Exhibit No. EX-99.a.1
AMENDED AND RESTATED
AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST
of
MGI FUNDS
a Delaware Statutory Trust
(Formed as of March 11, 2005)
(Amended and Restated as of May 16, 2005)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ARTICLE I. NAME; OFFICES; REGISTERED AGENT; DEFINITIONS..................3
SECTION 1. NAME......................................................3
SECTION 2. OFFICES OF THE TRUST......................................3
SECTION 3. REGISTERED AGENT AND REGISTERED OFFICE....................3
SECTION 4. DEFINITIONS...............................................4
ARTICLE II. PURPOSE OF TRUST..............................................6
ARTICLE III. SHARES........................................................9
SECTION 1. DIVISION OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST...........................9
SECTION 2. OWNERSHIP OF SHARES......................................11
SECTION 3. SALE OF SHARES...........................................11
SECTION 4. STATUS OF SHARES AND LIMITATION OF PERSONAL LIABILITY....11
SECTION 5. POWER OF BOARD OF TRUSTEES TO MAKE TAX STATUS ELECTION...11
SECTION 6. ESTABLISHMENT AND DESIGNATION OF SERIES AND CLASSES......12
SECTION 7. INDEMNIFICATION OF SHAREHOLDERS..........................15
ARTICLE IV. THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES........................................16
SECTION 1. NUMBER, ELECTION, TERM, REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION..........16
SECTION 2. TRUSTEE ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING......16
SECTION 3. POWERS; OTHER BUSINESS INTERESTS; QUORUM; AND
REQUIRED VOTE............................................17
SECTION 4. PAYMENT OF EXPENSES BY THE TRUST.........................19
SECTION 5. PAYMENT OF EXPENSES BY SHAREHOLDERS......................20
SECTION 6. OWNERSHIP OF TRUST PROPERTY..............................20
SECTION 7. SERVICE CONTRACTS........................................20
ARTICLE V. SHAREHOLDERS' VOTING POWERS AND MEETINGS.....................21
SECTION 1. VOTING POWERS............................................21
SECTION 2. QUORUM AND REQUIRED VOTE.................................21
SECTION 3. SHAREHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A
MEETING..................................................22
SECTION 4. RECORD DATES.............................................22
SECTION 5. ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS....................................23
ARTICLE VI. NET ASSET VALUE; DISTRIBUTIONS; REDEMPTIONS; TRANSFERS.......24
SECTION 1. DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE, NET INCOME
AND DISTRIBUTIONS........................................24
SECTION 2. REDEMPTIONS AT THE OPTION OF A SHAREHOLDER...............25
SECTION 3. REDEMPTIONS AT THE OPTION OF THE TRUST...................26
SECTION 4. TRANSFER OF SHARES.......................................26
ARTICLE VII. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION OF AGENT.........26
SECTION 1. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY..................................26
SECTION 2. INDEMNIFICATION..........................................27
SECTION 3. INSURANCE................................................30
SECTION 4. DERIVATIVE ACTIONS.......................................30
ARTICLE VIII. CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS.........................................30
SECTION 1. DISSOLUTION OF TRUST OR SERIES...........................30
SECTION 2. MERGER OR CONSOLIDATION; CONVERSION; REORGANIZATION;
TRANSFER OR CONTINUANCE..................................31
SECTION 3. MASTER FEEDER STRUCTURE..................................33
SECTION 4. ABSENCE OF APPRAISAL OR DISSENTERS' RIGHTS...............34
ARTICLE IX. AMENDMENTS...................................................34
SECTION 1. AMENDMENTS GENERALLY.....................................34
ARTICLE X. MISCELLANEOUS................................................34
SECTION 1. REFERENCES; HEADINGS; COUNTERPARTS.......................34
SECTION 2. APPLICABLE LAW...........................................34
SECTION 3. PROVISIONS IN CONFLICT WITH LAW OR REGULATIONS...........35
SECTION 4. STATUTORY TRUST ONLY.....................................35
SECTION 5. USE OF NAMES.............................................35
AMENDED AND RESTATED
AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST
OF
MGI FUNDS
AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST made as of this
16th day of May, 2005, by the Trustees hereunder, and by the holders of Shares
to be issued by the Trust hereunder as hereinafter provided.
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS this Trust is being formed to carry on the business of an open-end
management investment company as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940;
and
WHEREAS this Trust is authorized to issue its Shares in separate Series, to
divide Shares of any Series into two or more classes, and to issue classes of
any Series, all in accordance with the provisions hereinafter set forth; and
WHEREAS the Trustees have agreed to manage all property coming into their
hands as trustees of a Delaware statutory trust in accordance with the
provisions of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, as amended from time to time,
and the provisions hereinafter set forth;
NOW, THEREFORE, the Trustees hereby declare that they will hold all cash,
securities and other assets that they may from time to time acquire in any
manner as Trustees hereunder IN TRUST and will manage and dispose of the same
upon the following terms and conditions for the benefit of the holders, from
time to time, of Shares created hereunder as hereinafter set forth.
ARTICLE I.
NAME; OFFICES; REGISTERED AGENT; DEFINITIONS
Section 1. Name. This Trust shall be known as "MGI Funds," and the Board of
Trustees shall conduct the business of the Trust under that name, which name
(and the word "Trust" wherever hereinafter used) shall not refer to the Trustees
in their individual capacities or to the officers, agents, employees or holders
of Shares.
Section 2. Offices of the Trust. The Board may at any time establish
offices of the Trust at any place(s) where the Trust intends to do business.
Section 3. Registered Agent and Registered Office. The name of the
registered agent of the Trust and the address of the registered office of the
Trust are as set forth in the Trust's Certificate of Trust.
Section 4. Definitions. Whenever used herein, unless otherwise required by
the context or specifically provided:
(a) "1940 Act" shall mean the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the
rules and regulations thereunder, all as adopted or amended from time to
time.
(b) "Affiliate" shall have the same meaning as "affiliated person," as
such term is defined in the 1940 Act when used with reference to a
specified Person, as defined below.
(c) "Board of Trustees" shall mean the governing body of the Trust,
which is comprised of the number of Trustees of the Trust fixed from time
to time pursuant to Article IV hereof, having the powers and duties set
forth herein.
(d) "By-Laws" shall mean By-Laws of the Trust, as amended or restated
from time to time in accordance with Article VIII therein. Such By-Laws may
contain any provision not inconsistent with applicable law or this
Declaration of Trust, relating to the governance of the Trust.
(e) "Certificate of Trust" shall mean the certificate of trust of the
Trust to be filed with the office of the Secretary of State of the State of
Delaware as required under the DSTA, to form the Trust, as such certificate
shall be amended or restated from time to time and filed with such office.
(f) "Class" shall mean each class of shares of the Trust or of a
Series of the Trust established and designated under and in accordance with
the provisions of Article III hereof.
(g) "Code" shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and the rules
and regulations thereunder, all as adopted or amended from time to time.
(h) "Commission" shall have the meaning given that term in the 1940
Act.
(i) "Declaration of Trust" shall mean this Agreement and Declaration
of Trust, as amended or restated from time to time. This Declaration of
Trust, together with the By-Laws, shall constitute the governing instrument
of the Trust under the DSTA.
(j) "DSTA" shall mean the Delaware Statutory Trust Act (12 Del.
C.ss.3801, et seq.), as amended from time to time.
(k) "General Liabilities" shall have the meaning given it in Article
III, Section 6(b) of this Declaration of Trust.
(l) "Interested Person" shall have the meaning given that term in the
1940 Act.
(m) "Investment Adviser" or "Adviser" shall mean a Person, as defined
below, furnishing services to the Trust pursuant to any investment advisory
or investment management contract described in Article IV, Section 7(a)
hereof.
(n) "National Financial Emergency" shall mean the whole or any part of
any period during: (i) which an emergency exists as a result of which
disposal by the Trust of securities or other assets owned by the Trust is
not reasonably practicable; (ii) which it is not reasonably practicable for
the Trust fairly to determine the net asset value of its assets; or (iii)
such other period as the Commission may by order permit for the protection
of investors.
(o) "Person" shall mean a natural person, partnership, limited
partnership, limited liability company, trust, estate, association,
corporation, organization, custodian, nominee or any other individual or
entity in its own or any representative capacity, in each case, whether
domestic or foreign, and a statutory trust or a foreign statutory or
business trust.
(p) "Principal Underwriter" shall have the meaning given that term in
the 1940 Act.
(q) "Registration Statement" as of any particular time shall mean the
Registration Statement of the Trust that is effective at such time under
the 1940 Act.
(r) "Series" shall mean each Series of Shares established and
designated under and in accordance with the provisions of Article III
hereof and shall mean an entity such as that described in the 1940 Act.
(s) "Shareholder" shall mean a record owner of Shares pursuant to the
By-Laws.
(t) "Shares" shall mean the outstanding shares of beneficial interest
into which the beneficial interest in the Trust shall be divided, from time
to time, and shall include fractional and whole Shares.
(u) "Trust" shall mean the Delaware statutory trust formed pursuant to
this Declaration of Trust and the filing of the Certificate of Trust with
the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.
(v) "Trust Property" shall mean as of any particular time any and all
property, real or personal, tangible or intangible, which at such time is
owned or held by or for the account of the Trust, or one or more of any
Series and Class thereof, including, without limitation, the rights
referenced in Article X, Section 5 hereof.
(w) "Trustee" or "Trustees" shall mean each Person who signs this
Declaration of Trust as a trustee, and all other Persons who, from time to
time, may be duly elected or appointed, qualified and serving on the Board
of Trustees in accordance with the provisions hereof and the By-Laws, so
long as such signatory or other Person continues in office in accordance
with the terms hereof and the By-Laws. Reference herein to a Trustee or the
Trustees shall refer to such Person or Persons in such Person's or Persons'
capacity(ies) as a trustee or trustees hereunder and under the By-Laws.
(x) "Vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities" shall
have the meaning provided under Subsection 2(a)(42) of the 1940 Act or any
successor provision thereof, which Subsection, as of the date hereof,
provides as follows: the vote, at a meeting of the Shareholders, (i) of
sixty seven percent (67%) or more of the voting securities present in
person or represented by proxy at such meeting, if the holders of more than
fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust are
present or represented by proxy; or (ii) of more than fifty percent (50%)
of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust, whichever is the less;
provided that, if any matter affects only the interests of some but not all
Series or Classes and only the Shareholders of such affected Series or
Classes shall be entitled to vote on the matter, as provided in Article
III, Section 6(d) hereof, then for purposes of the foregoing vote, the
foregoing respective percentages shall be percentages of the voting
securities of such Series or Classes rather than the voting securities of
the Trust.
ARTICLE II.
PURPOSE OF TRUST
The purpose of the Trust is to conduct, operate and carry on the business
of an open-end management investment company registered under the 1940 Act
directly, or if one or more Series is established hereunder, through one or more
Series, investing primarily in securities. In furtherance of the foregoing, it
shall be the purpose of the Trust to do everything necessary, suitable,
convenient or proper for the conduct, promotion and attainment of any businesses
and purposes that at any time may be incidental or may appear conducive or
expedient for the accomplishment of the business of an open-end management
investment company registered under the 1940 Act and which may be engaged in or
carried on by a statutory trust formed under the DSTA. In connection therewith,
the Trust shall have and may exercise all of the powers, rights and privileges
granted to, or conferred by the laws of the State of Delaware upon, a Delaware
statutory trust formed under the DSTA, including, without limitation, the
following powers:
(a) To hold, invest and reinvest its funds, and in connection therewith, to
make any changes in the investment of the assets of the Trust, to hold part or
all of its funds in cash, to hold cash uninvested, and to subscribe for, invest
in, reinvest in, purchase or otherwise acquire, own, hold, pledge, sell, assign,
mortgage, transfer, exchange, distribute, write options on, lend or otherwise
deal in or dispose of contracts for the future acquisition or delivery of fixed
income or other securities, and securities or property of every nature and kind,
including, without limitation, all types of bonds, debentures, stocks, shares,
units of beneficial interest, preferred stocks, negotiable or non-negotiable
instruments, obligations, evidences of indebtedness, money market instruments,
certificates of deposit or indebtedness, bills, notes, mortgages, commercial
paper, repurchase or reverse repurchase agreements, finance paper, bankers'
acceptances, and any options, certificates, receipts, warrants, futures
contracts or other instruments representing rights to receive, purchase or
subscribe for the same, or evidencing or representing any other rights or
interests therein or in any property or assets, and other securities of any
kind, as the foregoing are issued, created, guaranteed, or sponsored by any and
all Persons, including, without limitation, states, territories, and possessions
of the United States and the District of Columbia and any political subdivision,
agency, or instrumentality thereof, any foreign government or any political
subdivision of the U.S. Government or any foreign government, or any
international instrumentality, or by any bank or savings institution, or by any
corporation or organization organized under the laws of the United States or of
any state, territory, or possession thereof, or by any corporation or
organization organized under any foreign law, or in "when issued" contracts for
any such securities;
(b) To exercise any and all rights, powers and privileges with reference to
or incident to ownership or interest, use and enjoyment of any of such
securities and other instruments or property of every kind and description,
including, but without limitation, the right, power and privilege to own, vote,
hold, purchase, sell, negotiate, assign, exchange, lend, transfer, mortgage,
hypothecate, lease, pledge or write options with respect to or otherwise deal
with, dispose of, use, exercise or enjoy any rights, title, interest, powers or
privileges under or with reference to any of such securities and other
instruments or property, the right to consent and otherwise act with respect
thereto, with power to designate one or more Persons, to exercise any of said
rights, powers, and privileges in respect of any of said instruments, and to do
any and all acts and things for the preservation, protection, improvement and
enhancement in value of any of such securities and other instruments or
property;
(c) To sell, exchange, lend, pledge, mortgage, hypothecate, lease or write
options with respect to or otherwise deal in any property rights relating to any
or all of the assets of the Trust or any Series, subject to any requirements of
the 1940 Act;
(d) To vote or give assent, or exercise any rights of ownership, with
respect to stock or other securities or property; and to execute and deliver
proxies or powers of attorney to such Person or Persons as the Trustees shall
deem proper, granting to such Person or Persons such power and discretion with
relation to securities or property as the Trustees shall deem proper;
(e) To exercise powers and rights of subscription or otherwise which in any
manner arise out of ownership of securities and/or other property;
(f) To hold any security or property in a form not indicating that it is
Trust Property, whether in bearer, unregistered or other negotiable form, or in
its own name or in the name of a custodian or subcustodian or a nominee or
nominees or otherwise or to authorize the custodian or a subcustodian or a
nominee or nominees to deposit the same in a securities depository, subject in
each case to proper safeguards according to the usual practice of investment
companies or any rules or regulations applicable thereto;
(g) To consent to, or participate in, any plan for the reorganization,
consolidation or merger of any corporation or issuer of any security which is
held in the Trust; to consent to any contract, lease, mortgage, purchase or sale
of property by such corporation or issuer; and to pay calls or subscriptions
with respect to any security held in the Trust;
(h) To join with other security holders in acting through a committee,
depositary, voting trustee or otherwise, and in that connection to deposit any
security with, or transfer any security to, any such committee, depositary or
trustee, and to delegate to them such power and authority with relation to any
security (whether or not so deposited or transferred) as the Trustees shall deem
proper, and to agree to pay, and to pay, such portion of the expenses and
compensation of such committee, depositary or trustee as the Trustees shall deem
proper;
(i) To compromise, arbitrate or otherwise adjust claims in favor of or
against the Trust or any matter in controversy, including but not limited to
claims for taxes;
(j) To enter into joint ventures, general or limited partnerships and any
other combinations or associations;
(k) To endorse or guarantee the payment of any notes or other obligations
of any Person; to make contracts of guaranty or suretyship, or otherwise assume
liability for payment thereof;
(l) To purchase and pay for entirely out of Trust Property such insurance
as the Board of Trustees may deem necessary or appropriate for the conduct of
the business, including, without limitation, insurance policies insuring the
assets of the Trust or payment of distributions and principal on its portfolio
investments, and insurance policies insuring the Shareholders, Trustees,
officers, employees, agents, Investment Advisers, Principal Underwriters, or
independent contractors of the Trust, individually against all claims and
liabilities of every nature arising by reason of holding Shares, holding, being
or having held any such office or position, or by reason of any action alleged
to have been taken or omitted by any such Person as Trustee, officer, employee,
agent, Investment Adviser, Principal Underwriters, or independent contractors,
to the fullest extent permitted by this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws and by
applicable law;
(m) To adopt, establish and carry out pension, profit-sharing, share bonus,
share purchase, savings, thrift and other retirement, incentive and benefit
plans, trusts and provisions, including the purchasing of life insurance and
annuity contracts as a means of providing such retirement and other benefits,
for any or all of the Trustees, officers, employees and agents of the Trust;
(n) To purchase or otherwise acquire, own, hold, sell, negotiate, exchange,
assign, transfer, mortgage, pledge or otherwise deal with, dispose of, use,
exercise or enjoy, property of all kinds;
(o) To buy, sell, mortgage, encumber, hold, own, exchange, rent or
otherwise acquire and dispose of, and to develop, improve, manage, subdivide,
and generally to deal and trade in real property, improved and unimproved, and
wheresoever situated; and to build, erect, construct, alter and maintain
buildings, structures, and other improvements on real property;
(p) To borrow or raise moneys for any of the purposes of the Trust, and to
mortgage or pledge the whole or any part of the property and franchises of the
Trust, real, personal, and mixed, tangible or intangible, and wheresoever
situated;
(q) To enter into, make and perform contracts and undertakings of every
kind for any lawful purpose, without limit as to amount;
(r) To issue, purchase, sell and transfer, reacquire, hold, trade and deal
in stocks, shares, bonds, debentures and other securities, instruments or other
property of the Trust, from time to time, to such extent as the Board of
Trustees shall, consistent with the provisions of this Declaration of Trust,
determine; and to reacquire and redeem, from time to time, its Shares or, if
any, its bonds, debentures and other securities;
(s) To engage in and to prosecute, defend, compromise, abandon, or adjust,
by arbitration, or otherwise, any actions, suits, proceedings, disputes, claims,
and demands relating to the Trust or any Series or Class thereof, and out of the
assets of the Trust or a particular Series or Class, as applicable, to pay or to
satisfy any debts, claims or expenses incurred in connection therewith,
including those of litigation, and such power shall include, without limitation,
the power of the Trustees or any appropriate committee thereof, in the exercise
of their or its good faith business judgment, to dismiss any action, suit,
proceeding, dispute, claim, or demand, derivative or otherwise, brought by any
Person, including a Shareholder in the Shareholder's own name or the name of the
Trust, whether or not the Trust or any of the Trustees may be named individually
therein or the subject matter arises by reason of business for or on behalf of
the Trust;
(t) To exercise and enjoy, in Delaware and in any other states,
territories, districts and U.S. dependencies and in foreign countries, all of
the foregoing powers, rights and privileges, and the enumeration of the
foregoing powers shall not be deemed to exclude any powers, rights or privileges
so granted or conferred; and
(u) In general, to carry on any other business in connection with or
incidental to its trust purposes, to do everything necessary, suitable or proper
for the accomplishment of such purposes or for the attainment of any object or
the furtherance of any power hereinbefore set forth, either alone or in
association with others, and to do every other act or thing incidental or
appurtenant to, or growing out of, or connected with, its business or purposes,
objects or powers.
The Trust shall not be limited to investing in obligations maturing before
the possible dissolution of the Trust or one or more of its Series. Neither the
Trust nor the Board of Trustees shall be required to obtain any court order to
deal with any assets of the Trust or to take any other action hereunder.
The foregoing clauses shall each be construed as purposes, objects and
powers, and it is hereby expressly provided that the foregoing enumeration of
specific purposes, objects and powers shall not be held to limit or restrict in
any manner the powers of the Trust, and that they are in furtherance of, and in
addition to, and not in limitation of, the general powers conferred upon the
Trust by the DSTA and the other laws of the State of Delaware or otherwise; nor
shall the enumeration of one thing be deemed to exclude another, although it be
of like nature, not expressed.
ARTICLE III.
SHARES
Section 1. Division of Beneficial Interest.
(a) The beneficial interest in the Trust shall be divided into Shares,
without par value. The number of shares of beneficial interest in the Trust
authorized hereunder, and of each Series and Class as may be established from
time to time, is unlimited. The Board of Trustees may authorize, in accordance
with the 1940 Act, the division of Shares into separate and distinct Series of
Shares and the division of any Series into separate Classes of Shares. The
different Series and Classes shall be established and designated pursuant to
Article III, Section 6 hereof. If no separate Series or Classes of Series shall
be established, the Shares shall have the rights, powers and duties provided for
herein and in Article III, Section 6 hereof to the extent relevant and not
otherwise provided for herein, and all references to Series and Classes shall be
construed (as the context may require) to refer to the Trust. The fact that a
Series shall have initially been established and designated without any specific
establishment or designation of Classes (i.e., that all Shares of such Series
are initially of a single Class) shall not limit the authority of the Board of
Trustees to establish and designate separate Classes of said Series. The fact
that a Series shall have more than one established and designated Class, shall
not limit the authority of the Board of Trustees to establish and designate
additional Classes of said Series.
(b) The Board of Trustees shall have the power to issue authorized, but
unissued shares of beneficial interest of the Trust, or any Series and Class
thereof, from time to time, for such consideration paid wholly or partly in
cash, securities or other property as may be determined from time to time by the
Board of Trustees, subject to any requirements or limitations of the 1940 Act.
The Board of Trustees, on behalf of the Trust, may acquire and hold as treasury
shares, reissue for such consideration and on such terms as it may determine, or
cancel, at its discretion from time to time, any Shares reacquired by the Trust.
The Board of Trustees may classify or reclassify any unissued shares of
beneficial interest or any shares of beneficial interest of the Trust or any
Series or Class thereof that were previously issued and are reacquired, into one
or more Series or Classes that may be established and designated from time to
time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust and any Series thereof may
acquire, hold, sell and otherwise deal in, for purposes of investment or
otherwise, the Shares of any other Series of the Trust or Shares of the Trust,
and such Shares shall not be deemed treasury shares or cancelled.
(c) Subject to the provisions of Section 6 of this Article III, each Share
shall entitle the holder to voting rights as provided in Article V hereof.
Shareholders shall have no preemptive or other right to subscribe for new or
additional authorized, but unissued Shares or other securities issued by the
Trust or any Series thereof. The Board of Trustees, from time to time, may
divide or combine the Shares of the Trust or any particular Series thereof into
a greater or lesser number of Shares of the Trust or that Series, respectively.
Such division or combination shall not materially change the proportionate
beneficial interests of the holders of Shares of the Trust or that Series, as
the case may be, in the Trust Property at the time of such division or
combination that is held with respect to the Trust or that Series, as the case
may be.
(d) Any Trustee, officer or other agent of the Trust, and any organization
in which any such Person has an economic or other interest, may acquire, own,
hold and dispose of Shares in the Trust or any Series and Class thereof, to the
same extent as if such Person were not a Trustee, officer or other agent of the
Trust; and the Trust or any Series may issue and sell and may purchase such
shares of beneficial interest from any such Person or any such organization,
subject to the limitations, restrictions or other provisions applicable to the
sale or purchase of such shares herein and the 1940 Act.
Section 2. Ownership of Shares. The ownership of Shares shall be recorded
on the books of the Trust kept by the Trust or by a transfer or similar agent
for the Trust, which books shall be maintained separately for the Shares of each
Series and Class thereof that has been established and designated. No
certificates certifying the ownership of Shares shall be issued except as the
Board of Trustees may otherwise determine from time to time. The Board of
Trustees may make such rules not inconsistent with the provisions of the 1940
Act as the Board considers appropriate for the issuance of Share certificates,
the transfer of Shares of the Trust and each Series and Class thereof, if any,
and similar matters. The record books of the Trust as kept by the Trust or any
transfer or similar agent, as the case may be, shall be conclusive as to who are
the Shareholders of the Trust and each Series and Class thereof and as to the
number of Shares of the Trust and each Series and Class thereof held from time
to time by each such Shareholder.
Section 3. Sale of Shares. Subject to the 1940 Act and applicable law, the
Trust may sell its authorized but unissued shares of beneficial interest to such
Persons, at such times, on such terms, and for such consideration as the Board
of Trustees may from time to time authorize. Each sale shall be credited to the
individual purchaser's account in the form of full or fractional Shares of the
Trust or such Series thereof (and Class thereof, if any), as the purchaser may
select, at the net asset value per Share, subject to Section 22 of the 1940 Act,
and the rules and regulations adopted thereunder; provided, however, that the
Board of Trustees, in its sole discretion, may permit the Principal Underwriter
to impose a sales charge upon any such sale. Every Shareholder, by virtue of
having become a Shareholder, shall be deemed to have expressly assented and
agreed to the terms of this Declaration of Trust and to have become bound as a
party hereto.
Section 4. Status of Shares and Limitation of Personal Liability. Shares
shall be deemed to be personal property giving to Shareholders only the rights
provided in this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws, and under applicable law.
Ownership of Shares shall not entitle the Shareholder to any title in or to the
whole or any part of the Trust Property or right to call for a partition or
division of the same or for an accounting, nor shall the ownership of Shares
constitute the Shareholders as partners. Subject to Article VIII, Section 1
hereof, the death, incapacity, dissolution, termination, or bankruptcy of a
Shareholder during the existence of the Trust and any Series thereof shall not
operate to dissolve the Trust or any such Series, nor entitle the representative
of any deceased, incapacitated, dissolved, terminated or bankrupt Shareholder to
an accounting or to take any action in court or elsewhere against the Trust, the
Trustees or any such Series, but entitles such representative only to the rights
of said deceased, incapacitated, dissolved, terminated or bankrupt Shareholder
under this Declaration of Trust. Neither the Trust nor the Trustees, nor any
officer, employee or agent of the Trust, shall have any power to bind personally
any Shareholder, nor, except as specifically provided herein, to call upon any
Shareholder for the payment of any sum of money other than such as the
Shareholder may at any time personally agree to pay. Each Share, when issued on
the terms determined by the Board of Trustees, shall be fully paid and
nonassessable. As provided in the DSTA, Shareholders shall be entitled to the
same limitation of personal liability as that extended to stockholders of a
private corporation organized for profit under the General Corporation Law of
the State of Delaware.
Section 5. Power of Board of Trustees to Make Tax Status Election. The
Board of Trustees shall have the power, in its discretion, to make such
elections as to the tax status of the Trust and any Series as may be permitted
or required under the Code, without the vote of any Shareholder.
Section 6. Establishment and Designation of Series and Classes. The
establishment and designation of any Series or Class thereof shall be effective,
without the requirement of Shareholder approval, upon the adoption of a
resolution by not less than a majority of the then Board of Trustees, which
resolution shall set forth such establishment and designation and may provide,
to the extent permitted by the DSTA, for rights, powers and duties of such
Series or Class thereof (including variations in the relative rights and
preferences as between the different Series and Classes thereof) otherwise than
as provided herein. Each such resolution shall be incorporated herein by
reference upon adoption. Any such resolution may be amended by a further
resolution of a majority of the Board of Trustees, and if Shareholder approval
would be required to make such an amendment to the language set forth in this
Declaration of Trust, such further resolution shall require the same Shareholder
approval that would be necessary to make such amendment to the language set
forth in this Declaration of Trust. Each such further resolution shall be
incorporated herein by reference upon adoption.
Each Series shall be separate and distinct from any other Series, separate
and distinct records on the books of the Trust shall be maintained for each
Series, and the assets and liabilities belonging to any such Series shall be
held in such separate and distinct records (directly or indirectly, including
through a nominee or otherwise) and accounted for in such separate and distinct
records separately from the assets and liabilities of the Trust or any other
Series. Each Class of a Series shall be separate and distinct from any other
Class of the Series. As appropriate, in a manner determined by the Board of
Trustees, the liabilities belonging to any such Class of the Series shall be
held and accounted for separately from the liabilities of the Trust, the Series
or any other Class of the Series and separate and distinct records on the books
of the Trust for the Class of the Series shall be maintained for this purpose.
Subject to Article II hereof, each such Series shall operate as a separate and
distinct investment medium, with separately defined investment objectives and
policies.
Shares of each Series (and Class thereof, where applicable) established and
designated pursuant to this Section 6, unless otherwise provided to the extent
permitted by the DSTA, in the resolution establishing and designating such
Series or Class, shall have the following rights, powers and duties:
(a) Assets Held with Respect to a Particular Series. All consideration
received by the Trust for the issue or sale of Shares of a particular
Series, together with all assets in which such consideration is invested or
reinvested, all income, earnings, profits, and proceeds thereof from
whatever source derived, including, without limitation, any proceeds
derived from the sale, exchange or liquidation of such assets, and any
funds or payments derived from any reinvestment of such proceeds in
whatever form the same may be, shall irrevocably be held with respect to
that Series for all purposes, subject only to the rights of creditors with
respect to that Series, and shall be so recorded upon the books of account
of the Trust. Such consideration, assets, income, earnings, profits and
proceeds thereof, from whatever source derived, including, without
limitation, any proceeds derived from the sale, exchange or liquidation of
such assets, and any funds or payments derived from any reinvestment of
such proceeds, in whatever form the same may be, are herein referred to as
"assets held with respect to" that Series. In the event that there are any
assets, income, earnings, profits and proceeds thereof, funds or payments
which are not readily identifiable as assets held with respect to any
particular Series (collectively, "General Assets"), the Board of Trustees,
or an appropriate officer as determined by the Board of Trustees, shall
allocate such General Assets to, between or among any one or more of the
Series in such manner and on such basis as the Board of Trustees, in its
sole discretion, deems fair and equitable, and any General Asset so
allocated to a particular Series shall be held with respect to that Series.
Each such allocation by or under the direction of the Board of Trustees
shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders of all Series for all
purposes.
(b) Liabilities Held with Respect to a Particular Series or Class. The
assets of the Trust held with respect to a particular Series shall be
charged with the liabilities, debts, obligations, costs, charges, reserves
and expenses of the Trust incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing
with respect to such Series. Such liabilities, debts, obligations, costs,
charges, reserves and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise
existing with respect to a particular Series are herein referred to as
"liabilities held with respect to" that Series. Any liabilities, debts,
obligations, costs, charges, reserves and expenses of the Trust which are
not readily identifiable as being liabilities held with respect to any
particular Series (collectively, "General Liabilities") shall be allocated
by the Board of Trustees, or an appropriate officer as determined by the
Board of Trustees, to and among any one or more of the Series in such
manner and on such basis as the Board of Trustees in its sole discretion
deems fair and equitable. Each allocation of liabilities, debts,
obligations, costs, charges, reserves and expenses by or under the
direction of the Board of Trustees shall be conclusive and binding upon the
Shareholders of all Series for all purposes. All Persons who have extended
credit that has been allocated to a particular Series, or who have a claim
or contract that has been allocated to any particular Series, shall be
limited exclusively to the assets of that particular Series as the source
of payment of such credit, claim, or contract. In the absence of an express
contractual agreement so limiting the claims of such creditors, claimants
and contract providers, each creditor, claimant and contract provider shall
be deemed nevertheless to have impliedly agreed to such limitation.
Subject to the right of the Board of Trustees, in its discretion, to
allocate General Liabilities as provided herein, the debts, liabilities,
obligations and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with
respect to a particular Series, whether such Series is now authorized and
existing pursuant to this Declaration of Trust or is hereafter authorized and
existing pursuant to this Declaration of Trust, shall be enforceable against the
assets held with respect to that Series only, and not against the assets of any
other Series or the Trust generally and none of the debts, liabilities,
obligations and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with
respect to the Trust generally or any other Series thereof shall be enforceable
against the assets held with respect to such Series. Notice of this limitation
on liabilities between and among Series shall be set forth in the Certificate of
Trust to be filed in the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of
Delaware pursuant to the DSTA, and upon the giving of such notice in the
Certificate of Trust, the statutory provisions of Section 3804 of the DSTA
relating to limitations on liabilities between and among Series (and the
statutory effect under Section 3804 of setting forth such notice in the
Certificate of Trust) shall become applicable to the Trust and each Series.
Liabilities, debts, obligations, costs, charges, reserves and expenses
related to the distribution of, and other identified expenses that should or may
properly be allocated to, the Shares of a particular Class may be charged to and
borne solely by such Class. The bearing of expenses solely by a particular Class
of Shares may be appropriately reflected (in a manner determined by the Board of
Trustees) and may affect the net asset value attributable to, and the dividend,
redemption and liquidation rights of, such Class. Each allocation of
liabilities, debts, obligations, costs, charges, reserves and expenses by or
under the direction of the Board of Trustees shall be conclusive and binding
upon the Shareholders of all Classes for all purposes. All Persons who have
extended credit that has been allocated to a particular Class, or who have a
claim or contract that has been allocated to any particular Class, shall look,
and may be required by contract to look, exclusively to that particular Class
for payment of such credit, claim, or contract.
(c) Dividends, Distributions and Redemptions. Notwithstanding any
other provisions of this Declaration of Trust, including, without
limitation, Article VI hereof, no dividend or distribution including,
without limitation, any distribution paid upon dissolution of the Trust or
of any Series with respect to, nor any redemption of, the Shares of any
Series or Class of such Series shall be effected by the Trust other than
from the assets held with respect to such Series, nor, except as
specifically provided in Section 7 of this Article III, shall any
Shareholder of any particular Series otherwise have any right or claim
against the assets held with respect to any other Series or the Trust
generally except, in the case of a right or claim against the assets held
with respect to any other Series, to the extent that such Shareholder has
such a right or claim hereunder as a Shareholder of such other Series. The
Board of Trustees shall have full discretion, to the extent not
inconsistent with the 1940 Act, to determine which items shall be treated
as income and which items as capital; and each such determination and
allocation shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders.
(d) Voting. On any matter submitted to a vote of the Shareholders, all
Shares shall be voted separately by individual Series, except: (i) when
required by the 1940 Act, Shares shall be voted in the aggregate and not by
individual Series; and (ii) when the Trustees have determined that the
matter affects the interests of more than one Series, then the Shareholders
of all such Series shall be entitled to vote thereon. The Trustees may also
determine that a matter affects only the interests of one or more Classes
of a Series, in which case any such matter shall be voted on by such Class
or Classes.
(e) Equality. Each Share of any particular Series shall be equal to
each other Share of such Series (subject to the rights and preferences with
respect to separate Classes of such Series).
(f) Fractions. A fractional Share of a Series shall carry
proportionately all the rights and obligations of a whole Share of such
Series, including rights with respect to voting, receipt of dividends and
distributions, redemption of Shares and dissolution of the Trust or that
Series.
(g) Exchange Privilege. The Board of Trustees shall have the authority
to provide that the holders of Shares of any Series shall have the right to
exchange said Shares for Shares of one or more other Series in accordance
with such requirements and procedures as may be established by the Board of
Trustees, and in accordance with the 1940 Act.
(h) Combination of Series. The Board of Trustees shall have the
authority, without the approval of the Shareholders of any Series unless
otherwise required by applicable law, to combine the assets and liabilities
held with respect to any two or more Series into assets and liabilities
held with respect to a single Series; provided, however, that upon
completion of such combination of Series, the interest of each Shareholder
in the combined assets and liabilities held with respect to the combined
Series shall equal the interest of each such Shareholder in the aggregate
of assets and liabilities held with respect to the Series that were
combined.
(i) Dissolution or Termination. No Shareholder as such shall be
subject to any personal liability whatsoever to any Person in connection
with Trust Property or the acts, obligations or affairs of the Trust. Any
particular Series shall be dissolved upon the occurrence of the applicable
dissolution events set forth in Article VIII, Section 1 hereof. Upon
dissolution of a particular Series, the Trustees shall wind up the affairs
of such Series in accordance with Article VIII, Section 1 hereof and
thereafter, rescind the establishment and designation thereof. The Board of
Trustees shall terminate any particular Class and rescind the establishment
and designation thereof upon the vote of the holders of not less than a
majority of the Shares outstanding and entitled to vote of such Class. In
addition, at any time there are no Shares outstanding of a particular
Class, the Board of Trustees may terminate such Class and rescind the
establishment and designation thereof; provided, however, that upon the
rescission of the establishment and designation of any particular Series,
every Class of such Series shall thereby be terminated and its
establishment and designation rescinded. Each resolution of the Board of
Trustees pursuant to this Section 6(i) shall be incorporated herein by
reference upon adoption.
Section 7. Indemnification of Shareholders. No Shareholders as such shall
be subject to any personal liability whatsoever to any Person in connection with
Trust Property or the acts, obligations, or affairs of the Trust. If any
Shareholder or former Shareholder shall be exposed to liability, charged or held
personally liable for any obligation or liability of the Trust, by reason of a
claim or demand relating exclusively to his or her being or having been a
Shareholder of the Trust or a Shareholder of a particular Series thereof, and
not because of such Shareholder's actions or omissions, the Trust (upon proper
and timely request by the Shareholder) shall assume the defense against such
charge and satisfy any judgment or settlement thereon, and such Shareholder or
former Shareholder (or, in the case of a natural Person, his or her heirs,
executors, administrators, or other legal representatives or, in the case of a
corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor) shall be
entitled to be held harmless from and indemnified out of the assets of the Trust
or out of the assets of such Series thereof, as the case may be, against all
losses and expenses, including, without limitation, attorneys' fees arising from
such claim or demand; provided, however, such indemnity shall not cover (i) any
taxes due or paid by reason of such Shareholder's ownership of any Shares, or
(ii) expenses charged to a Shareholder pursuant to Article IV, Section 5 hereof.
ARTICLE IV.
THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES
Section 1. Number, Election, Term, Removal and Resignation.
(a) The initial Board of Trustees shall be comprised of the Trustees
entering into this Declaration of Trust on the date first written above,
who shall hold office until the initial Trustees approve a resolution
electing a Board of Trustees to hold office in accordance with paragraph
(c) of this Section 1. The initial Trustees shall (i) execute and file, or
cause to be filed, the Certificate of Trust with the office of the
Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, and (ii) execute a consent or
consents in writing to adopt the By-Laws. Each Trustee shall execute a
counterpart to this Declaration of Trust. In accordance with Section 3801
of the DSTA, each Trustee shall become a Trustee and be bound by this
Declaration of Trust and the By-Laws when such Person signs this
Declaration of Trust as a Trustee and/or is duly elected or appointed,
qualified and serving on the Board of Trustees in accordance with the
provisions hereof and the By-Laws, so long as such signatory or other
Person continues in office in accordance with the terms hereof and the
By-Laws.
(b) The number of Trustees constituting the entire Board of Trustees
may be fixed from time to time by the vote of a majority of the then Board
of Trustees; provided, however, that the number of Trustees shall in no
event be less than one (1) nor more than fifteen (15). The number of
Trustees shall not be reduced so as to shorten the term of any Trustee then
in office.
(c) Each Trustee shall hold office for the lifetime of the Trust or
until such Trustee's earlier death, resignation, removal, retirement or
inability otherwise to serve, or, if sooner than any of such events, until
the next meeting of Shareholders called for the purpose of electing
Trustees or consent of Shareholders in lieu thereof for the election of
Trustees, and until the election and qualification of his or her successor.
(d) Any Trustee may be removed, with or without cause, by the Board of
Trustees, by action of a majority of the Trustees then in office, or by the
Shareholders, upon the vote of the holders of 75% of the Shares entitled to
vote. Shareholders shall have the power to remove a Trustee only to the
extent provided by the 1940 Act.
(e) Any Trustee may resign at any time by giving written notice to the
secretary of the Trust or to a meeting of the Board of Trustees. Such
resignation shall be effective upon receipt, unless specified to be
effective at some later time.
Section 2. Trustee Action by Written Consent Without a Meeting. To the
extent not inconsistent with the provisions of the 1940 Act, any action that may
be taken at any meeting of the Board of Trustees or any committee thereof may be
taken without a meeting and without prior written notice if a consent or
consents in writing setting forth the action so taken is signed by the Trustees
having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to
authorize or take that action at a meeting at which all Trustees on the Board of
Trustees or any committee thereof, as the case may be, were present and voted. A
consent transmitted by electronic transmission (as defined in the DSTA) by a
Trustee shall be deemed to be written and signed for purposes of this Section.
All such consents shall be filed with the secretary of the Trust and shall be
maintained in the Trust's records.
Section 3. Powers; Other Business Interests; Quorum; and Required Vote.
(a) Powers. Subject to the provisions of this Declaration of Trust,
the business of the Trust (including every Series thereof) shall be managed
by or under the direction of the Board of Trustees, and such Board of
Trustees shall have all powers necessary or convenient to carry out that
responsibility. The Board of Trustees shall have full power and authority
to do any and all acts and to make and execute any and all contracts and
instruments that it may consider necessary or appropriate in connection
with the operation and administration of the Trust (including every Series
thereof). The Board of Trustees shall not be bound or limited by present or
future laws or customs with regard to investments by trustees or
fiduciaries, but, subject to the other provisions of this Declaration of
Trust and the By-Laws, shall have full authority and absolute power and
control over the assets and the business of the Trust (including every
Series thereof) to the same extent as if the Board of Trustees was the sole
owner of such assets and business in its own right, including such
authority, power and control to do all acts and things as the Board of
Trustees, in its sole discretion, shall deem proper to accomplish the
purposes of this Trust. Without limiting the foregoing, the Board of
Trustees, subject to the requisite vote for such actions as set forth in
this Declaration of Trust and the By-Laws, may:
(i) adopt By-Laws not inconsistent with applicable law or this Declaration
of Trust;
(ii) amend, restate and repeal such By-Laws, subject to and in accordance
with the provisions of such By-Laws;
(iii)fill vacancies on the Board of Trustees in accordance with this
Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws and the requirements of the 1940
Act;
(iv) elect and remove such officers and appoint and terminate such agents
as it considers appropriate, in accordance with this Declaration of
Trust and the By-Laws;
(v) establish and terminate one or more committees of the Board of
Trustees pursuant to the By-Laws;
(vi) place Trust Property in custody as required by the 1940 Act, employ
one or more custodians of the Trust Property and authorize such
custodians to employ sub-custodians and to place all or any part of
such Trust Property with a custodian or a custodial system meeting the
requirements of the 1940 Act;
(vii)retain a transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent, a shareholder
servicing agent or administrative services agent, or any number
thereof or any other service provider as deemed appropriate;
(viii)provide for the issuance and distribution of Shares or other
securities or financial instruments directly or through one or more
Principal Underwriters or otherwise;
(ix) retain one or more Investment Adviser(s);
(x) reacquire and redeem Shares on behalf of the Trust and transfer Shares
pursuant to applicable law;
(xi) set record dates for the determination of Shareholders with respect to
various matters, in the manner provided in Article V, Section 4 of
this Declaration of Trust;
(xii)declare and pay dividends and distributions to Shareholders from the
Trust Property, in accordance with this Declaration of Trust and the
By-Laws;
(xiii)establish, designate and redesignate, from time to time, in
accordance with the provisions of Article III, Section 6 hereof, any
Series or Class thereof;
(xiv)hire personnel as staff for the Board of Trustees or, for those
Trustees who are not Interested Persons of the Trust, the Investment
Adviser, or the Principal Underwriter, set the compensation to be paid
by the Trust to such personnel, exercise exclusive supervision of such
personnel, and remove one or more of such personnel, at the discretion
of the Board of Trustees;
(xv) retain special counsel, other experts and/or consultants for the Board
of Trustees, for those Trustees who are not Interested Persons of the
Trust, the Investment Adviser, or the Principal Underwriter, and/or
for one or more of the committees of the Board of Trustees, set the
compensation to be paid by the Trust to such special counsel, other
experts and/or consultants, and remove one or more of such special
counsel, other experts and/or consultants, at the discretion of the
Board of Trustees;
(xvi)engage in and prosecute, defend, compromise, abandon, or adjust, by
arbitration, or otherwise, any actions, suits, proceedings, disputes,
claims, and demands relating to the Trust or any Series or Class
thereof, and out of the assets of the Trust or a particular Series or
Class, as applicable, to pay or to satisfy any debts, claims or
expenses incurred in connection therewith, including those of
litigation, and such power shall include, without limitation, the
power of the Trustees, or any appropriate committee thereof, in the
exercise of their or its good faith business judgment, to dismiss any
action, suit, proceeding, dispute, claim or demand, derivative or
otherwise, brought by any person, including a shareholder in its own
name or in the name of the Trust, whether or not the Trust or any of
the Trustees may be named individually therein or the subject matter
arises by reason of business for or on behalf of the Trust; and
(xvii)in general, delegate such authority as the Board of Trustees
considers desirable to any officer of the Trust, to any committee of
the Trust and to any agent or employee of the Trust or to any such
custodian, transfer, dividend disbursing, shareholder servicing agent,
Principal Underwriter, Investment Adviser, or other service provider,
to the extent authorized and in accordance with this Declaration of
Trust, the By-Laws and applicable law.
The powers of the Board of Trustees set forth in this Section 3(a) are
without prejudice to any other powers of the Board of Trustees set forth in this
Declaration of Trust and the By-Laws. Any determination as to what is in the
best interests of the Trust or any Series (or Class) thereof and its
Shareholders made by the Board of Trustees in good faith shall be conclusive. In
construing the provisions of this Declaration of Trust, the presumption shall be
in favor of a grant of power to the Board of Trustees.
(b) Other Business Interests. The Trustees shall devote to the affairs
of the Trust (including every Series thereof) such time as may be necessary
for the proper performance of their duties hereunder, but neither the
Trustees nor the officers, directors, shareholders, partners or employees
of the Trustees, if any, shall be expected to devote their full time to the
performance of such duties. The Trustees, or any Affiliate, shareholder,
officer, director, partner or employee thereof, or any Person owning a
legal or beneficial interest therein, may engage in, or possess an interest
in, any business or venture other than the Trust or any Series thereof, of
any nature and description, independently or with or for the account of
others. None of the Trust, any Series thereof or any Shareholder shall have
the right to participate or share in such other business or venture or any
profit or compensation derived therefrom.
(c) Quorum and Required Vote. At all meetings of the Board of
Trustees, a majority of the Board of Trustees then in office shall be
present in person in order to constitute a quorum for the transaction of
business. A meeting at which a quorum is initially present may continue to
transact business notwithstanding the departure of Trustees from the
meeting, if any action taken is approved by at least a majority of the
required quorum for that meeting. Subject to Article III, Sections 1 and 6
of the By-Laws, and except as otherwise provided therein or required by
applicable law, the vote of not less than a majority of the Trustees
present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the
Board of Trustees.
Section 4. Payment of Expenses by the Trust. Subject to the provisions of
Article III, Section 6 hereof, an authorized officer of the Trust shall pay or
cause to be paid out of the principal or income of the Trust or any particular
Series or Class thereof, or partly out of the principal and partly out of the
income of the Trust or any particular Series or Class thereof, and charge or
allocate the same to, between or among such one or more of the Series or Class
that may be established or designated pursuant to Article III, Section 6 hereof,
as such officer deems fair, all expenses, fees, charges, taxes and liabilities
incurred by or arising in connection with the maintenance or operation of the
Trust or a particular Series or Class thereof, or in connection with the
management thereof, including, but not limited to, the Trustees' compensation
and such expenses, fees, charges, taxes and liabilities associated with the
services of the Trust's officers, employees, Investment Adviser(s), Principal
Underwriter, auditors, counsel, custodian, sub-custodian, transfer agent,
dividend disbursing agent, shareholder servicing agent, and such other agents or
independent contractors and such other expenses, fees, charges, taxes and
liabilities as the Board of Trustees may deem necessary or proper to incur.
Section 5. Payment of Expenses by Shareholders. The Board of Trustees shall
have the power, as frequently as it may determine, to cause any Shareholder to
pay directly, in advance or arrears, for charges of the Trust's custodian or
transfer, dividend disbursing, shareholder servicing or similar agent for
services provided to such Shareholder, an amount fixed from time to time by the
Board of Trustees, by setting off such amount due from such Shareholder from the
amount of (i) declared but unpaid dividends or distributions owed such
Shareholder, or (ii) proceeds from the redemption by the Trust of Shares from
such Shareholder pursuant to Article VI hereof.
Section 6. Ownership of Trust Property. Legal title to all of the Trust
Property shall at all times be vested in the Trust, except that the Board of
Trustees shall have the power to cause legal title to any Trust Property to be
held by or in the name of any Person as nominee, on such terms as the Board of
Trustees may determine, in accordance with applicable law.
Section 7. Service Contracts.
(a) Subject to this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws and the 1940
Act, the Board of Trustees, at any time and from time to time, may contract
for exclusive or nonexclusive investment advisory or investment management
services for the Trust or for any Series thereof with any corporation,
trust, association or other organization, including any Affiliate; and any
such contract may contain such other terms as the Board of Trustees may
determine, including without limitation, delegation of authority to the
Investment Adviser to determine from time to time without prior
consultation with the Board of Trustees what securities and other
instruments or property shall be purchased or otherwise acquired, owned,
held, invested or reinvested in, sold, exchanged, transferred, mortgaged,
pledged, assigned, negotiated, or otherwise dealt with or disposed of, and
what portion, if any, of the Trust Property shall be held uninvested and to
make changes in the Trust's or a particular Series' investments, or to
engage in such other activities, including administrative services, as may
specifically be delegated to such party.
(b) The Board of Trustees also, at any time and from time to time, may
contract with any Person, including any Affiliate, appointing it or them as
the exclusive or nonexclusive distributor or Principal Underwriter for the
shares of beneficial interest of the Trust or one or more of the Series or
Classes thereof, or for other securities or financial instruments to be
issued by the Trust, or appointing it or them to act as the administrator,
fund accountant or accounting agent, custodian, transfer agent, dividend
disbursing agent and/or shareholder servicing agent for the Trust or one or
more of the Series or Classes thereof.
(c) The Board of Trustees is further empowered, at any time and from
time to time, to contract with any Persons, including any Affiliates, to
provide such other services to the Trust or one or more of its Series, as
the Board of Trustees determines to be in the best interests of the Trust,
such Series and its Shareholders.
(d) None of the following facts or circumstances shall affect the
validity of any of the contracts provided for in this Article IV, Section 7
or disqualify any Shareholder, Trustee, employee or officer of the Trust
from voting upon or executing the same, or create any liability or
accountability to the Trust, any Series thereof or the Shareholders;
provided that the establishment of and performance of each such contract is
permissible under the 1940 Act, and provided further that such Person is
authorized to vote upon such contract under the 1940 Act:
(i) the fact that any of the Shareholders, Trustees, employees or
officers of the Trust is a shareholder, director, officer,
partner, trustee, employee, manager, Adviser, Principal
Underwriter, distributor, or Affiliate or agent of or for any
Person, or for any parent or Affiliate of any Person, with which
any type of service contract provided for in this Article IV,
Section 7 may have been or may hereafter be made, or that any
such Person, or any parent or Affiliate thereof, is a Shareholder
or has an interest in the Trust, or
(ii) the fact that any Person with which any type of service contract
provided for in this Article IV, Section 7 may have been or may
hereafter be made also has such a service contract with one or
more other Persons, or has other business or interests.
(e) Every contract referred to in this Section 7 is required to comply
with this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws, the 1940 Act, other applicable
law and any stipulation by resolution of the Board of Trustees.
ARTICLE V.
SHAREHOLDERS' VOTING POWERS AND MEETINGS
Section 1. Voting Powers. Subject to the provisions of Article III, Section
6 hereof, the Shareholders shall have the power to vote only (i) on such matters
required by this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws, the 1940 Act, other
applicable law and the Registration Statement of the Trust filed with the
Commission, the registration of which is effective; and (ii) on such other
matters as the Board of Trustees may consider necessary or desirable. Subject to
Article III hereof, the Shareholder of record (as of the record date established
pursuant to Section 4 of this Article V) of each Share shall be entitled to one
vote for each full Share, and a fractional vote for each fractional Share.
Shareholders shall not be entitled to cumulative voting in the election of
Trustees or on any other matter.
Section 2. Quorum and Required Vote.
(a) A majority of the Shares entitled to vote at a Shareholders'
meeting, which are present in person or represented by proxy, shall
constitute a quorum at the Shareholders' meeting, except when a larger
quorum is required by this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws, or applicable
law, in which case such quorum shall comply with such requirements. When a
separate vote by one or more Series or Classes is required, a majority of
the Shares of each such Series or Class entitled to vote at a Shareholders'
meeting of such Series or Class, which are present in person or represented
by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at the Shareholders' meeting of such
Series or Class, except when a larger quorum is required by this
Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws, or applicable law, in which case such
quorum shall comply with such requirements.
(b) Subject to any provision of this Declaration of Trust, the
By-Laws, the 1940 Act or other applicable law that requires a different
vote: (1) in all matters other than the election of Trustees, the
affirmative "vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities" (as
defined herein) of the Trust entitled to vote at a Shareholders' meeting at
which a quorum is present, shall be the act of the Shareholders; and (2)
Trustees shall be elected by not less than a plurality of the votes cast of
the holders of Shares entitled to vote present in person or represented by
proxy at a Shareholders' meeting at which a quorum is present. Pursuant to
Article III, Section 6(d) hereof, where a separate vote by Series and, if
applicable, by Class is required, the preceding sentence shall apply to
such separate votes by Series and Class.
(c) Abstentions and broker non-votes will be treated as votes present
at a Shareholders' meeting, but will not be treated as votes cast at such
meeting. Abstentions and broker non-votes, therefore, (i) will be included
for purposes of determining whether a quorum is present; (ii) will have no
effect on proposals that require a plurality or any percentage of votes
cast for approval; but (iii) will have the same effect as a vote "against"
on proposals requiring any percentage of the outstanding voting securities
of the Trust, Series or Class, as applicable, for approval.
Section 3. Shareholder Action by Written Consent Without a Meeting. Any
action that may be taken at any meeting of Shareholders may be taken without a
meeting and without prior notice if a consent or consents in writing setting
forth the action so taken is or are signed by the holders of a majority of the
Shares entitled to vote on such action (or such different proportion thereof as
shall be required by law, this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws for the
approval of such action), and is/are received by the secretary of the Trust,
either: (i) by the date set by resolution of the Board of Trustees for the
Shareholder to vote on such action; or (ii) if no date is set by resolution of
the Board, within 30 days after the record date for such action as determined by
reference to Article V, Section 4(b) hereof. The written consent for any such
action may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be
deemed an original, and all of which when taken together shall constitute one
and the same instrument. A consent transmitted by electronic transmission (as
defined in the DSTA) by a Shareholder or by a Person or Persons authorized to
act for a Shareholder shall be deemed to be written and signed for purposes of
this Section. All such consents shall be filed with the secretary of the Trust
and shall be maintained in the Trust's records. Any Shareholder that has given a
written consent or the Shareholder's proxyholder or a personal representative of
the Shareholder or its respective proxyholder may revoke the consent by a
writing received by the secretary of the Trust either: (i) before the date set
by resolution of the Board of Trustees for the shareholder vote on such action;
or (ii) if no date is set by resolution of the Board, within 30 days after the
record date for such action as determined by reference to Article V, Section
4(b) hereof.
Section 4. Record Dates.
(a) For purposes of determining the Shareholders entitled to notice
of, and to vote at, any meeting of Shareholders, the Board of Trustees may
fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which
the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Trustees,
and which record date shall not be more than one hundred and twenty (120)
days nor less than ten (10) days before the date of any such meeting. For
purposes of determining the Shareholders entitled to vote on any action
without a meeting, the Board of Trustees may fix a record date, which
record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the
record date is adopted by the Board of Trustees, and which record date
shall not be more than ninety (90) days after the date upon which the
resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Trustees.
(b) If the Board of Trustees does not so fix a record date:
(i) the record date for determining Shareholders entitled to notice
of, and to vote at, a meeting of Shareholders shall be at the
close of business on the day next preceding the day on which
notice is given or, if notice is waived, at the close of business
on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held;
and
(ii) the record date for determining Shareholders entitled to vote on
any action by consent in writing without a meeting of
Shareholders, (1) when no prior action by the Board of Trustees
has been taken, shall be the day on which the first signed
written consent setting forth the action taken is delivered to
the Trust, or (2) when prior action of the Board of Trustees has
been taken, shall be at the close of business on the day on which
the Board of Trustees adopts the resolution taking such prior
action.
(c) For the purpose of determining the Shareholders of the Trust or
any Series or Class thereof who are entitled to receive payment of any
dividend or of any other distribution of assets of the Trust or any Series
or Class thereof (other than in connection with a merger, consolidation,
conversion, or reorganization, which is governed by Article VIII of the
Declaration of Trust), the Board of Trustees may:
(i) from time to time fix a record date, which record date shall not
precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date
is adopted, and which record date shall not be more than sixty
(60) days before the date for the payment of such dividend and/or
such other distribution;
(ii) adopt standing resolutions fixing record dates and related
payment dates at periodic intervals of any duration for the
payment of such dividend and/or such other distribution; and/or
(iii)delegate to an appropriate officer or officers of the Trust the
determination of such periodic record and/or payments dates with
respect to such dividend and/or such other distribution.
Nothing in this Section shall be construed as precluding the Board of
Trustees from setting different record dates for different Series or Classes.
Section 5. Additional Provisions. The By-Laws may include further
provisions for Shareholders' votes, meetings and related matters.
ARTICLE VI.
NET ASSET VALUE; DISTRIBUTIONS;
REDEMPTIONS; TRANSFERS
Section 1. Determination of Net Asset Value, Net Income and Distributions.
(a) Subject to Article III, Section 6 hereof, the Board of Trustees
shall have the power to determine from time to time the offering price for
authorized, but unissued, shares of beneficial interest of the Trust or any
Series or Class thereof, respectively, that shall yield to the Trust or
such Series or Class not less than the net asset value thereof, in addition
to any amount of applicable sales charge to be paid to the Principal
Underwriter or the selling broker or dealer in connection with the sale of
such Shares, at which price the Shares of the Trust or such Series or
Class, respectively, shall be offered for sale, subject to any other
requirements or limitations of the 1940 Act.
(b) Subject to Article III, Section 6 hereof, the Board of Trustees,
subject to the 1940 Act, may prescribe and shall set forth in the By-Laws,
this Declaration of Trust or in a resolution of the Board of Trustees such
bases and time for determining the net asset value per Share of the Trust
or any Series or Class thereof, or net income attributable to the Shares of
the Trust or any Series or Class thereof or the declaration and payment of
dividends and distributions on the Shares of the Trust or any Series or
Class thereof, as the Board of Trustees may deem necessary or desirable,
and such dividends and distributions may vary between the Classes of a
Series to reflect differing allocations of the expenses of the Trust
between such Classes to such extent and for such purposes as the Trustees
may deem appropriate.
(c) The Shareholders of the Trust or any Series shall be entitled to
receive dividends and distributions, when, if and as declared by the Board
of Trustees with respect thereto. No Share shall have any priority or
preference over any other Share of the same Series with respect to
dividends or distributions paid in the ordinary course of business or
distributions upon dissolution of the Trust or of such Series made pursuant
to Article VIII, Section 1 hereof. All dividends and distributions shall be
made ratably among all Shareholders of the Trust or a particular Series
from the Trust Property held with respect to the Trust or such Series and
Class thereof, respectively, according to the number of Shares of such
Series held of record by such Shareholders on the record date for any
dividend or distribution. Dividends may be paid in cash or in kind.
(d) Before payment of any dividend there may be set aside out of any
funds of the Trust, or the applicable Series thereof, available for
dividends such sum(s) as the Board of Trustees, from time to time, may, in
its absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve fund to meet
contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining
any property of the Trust, or any Series thereof, or for such other lawful
purpose as the Board of Trustees shall deem to be in the best interests of
the Trust, or the applicable Series, as the case may be, and the Board of
Trustees may abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was
created.
Section 2. Redemptions at the Option of a Shareholder. Unless otherwise
provided in the Registration Statement of the Trust relating to the Shares, as
such Registration Statement may be amended from time to time:
(a) The Trust shall purchase such Shares as are offered by any
Shareholder for redemption upon the presentation of a proper instrument of
transfer together with a request directed to the Trust or a Person
designated by the Trust that the Trust purchase such Shares and/or in
accordance with such other procedures for redemption as the Board of
Trustees may from time to time authorize. If certificates have been issued
to a Shareholder, any request for redemption by such Shareholder must be
accompanied by surrender of any outstanding certificate or certificates for
such Shares in form for transfer, together with such proof of the
authenticity of signatures as may reasonably be required on such Shares and
accompanied by proper stock transfer stamps, if applicable.
(b) The Trust shall pay for such Shares the net asset value thereof
(excluding any applicable redemption fee), in accordance with this
Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws, the 1940 Act and other applicable law.
Payments for Shares so redeemed by the Trust shall be made in cash, except
payment for such Shares may, at the option of the Board of Trustees, or
such officer(s) as the Board of Trustees may duly authorize in its complete
discretion, be made in kind or partially in cash and partially in kind. In
case of any payment in kind, the Board of Trustees, or its authorized
officers, shall have absolute discretion as to what security or securities
of the Trust or the applicable Series shall be distributed in kind and the
amount of the same; and the securities shall be valued for purposes of
distribution at the value at which they were appraised in computing the
then current net asset value of the Shares; provided that any Shareholder
who cannot legally acquire securities so distributed in kind by reason of
the prohibitions of the 1940 Act or the provisions of the Employee
Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, or any other applicable
law, shall receive cash. Shareholders shall bear the expenses of in-kind
transactions, including, but not limited to, transfer agency fees,
custodian fees and costs of disposition of such securities.
(c) Payment by the Trust for such redemption of Shares shall be made
by the Trust to the Shareholder within seven days after the date on which
the redemption request is received in proper form and/or such other
procedures authorized by the Board of Trustees are complied with; provided,
however, that if payment shall be made other than exclusively in cash, any
securities to be delivered as part of such payment shall be delivered as
promptly as any necessary transfers of such securities on the books of the
several corporations whose securities are to be delivered practicably can
be made, which may not necessarily occur within such seven-day period. In
no case shall the Trust be liable for any delay of any corporation or other
Person in transferring securities selected for delivery as all or part of
any payment in kind.
(d) The obligations of the Trust set forth in this Section 2 are
subject to the provision that such obligations may be suspended or
postponed by the Board of Trustees (1) during any time the New York Stock
Exchange (the "Exchange") is closed for other than weekends or holidays;
(2) if permitted by the rules of the Commission, during periods when
trading on the Exchange is restricted; or (3) during any National Financial
Emergency. The Board of Trustees, in its discretion, may declare that the
suspension relating to a National Financial Emergency shall terminate, as
the case may be, on the first business day on which the Exchange shall have
reopened or the period specified above shall have expired (as to which, in
the absence of an official ruling by the Commission, the determination of
the Board of Trustees shall be conclusive).
(e) The right of any Shareholder of the Trust or any Series or Class
thereof to receive dividends or other distributions on Shares redeemed and
all other rights of such Shareholder with respect to the Shares so
redeemed, except the right of such Shareholder to receive payment for such
Shares, shall cease at the time the purchase price of such Shares shall
have been fixed, as provided above.
Section 3. Redemptions at the Option of the Trust. At the option of the
Board of Trustees, the Trust may, from time to time, without the vote of the
Shareholders, but subject to the 1940 Act, redeem Shares or authorize the
closing of any Shareholder account, subject to such conditions as may be
established, from time to time, by the Board of Trustees.
Section 4. Transfer of Shares. Shares shall be transferable in accordance
with the provisions of the By-Laws.
ARTICLE VII.
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
AND INDEMNIFICATION OF AGENT
Section 1. Limitation of Liability.
(a) For the purpose of this Article,
(i) "Agent" means any Person who is or was a Trustee, officer,
employee or other agent of the Trust or is or was serving at the
request of the Trust as a trustee, director, officer, employee or
other agent of another foreign or domestic corporation,
partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise;
(ii) "Disinterested Trustee" is one (x) who is not an "Interested
Person" of the Trust (as defined in the 1940 Act, including
anyone who has been exempted from being an "Interested Person" by
any rule, regulation or order of the Commission), and (y) against
whom none of such actions, suits or other Proceedings or another
action, suit or other Proceeding on the same or similar grounds
is then or had been pending;
(iii)"Expenses" include without limitation attorneys' fees and any
expenses of establishing a right to indemnification under this
Article; and
(iv) "Proceeding" means any threatened, pending or completed action or
proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or
investigative.
(b) An Agent, when acting in the Agent's capacity as such, shall be
liable to the Trust and to any Shareholder solely for such Agent's own
willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of
the duties involved in the conduct of such Agent (such conduct referred to
herein as "Disqualifying Conduct"), and for nothing else; and, subject to
the foregoing, a Trustee shall not be liable for errors of judgment or
mistakes of fact or law. Subject to the foregoing, and to the fullest
extent that limitations on the liability of Agents are permitted by the
DSTA or other applicable law, an Agent shall not be responsible or liable
in any event for any act, omission, neglect or wrongdoing of any other
Agent, and/or of any officer, employee, consultant, Investment Adviser,
Principal Underwriter, administrator, fund accountant or accounting agent,
custodian, transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent and/or shareholder
servicing agent of the Trust.
(c) No Agent, when acting in the Agent's capacity as such, shall be
personally liable to any Person, other than the Trust or a Shareholder to
the extent provided in subsections (b) of this Section 1, for any act,
omission or obligation of the Trust or any Trustee thereof.
(d) Each Trustee, officer and employee of the Trust shall, in the
performance of his or her duties, be fully and completely justified and
protected with regard to any act or any failure to act resulting from
reliance in good faith upon the books of account or other records of the
Trust, upon an opinion of counsel, or upon reports made to the Trust by any
of its officers or employees or by the Investment Adviser, the Principal
Underwriter, any other Agent, selected dealers, accountants, appraisers or
other experts or consultants selected with reasonable care by the Trustees,
officers or employees of the Trust, regardless of whether such counsel or
expert may also be a Trustee. The officers and Trustees may obtain the
advice of counsel or other experts with respect to the meaning and
operation of this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws, applicable law and
their respective duties as officers or Trustees. No such officer or Trustee
shall be liable for any act or omission in accordance with such advice,
records and/or reports and no inference concerning liability shall arise
from a failure to follow such advice, records and/or reports.
(e) The officers and Trustees shall not be required to give any bond
hereunder, nor any surety if a bond is required by applicable law.
(f) The limitation on liability contained in this Article applies to
events occurring at the time a Person serves as an Agent whether or not
such Person is an Agent at the time of any Proceeding in which liability is
asserted.
(g) No amendment or repeal of this Article shall adversely affect any
right or protection of an Agent that exists at the time of such amendment
or repeal.
Section 2. Indemnification.
(a) Indemnification by Trust. The Trust shall indemnify, out of Trust
Property, to the fullest extent permitted under applicable law, any Trustee
or officer of the Trust who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a
party to any Proceeding by reason of the fact that such Person is or was a
Trustee or officer of the Trust, against Expenses, judgments, fines,
settlements and other amounts actually and reasonably incurred in
connection with such Proceeding if such Person acted in good faith or in
the case of a criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the
conduct of such Person was unlawful. The termination of any Proceeding by
judgment, order or settlement shall not of itself create a presumption that
such Person did not act in good faith or that such Person had reasonable
cause to believe that such Person's conduct was unlawful.
(b) Exclusion of Indemnification. Notwithstanding any provision to the
contrary contained herein, there shall be no right to indemnification for
any liability arising by reason of the Disqualifying Conduct of the Trustee
or officer of the Trust, and in accordance therewith, no indemnification
shall be provided hereunder to a Trustee or officer of the Trust:
(i) against any liability to the Trust or the Shareholders by reason
of a final adjudication by the court or other body before which
the Proceeding was brought that the Trustee or officer engaged in
Disqualifying Conduct;
(ii) with respect to any matter as to which the Trustee or officer
shall have been finally adjudicated not to have acted in good
faith or in the reasonable belief that the action of the Trustee
or officer was in, or not opposed to, the best interest of the
Trust; or
(iii)in the event of a settlement or other disposition not involving
a final adjudication as provided in paragraphs (b)(i) or (b)(ii)
above resulting in a payment by a Trustee or officer, unless
there has been a determination that such Trustee or officer did
not engage in Disqualifying Conduct
(A) by the court or other body approving the settlement or other
disposition or by a reasonable determination, based upon a
review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full
trial-type inquiry) that the Trustee or officer did not
engage in such conduct;
(B) by vote of a majority of the Disinterested Trustees acting
on the matter (provided that a majority of the Disinterested
Trustees then in office act on the matter); or
(C) by written opinion of independent legal counsel.
(c) Required Approval. Any indemnification under this Article shall be
made by the Trust if authorized in the specific case on a determination
that indemnification of the Trustee or officer is proper in the
circumstances by a majority vote of Disinterested Trustees then in office,
even though such number of Trustees shall be less than a quorum; a
committee of such Trustees designated by majority vote of such
Disinterested Trustees then in office even though such number of Trustees
shall be less than a quorum; or by independent legal counsel in a written
opinion.
(d) Indemnification by Trust of Agents. Agents and employees of the
Trust who are not Trustees or officers of the Trust may be indemnified
under the same standards and procedures described above, at the discretion
of the Trustees.
(e) Advancement of Expenses. Expenses incurred by an Agent in
defending any Proceeding may be advanced by the Trust before the final
disposition of the Proceeding on receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf
of the Agent to repay the amount of the advance if it shall be determined
ultimately that the Agent is not entitled to be indemnified as authorized
in this Article; provided that either:
(i) such undertaking is secured by a surety bond or some other
appropriate security or the Trust shall be insured against losses
arising out of any such advances; or
(ii) a majority of the Disinterested Trustees acting on the matter
(provided that a majority of the Disinterested Trustees then in
office act on the matter) or an independent legal counsel in a
written opinion, shall determine, based upon a review of readily
available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry), that
there is reason to believe that the recipient ultimately will be
found entitled to indemnification.
(f) Other Contractual Rights. Nothing contained in this Article shall
affect any right to indemnification to which Persons may be entitled by
contract, to the extent not inconsistent with applicable law, or otherwise
under law. Nothing contained in this Article shall affect the power of the
Trust to purchase and maintain liability insurance on behalf of any such
Person. As used in this Article, Trustee or officer shall include such
Person's heirs, executors and administrators.
(i) Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained herein,
the terms and conditions of any contract entered into between the
Trust and any independent contractor that is or may be deemed an
Agent, as a consequence of providing services or products to the
Trust pursuant to such contract, shall take precedence over the
provisions of this Article and govern with respect to
(A) the liability of such independent contractor to the Trust,
any Shareholder or any other Person,
(B) the indemnification of, or advancement of Expenses to, such
independent contractor by the Trust, and
(C) any other contractual rights or obligations of such
independent contractor under such contract
to the extent that the provisions of, and the rights and
obligations under, such contract are in conflict with, or
are not addressed by, the provisions of this Article.
(ii) All Persons extending credit to, contracting with or having any
claim against the Trust shall look only to the assets of the
Trust for payment under such credit, contract or claim; and
neither the Shareholders nor the Trustees, nor any of the Trust's
officers, employees or Agents, whether past, present or future,
shall be personally liable therefor. Every obligation, contract,
instrument, certificate, Share, other security of the Trust or
undertaking, and every other act or thing whatsoever executed in
connection with the Trust shall be conclusively presumed to have
been executed or done by the executors thereof only in their
capacity as Trustees of the Trust or in their capacity as
officers, employees or Agents of the Trust and not personally.
(g) Presumption. Each Person seeking indemnification or advancement of
Expenses shall be afforded a rebuttable presumption that such Person has
not engaged in disabling conduct.
Section 3. Insurance. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law,
the Board of Trustees shall have the authority to purchase, with Trust Property,
insurance for liability and for all Expenses reasonably incurred or paid or
expected to be paid by an Agent in connection with any Proceeding in which such
Agent becomes involved by virtue of such Agent's actions, or omissions to act,
in its capacity or former capacity with the Trust, whether or not the Trust
would have the power to indemnify such Agent against such liability.
Section 4. Derivative Actions. Subject to the requirements set forth in
Section 3816 of the DSTA, a Shareholder or Shareholders may bring a derivative
action on behalf of the Trust only if (i) such Shareholder or Shareholders own
not less than 25% of the Shares, and (ii) such Shareholder or Shareholders first
make a pre-suit demand upon the Board of Trustees to bring the subject action
unless an effort to cause the Board of Trustees to bring such action is excused.
A demand on the Board of Trustees shall only be excused if a majority of the
Board of Trustees, or a majority of any committee established to consider the
merits of such action, has a material personal financial interest in the action
at issue. A Trustee shall not be deemed to have a material personal financial
interest in an action or otherwise be disqualified from ruling on a Shareholder
demand by virtue of the fact that such Trustee receives remuneration from his or
her service on the Board of Trustees of the Trust or on the boards of one or
more investment companies with the same or an affiliated Investment Adviser or
Principal Underwriter.
ARTICLE VIII.
CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS
Section 1. Dissolution of Trust or Series. The Trust and each Series shall
have perpetual existence, except that the Trust (or a particular Series) shall
be dissolved:
(a) With respect to the Trust, (i) upon the vote of the holders of not
less than a majority of the Shares of the Trust entitled to vote, or (ii)
at the discretion of the Board of Trustees, either (A) at any time there
are no Shares outstanding of the Trust, or (B) upon at least thirty (30)
days' prior written notice to the Shareholders of the Trust; or
(b) With respect to a particular Series, (i) upon the vote of the
holders of not less than a majority of the Shares of such Series entitled
to vote, or (ii) at the discretion of the Board of Trustees, either (A) at
any time there are no Shares outstanding of such Series, or (B) upon at
least thirty (30) days' prior written notice to the Shareholders of such
Series; or
(c) With respect to the Trust (or a particular Series), upon the
occurrence of a dissolution or termination event pursuant to any other
provision of this Declaration of Trust (including Article VIII Section 2)
or the DSTA; or
(d) With respect to any Series, upon any event that causes the
dissolution of the Trust.
Upon dissolution of the Trust (or a particular Series, as the case may be),
the Board of Trustees shall (in accordance with Section 3808 of the DSTA) pay or
make reasonable provision to pay all claims and obligations of the Trust and/or
each Series (or the particular Series, as the case may be), including all
contingent, conditional or unmatured claims and obligations known to the Trust,
and all claims and obligations that are known to the Trust, but for which the
identity of the claimant is unknown. If there are sufficient assets held with
respect to the Trust and/or each Series of the Trust (or the particular Series,
as the case may be), such claims and obligations shall be paid in full and any
such provisions for payment shall be made in full. If there are insufficient
assets held with respect to the Trust and/or each Series of the Trust (or the
particular Series, as the case may be), such claims and obligations shall be
paid or provided for according to their priority and, among claims and
obligations of equal priority, ratably to the extent of assets available
therefor. Any remaining assets (including, without limitation, cash, securities
or any combination thereof) held with respect to the Trust and/or each Series of
the Trust (or the particular Series, as the case may be) shall be distributed to
the Shareholders of the Trust and/or each Series of the Trust (or the particular
Series, as the case may be) ratably according to the number of Shares of the
Trust and/or such Series thereof (or the particular Series, as the case may be)
held of record by the several Shareholders, on the date for such dissolution
distribution; provided, however, that if the Shares of a Series are divided into
Classes thereof, any remaining assets (including, without limitation, cash,
securities or any combination thereof) held with respect to such Series shall be
distributed to each Class of such Series according to the net asset value
computed for such Class and within such particular Class, shall be distributed
ratably to the Shareholders of such Class according to the number of Shares of
such Class held of record by the several Shareholders on the date for such
dissolution distribution. Upon the winding up of the Trust in accordance with
Section 3808 of the DSTA and its termination, any one (1) Trustee shall execute,
and cause to be filed, a certificate of cancellation, with the office of the
Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in accordance with the provisions of
Sections 3810, 3811 and 3812 of the DSTA.
Section 2. Merger or Consolidation; Conversion; Reorganization; Transfer or
Continuance.
(a) Merger or Consolidation. Pursuant to an agreement of merger or
consolidation, the Board of Trustees, by vote of a majority of the
Trustees, may cause the Trust to merge or consolidate with or into one or
more statutory trusts or "other business entities" (as defined in Section
3801 of the DSTA) formed or organized or existing under the laws of the
State of Delaware or any other state of the United States or any foreign
country or other foreign jurisdiction. Any such merger or consolidation
shall not require the vote of the Shareholders unless such vote is required
by the 1940 Act; provided, however, that the Board of Trustees shall
provide at least thirty (30) days' prior written notice to the Shareholders
of such merger or consolidation. By reference to Section 3815(f) of the
DSTA, any agreement of merger or consolidation approved in accordance with
this Section 2(a) may, without a Shareholder vote, unless required by the
1940 Act, or any other provision of this Declaration of Trust or the
By-Laws, effect any amendment to this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws
or effect the adoption of a new governing instrument if the Trust is the
surviving or resulting statutory trust in the merger or consolidation,
which amendment or new governing instrument shall be effective at the
effective time or date of the merger or consolidation. In all respects not
governed by the DSTA, the 1940 Act, or other applicable law, the Board of
Trustees shall have the power to prescribe additional procedures necessary
or appropriate to accomplish a merger or consolidation, including the power
to create one or more separate statutory trusts to which all or any part of
the assets, liabilities, profits or losses of the Trust may be transferred
and to provide for the conversion of Shares into beneficial interests in
such separate statutory trust or trusts. Upon completion of the merger or
consolidation, if the Trust is the surviving or resulting statutory trust,
any one (1) Trustee shall execute, and cause to be filed, a certificate of
merger or consolidation in accordance with Sections 3811, 3812 and 3815 of
the DSTA.
(b) Conversion. The Board of Trustees, by vote of a majority of the
Trustees, may cause (i) the Trust to convert to an "other business entity"
(as defined in Section 3801 of the DSTA) as permitted pursuant to Section
3821 of the DSTA; (ii) the Shares of the Trust or any Series to be
converted into beneficial interests in another statutory trust (or series
thereof) created pursuant to this Section 2 of this Article VIII; or (iii)
the Shares to be exchanged under or pursuant to any state or federal
statute to the extent permitted by law. Any such statutory conversion,
Share conversion or Share exchange shall not require the vote of the
Shareholders unless such vote is required by the 1940 Act; provided,
however, that the Board of Trustees shall provide at least thirty (30)
days' prior written notice to the Shareholders of the Trust of any
conversion of Shares of the Trust pursuant to Subsections (b)(i) or (b)(ii)
of this Section 2 or exchange of Shares of the Trust pursuant to Subsection
(b)(iii) of this Section 2, and at least thirty (30) days' prior written
notice to the Shareholders of a particular Series of any conversion of
Shares of such Series pursuant to Subsection (b)(ii) of this Section 2 or
exchange of Shares of such Series pursuant to Subsection (b)(iii) of this
Section 2. Upon receipt of the approval necessary to convert the Trust to
an "other business entity" pursuant to Subsection (b)(i) above, any one (1)
Trustee shall execute, and cause to be filed, a certificate of conversion
with the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in
accordance with Sections 3811, 3812 and 3821 of the DSTA. In all respects
not governed by the DSTA, the 1940 Act, or other applicable law, the Board
of Trustees shall have the power to prescribe additional procedures
necessary or appropriate to accomplish a statutory conversion, Share
conversion or Share exchange, including the power to create one or more
separate statutory trusts to which all or any part of the assets,
liabilities, profits or losses of the Trust may be transferred and to
provide for the conversion of Shares of the Trust or any Series thereof
into beneficial interests in such separate statutory trust or trusts (or
series thereof).
(c) Reorganization. The Board of Trustees, by vote of a majority of
the Trustees, may cause the Trust to sell, convey and transfer all or
substantially all of the assets of the Trust ("sale of Trust assets") or
all or substantially all of the assets associated with any one or more
Series ("sale of such Series' assets"), to another trust, statutory trust,
partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, corporation or
other association organized under the laws of any state, or to one or more
separate series thereof, or to the Trust to be held as assets associated
with one or more other Series of the Trust, in exchange for cash, shares or
other securities (including, without limitation, in the case of a transfer
to another Series of the Trust, Shares of such other Series) with such
sale, conveyance and transfer either (a) being made subject to, or with the
assumption by the transferee of, the liabilities associated with the Trust
or the liabilities associated with the Series the assets of which are so
transferred, as applicable, or (b) not being made subject to, or not with
the assumption of, such liabilities. Any such sale, conveyance and transfer
shall not require the vote of the Shareholders, unless such vote is
required by the 1940 Act; provided, however, that the Board of Trustees
shall provide at least thirty (30) days' prior written notice to the
Shareholders of the Trust of any such sale of Trust assets, and at least
thirty (30) days' prior written notice to the Shareholders of a particular
Series of any sale of such Series' assets. Following such sale of Trust
assets, the Board of Trustees shall distribute such cash, shares or other
securities ratably among the Shareholders of the Trust (giving due effect
to the assets and liabilities associated with and any other differences
among the various Series the assets associated with which have been so
sold, conveyed and transferred, and due effect to the differences among the
various classes within each such Series). Following a sale of such Series'
assets, the Board of Trustees shall distribute such cash, shares or other
securities ratably among the Shareholders of such Series (giving due effect
to the differences among the various classes within each such Series). If
all of the assets of the Trust have been so sold, conveyed and transferred,
the Trust shall be dissolved, and if all of the assets of a Series have
been so sold, conveyed and transferred, such Series shall be dissolved. In
all respects not governed by the DSTA, the 1940 Act or other applicable
law, the Board of Trustees shall have the power to prescribe additional
procedures necessary or appropriate to accomplish such sale, conveyance and
transfer, including the power to create one or more separate statutory
trusts to which all or any part of the assets, liabilities, profits or
losses of the Trust may be transferred and to provide for the conversion of
Shares into beneficial interests in such separate statutory trust or
trusts.
(d) Transfer or Continuance. Pursuant to Section 3823 of the DSTA, the
Board of Trustees, by vote of a majority of the Trustees, may cause the
Trust to transfer to or domesticate in any jurisdiction, other than any
state, and in connection therewith, may elect to continue the Trust's
existence as a statutory trust in the State of Delaware. Any such transfer,
domestication or continuance shall not require the vote of the Shareholders
unless such vote is required by the 1940 Act; provided, however, that the
Board of Trustees shall provide at least thirty (30) days' prior written
notice to the Shareholders of the Trust of any such transfer, domestication
or continuance. Upon receipt of the approval necessary for such transfer,
domestication or continuance, any one (1) Trustee shall execute, and cause
to be filed, a certificate of transfer, if the Trust's existence as a
statutory trust in the State of Delaware is to cease, or a certificate of
transfer and continuance if the Trust's existence as a statutory trust in
the State of Delaware is to continue, in accordance with Sections 3811,
3812 and 3823 of the DSTA.
Section 3. Master Feeder Structure. If permitted by the 1940 Act, the Board
of Trustees, by vote of a majority of the Trustees, and without a Shareholder
vote, may cause the Trust or any one or more Series to convert to a master
feeder structure (a structure in which a feeder fund invests all of its assets
in a master fund, rather than making investments in securities directly) and
thereby cause existing Series of the Trust to either become feeders to a master
fund, or to become master funds to which other funds are feeders.
Section 4. Absence of Appraisal or Dissenters' Rights. No Shareholder shall
be entitled, as a matter of right, to relief as a dissenting Shareholder in
respect of any proposal or action involving the Trust or any Series or Class
thereof.
ARTICLE IX.
AMENDMENTS
Section 1. Amendments Generally. This Declaration of Trust may be restated
and/or amended at any time by an instrument in writing signed by not less than a
majority of the Board of Trustees and, to the extent required by this
Declaration of Trust or the 1940 Act, by approval of such amendment by the
Shareholders in accordance with Article III, Section 6(d) hereof and Article V
hereof. Any such restatement and/or amendment hereto shall be effective
immediately upon execution and approval or upon such future date and time as may
be stated therein. The Certificate of Trust shall be restated and/or amended at
any time by the Board of Trustees, without Shareholder approval, to make any
change therein to conform the Certificate of Trust to any amendment in the
Declaration of Trust or By-Laws or to correct any inaccuracy contained in the
Certificate of Trust. Any such restatement and/or amendment of the Certificate
of Trust shall be executed by at least one (1) Trustee and shall be effective
immediately upon its filing with the office of the Secretary of State of the
State of Delaware or upon such future date as may be stated therein.
ARTICLE X.
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 1. References; Headings; Counterparts. In this Declaration of Trust
and in any restatement hereof and/or amendment hereto, references to this
instrument, and all expressions of similar effect to "herein," "hereof' and
"hereunder," shall be deemed to refer to this Declaration of Trust as so
restated and/or amended, rather than the article or section in which such words
appear. Headings are placed herein for convenience of reference only and shall
not be taken as a part hereof or control or affect the meaning, construction or
effect of this instrument. Whenever the singular number is used herein, the same
shall include the plural; and the neuter, masculine and feminine genders shall
include each other, as applicable. Any references herein to specific sections of
the DSTA, the Code or the 1940 Act shall refer to such sections as amended from
time to time or any successor sections thereof. This instrument may be executed
in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, and
such counterparts, together, shall constitute one and the same instrument, which
shall be sufficiently evidenced by any such original counterpart.
Section 2. Applicable Law. This Declaration of Trust is executed by all of
the Trustees and delivered with reference to the DSTA and the laws of the State
of Delaware, and the rights of all parties and the validity and construction of
every provision hereof shall be subject to and construed according to the DSTA
and the laws of the State of Delaware (unless and to the extent otherwise
provided for and/or preempted by the Code, the 1940 Act or other applicable
federal securities laws); provided, however, that there shall not be applicable
to the Trust, the Trustees or this Declaration of Trust: (a) the provisions of
Section 3540 of Title 12 of the Delaware Code, or (b) any provisions of the laws
(statutory or common) of the State of Delaware (other than the DSTA) pertaining
to trusts that are inconsistent with the rights, duties, powers, limitations or
liabilities of the Trustees set forth or referenced in this Declaration of
Trust. The Trust shall be a Delaware statutory trust pursuant to the DSTA, and
without limiting the provisions hereof, the Trust may exercise all powers that
are ordinarily exercised by a statutory trust.
Section 3. Provisions in Conflict with Law or Regulations.
(a) The provisions of this Declaration of Trust are severable, and if
the Board of Trustees shall determine, with the advice of counsel, that any
of such provisions is in conflict with the 1940 Act, the Code, the DSTA, or
with other applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting provision shall
be deemed not to have constituted a part of this Declaration of Trust from
the time when such provisions became inconsistent with such laws or
regulations; provided, however, that such determination shall not affect
any of the remaining provisions of this Declaration of Trust or render
invalid or improper any action taken or omitted prior to such
determination.
(b) If any provision of this Declaration of Trust shall be held
invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, such invalidity or
unenforceability shall attach only to such provision in such jurisdiction
and shall not in any manner affect such provision in any other jurisdiction
or any other provision of this Declaration of Trust in any jurisdiction.
Section 4. Statutory Trust Only. It is the intention of the Trustees to
create hereby a statutory trust pursuant to the DSTA, and thereby to create the
relationship of trustee and beneficial owner within the meaning of the DSTA
between, respectively, the Trustees and each Shareholder. It is not the
intention of the Trustees to create a general or limited partnership, limited
liability company, joint stock association, corporation, bailment, or any form
of legal relationship other than a statutory trust pursuant to the DSTA, except
to the extent such trust (or any Series and Class thereof) is deemed to
constitute a partnership or an association taxable as a corporation under the
Code and applicable by-laws. Nothing in this Declaration of Trust shall be
construed to make the Shareholders, either by themselves or with the Trustees,
partners or members of a joint stock association, except to the extent such
trust (or Series and Class thereof) is deemed to constitute a partnership or an
association taxable as a corporation under the Code and applicable state tax
laws. Nothing in this Declaration of Trust shall be construed to make the
Shareholders, either by themselves or with the Trustees, partners or members of
a joint stock association except to the extent such Shareholders are deemed to
be partners or shareholders under the Code and applicable state tax laws.
Section 5. Use of Names. The Board of Trustees expressly agrees and
acknowledges that the name "MGI" is the sole property of ▇▇▇▇▇▇ Global
Investments, Inc. ("Mercer"). Mercer has granted to the Trust a non-exclusive
license to use such name as part of the names of the Trust and the Series, now
and in the future. The Board of Trustees further expressly agrees and
acknowledges that the non-exclusive license granted herein may be terminated by
Mercer if the Trust ceases to use Mercer or one of its Affiliates as Investment
Adviser or to use other Affiliates or successors of Mercer for such purposes. In
such event, the nonexclusive license may be revoked by Mercer, and the Trust
shall cease using the name "MGI," or any name misleadingly implying a continuing
relationship between the Trust and Mercer or any of its Affiliates, as part of
its name unless otherwise consented to by Mercer or any successor to its
interests in such names.
The Board of Trustees further understands and agrees that so long as Mercer
and/or any future advisory Affiliate of Mercer shall continue to serve as the
Trust's Investment Adviser, other registered open- or closed-end investment
companies ("funds") as may be sponsored or advised by Mercer or its Affiliates
shall have the right permanently to adopt and to use the name "MGI" in their
names and in the names of any series or class of shares of such funds.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trustees named below do hereby make and enter into
this Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust as of the date
first written above.
/s/▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
/s/▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇
/s/▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇
/S/▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇.
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇.
THE PRINCIPAL PLACE OF BUSINESS OF THE TRUST IS
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇