICLE 11
Shareholders' Voting Powers and Meetings
11.1 VOTING POWERS. The Shareholders shall have power to vote only (i)
for the election of Trustees as provided in Article IV, Section 1 of the
Declaration of Trust, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that no meeting of Shareholders is
required to be called for the purpose of electing Trustees unless and until such
time as less than a majority of the Trustees have been elected by the
Shareholders, (ii) with respect to any Manager or Sub-Adviser as provided in
Article IV, Section 6 of the Declaration of Trust to the extent required by the
1940 Act, (iii) with respect to any termination of this Trust to the extent and
as provided in Article IX, Section 4 of the Declaration of Trust, (iv) with
respect to any amendment of the Declaration of Trust to the extent and as
provided in Article IX, Section 7 of the Declaration of Trust, (v) to the same
extent as the stockholders of a Massachusetts business corporation as to whether
or not a court action, proceeding or claim should or should not be brought or
maintained derivatively or as a class action on behalf of the Trust or the
Shareholders, and (vi) with respect to such additional matters relating to the
Trust as may be required by law, the Declaration of Trust, these Bylaws or any
registration of the Trust with the Commission (or any successor agency) or any
state, or as the Trustees may consider necessary or desirable. Shareholders
holding at least 10% of
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the Trust's Shares shall have the right to call a meeting to elect or remove one
or more of the Trustees of the Trust. Removal of one or more Trustees by
Shareholder vote may be accomplished without a showing of cause. Each whole
Share shall be entitled to one vote as to any matter on which it is entitled to
vote and each fractional Share shall be entitled to a proportionate fractional
vote. The Shareholders of any particular series or class shall not be entitled
to vote on any matters as to which such series or class is not affected. Except
with respect to matters as to which the Trustees have determined that only the
interests of one or more particular series are affected or as required by law,
all of the Shares of each series or class shall, on matters as to which it is
entitled to vote, vote with other series so entitled as a single class.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to matters which would otherwise be
voted on by two or more series as a single class, the Trustees may, in their
sole discretion, submit such matters to the Shareholders of any or all such
series, separately. There shall be no cumulative voting in the election of
Trustees. Shares may be voted in person or by proxy. A proxy with respect to
Shares held in the name of two or more persons shall be valid if executed by any
one of them unless at or prior to exercise of the proxy the Trust receives a
specific written notice to the contrary from any one of them. A proxy purporting
to be executed by or on behalf of a Shareholder shall be deemed valid unless
challenged at or prior to its exercise and the burden of proving invalidity
shall rest on the challenger. Until Shares are issued, the Trustees may exercise
all rights of Shareholders and may take any action required by law, the
Declaration of Trust or these Bylaws to be taken by shareholders.
11.2 VOTING POWER AND MEETINGS. Meetings of the Shareholders may be
called by the Trustees for the purpose of electing Trustees as provided in
Article IV, Section 1 of the Declaration of Trust and for such other purposes as
may be prescribed by law, by the Declaration of Trust or by these Bylaws.
Meetings of the Shareholders may also be called by the Trustees from time to
time for the purpose of taking action upon any other matter deemed by the
Trustees to be necessary or desirable. A meeting of Shareholders may be held at
any place designated by the Trustees. Written notice of any meeting of
Shareholders shall be given or caused to be given by the Trustees by mailing
such notice at least seven days before such meeting, postage prepaid, stating
the time and place of the meeting, to each Shareholder at the Shareholder's
address as it appears on the records of the Trust. Whenever notice of a meeting
is required to be given to a Shareholder under the Declaration of Trust or these
Bylaws, a written waiver thereof, executed before or after the meeting by such
Shareholder or his attorney thereunto authorized and filed with the records of
the meeting, shall be deemed equivalent to such notice.
11.3 QUORUM AND REQUIRED VOTE. A majority of Shares entitled to vote
shall be a quorum for the transaction of business at a Shareholders' meeting,
except that where any provision of law or of the Declaration of Trust or these
Bylaws permits or requires that holders of any series shall vote as a series,
then a majority of the aggregate number of Shares of that series entitled to
vote shall be necessary to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business
by that series. Any lesser number shall be sufficient for adjournments. Any
adjourned session or sessions may be held, within a reasonable time after the
date set for the
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original meeting, without the necessity of further notice. Except when a larger
vote is required by any provision of law or the Declaration of Trust or these
Bylaws, a majority of the Shares voted shall decide any questions and a
plurality shall elect a Trustee, provided that where any provision of law or of
the Declaration of Trust or these Bylaws permits or requires that the holders of
any series shall vote as a series, then a majority of the Shares of that series
voted on the matter (or a plurality with respect to the election of a Trustee)
shall decide that matter insofar as that series is concerned.
11.4 ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT. Any action taken by Shareholders may be
taken without a meeting if a majority of Shareholders entitled to vote on the
matter (or such larger proportion thereof as shall be required by any express
provision of law or the Declaration of Trust or these Bylaws) consent to the
action in writing and such written consents are filed with the records of the
meetings of Shareholders. Such consent shall be treated for all purposes as a
vote taken at a meeting of Shareholders.
11.5 RECORD DATES. For the purpose of determining the shareholders who
are entitled to vote or act at any meeting or any adjournment thereof, or who
are entitled to receive payment of any dividend or of any other distribution,
the Trustees may from time to time fix a time, which shall be not more than 90
days before the date of any meeting of shareholders or the date for the payment
of any dividend or of any other distribution, as the record date for determining
the shareholders having the right to notice of and to vote at such meeting and
any adjournment thereof or the right to receive such dividend or distribution,
and in such case only shareholders of record on such record date shall have such
right notwithstanding any transfer of shares on the books of the Trust after the
record date; or without fixing such record date the Trustees may for any of such
purposes close the register or transfer books for all or any part of such
period.
ARTICLE 12
Amendments to the Bylaws
12.1 GENERAL. These Bylaws may be amended or repealed, in whole or in
part, by a majority of the Trustees then in office at any meeting of the
Trustees, or by one or more writings signed by such a majority.
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