{"component": "clause", "props": {"groups": [{"size": 2, "snippet": "\u200c The remainder of the thesis is structured as follows. Chapter 2 presents background material and theories that are necessary for the development of our imaging algorithms and its validation and testing. Chapter 3 presents our novel microwave breast imaging algorithm based on an optimised two-step iterative shrinkage/thresholding method. Following that Chapter 4 presents an implementation of the multiple-frequency approach for MWI in various resolutions. Moreover, several improvement strategies based on the multiple-frequency DBIM-TwIST algorithm are presented in Chapter 5. Finally, Chapter 6 presents initial results from the application of the algorithm to data from a MWI experimental prototype. Chapter 2\u200c", "snippet_links": [{"key": "chapter-2", "type": "clause", "offset": [56, 65]}, {"key": "background-material", "type": "definition", "offset": [75, 94]}, {"key": "necessary-for", "type": "definition", "offset": [117, 130]}, {"key": "development-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [135, 149]}, {"key": "validation-and-testing", "type": "clause", "offset": [181, 203]}, {"key": "chapter-3", "type": "definition", "offset": [205, 214]}, {"key": "based-on", "type": "clause", "offset": [269, 277]}, {"key": "chapter-4", "type": "definition", "offset": [356, 365]}, {"key": "chapter-5", "type": "definition", "offset": [571, 580]}, {"key": "application-of-the", "type": "clause", "offset": [635, 653]}], "samples": [{"hash": "hTvf6T7yvzo", "uri": "/contracts/hTvf6T7yvzo#thesis-structure", "label": "End User License Agreement", "score": 20.961670089, "published": true}, {"hash": "8fUcfKbivmF", "uri": "/contracts/8fUcfKbivmF#thesis-structure", "label": "End User License Agreement", "score": 20.961670089, "published": true}], "hash": "357abedfc1f5657483730fe5ce691f3b", "id": 1}, {"size": 1, "snippet": "The thesis explores the shaping of officers\u2019 perceived psychological contracts through the HR practices of appraisal, career management and compensation. This research contributes to the extant literature and the unique nature of the exchange relationships experienced by military officers. The research was conducted using a case study approach involving documentary analysis and a series of interviews with officers and practitioners within the ADF over several years. Chapter 2 will describe these methods in detail as well as the analytical framework used and will justify this approach to data gathering and analysis. In Chapter 3 , the literature on the psychological contract and relevant research in the HRM field is reviewed. In critically reviewing the development of the psychological contract concept and empirical research, the chapter will identify the four key issues to be explored in the thesis: (1) type, (2) employer agent, (3) employer obligations and breach, and (4) reciprocity. The thesis also explores the concept of balanced psychological contracts (\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587 2007). The review will then address the debates within the literature specific to performance appraisal, careers and career management, and compensation, posing relevant research sub- questions for each. Chapter 4 , provides the context for the thesis. It outlines relevant aspects of the employment relationship for officers and how this has developed over recent years. This will reveal the ways in which organisational reforms in the ADF have signalled a shift from a more relational psychological contract to a more transactional contract. It introduces the broad HRM system operating in the ADF. Chapters 5 and 6 outline the empirical findings in relation to the performance appraisal practices. Chapter 5 examines how goal setting, feedback and performance assessment processes operate in the ADF. The extent to which social networks and status influence performance outcomes will also be addressed. Chapter 6 explores how these practices were perceived by the officers in terms of the exchange relationship within their psychological contracts and the impact on their attitudes and behaviours. Chapters 7 and 8 provide the findings in relation to careers and career management practices for officers. Chapter 7 explores how career management agencies have assisted officers in managing their careers and the activities engaged in by officers themselves to advance their careers in their Service. The matter of whether career advancement as purported by the officers reflects sponsorship or contest norms of upward mobility will also be explored (\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587 1960). Chapter 8 considers how officers\u2019 perceptions of changes in their psychological contracts in relation to career management impacted their attitudes and behaviours. Chapters 9 and 10 explore developments in compensation practices for ADF officers. Chapter 9 examines the ADF\u2019s compensation practices and how they have influenced officers\u2019 perceptions of procedural and distributive fairness. Chapter 10 explores how these compensation practices have altered officers\u2019 perceptions of their psychological contract with their ADF employer. Chapter 11 analyses the findings of the empirical chapters and discusses the contribution the thesis makes to the existing literature. Chapter 12 concludes the thesis by highlighting the key findings and discussing their limitations, but also identifying areas for future research. The following chapter provides a detailed explanation of the methods applied in contributing to current knowledge, including underpinning epistemological assumptions. Introduction\u200c\u200c This chapter outlines the methods applied in the thesis to explore how officers\u2019 psychological contracts are shaped through the ADF\u2019s performance appraisal, career management and compensation practices. The description explores the underpinning research philosophy through to the details of each aspect of the research design. The purpose of this is threefold. First, it is necessary to justify the choices made in terms of research design so as to establish the contribution made by the thesis. Second, it affords the reader an understanding of the process that led to the findings of the thesis so that the conclusions can be read in this light. Third, it forms part of the contribution of the thesis by documenting the challenges and successes experienced in applying the methods chosen so that future researchers might benefit from these insights. As such, this chapter is considered an essential part of the thesis. The chapter structure reflects the standard chronology of the research process. The first section defines qualitative research and the associated epistemological and ontological assumptions that support this approach. This section will also identify the contribution to be made by qualitative research to the study of human resource management, contrasting this to the more prevalent quantitative research approaches in this discipline. The second section will discuss the case study approach applied in the thesis and the particular advantages and disadvantages of such research compared to other forms of qualitative research. The third section explains the particular interview techniques applied and the sample used. Within this section, the ethical considerations of such interviews will be addressed as well as the approach taken to gaining and maintaining access. The fourth addresses the documentary evidence gathered. 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"the-data", "type": "clause", "offset": [5534, 5542]}, {"key": "justification-for", "type": "clause", "offset": [5567, 5584]}, {"key": "selection-of-the", "type": "clause", "offset": [5589, 5605]}, {"key": "employment-relationships", "type": "clause", "offset": [5685, 5709]}], "samples": [{"hash": "ggoxQCuqKs9", "uri": "/contracts/ggoxQCuqKs9#thesis-structure", "label": "Doctoral Thesis Submission Agreement", "score": 21.4394250513, "published": true}], "hash": "1988f2e5c7540144173fbc442ad9a7f2", "id": 2}, {"size": 1, "snippet": "In conclusion, this chapter establishes the foundation for the study, highlighting the signifi- cance of AfCFTA in the context of economic integration and SCM. It positions Kenya as a key case study and outlines the objectives, research questions, limitations, and significance of the research, setting the stage for a comprehensive exploration of AfCFTA's impact in subsequent chapters.", "snippet_links": [{"key": "in-conclusion", "type": "clause", "offset": [0, 13]}, {"key": "this-chapter", "type": "definition", "offset": [15, 27]}, {"key": "the-foundation", "type": "clause", "offset": [40, 54]}, {"key": "the-study", "type": "definition", "offset": [59, 68]}, {"key": "the-context", "type": "clause", "offset": [115, 126]}, {"key": "economic-integration", "type": "clause", "offset": [130, 150]}, {"key": "case-study", "type": "definition", "offset": [188, 198]}, {"key": "the-objectives", "type": "clause", "offset": [212, 226]}, {"key": "research-questions", "type": "clause", "offset": [228, 246]}, {"key": "significance-of-the-research", "type": "clause", "offset": [265, 293]}], "samples": [{"hash": "fDCcDP5hUID", "uri": "/contracts/fDCcDP5hUID#thesis-structure", "label": "Thesis", "score": 33.4959890196, "published": true}], "hash": "3838aa28969a9bc9257e5ce37510b570", "id": 3}, {"size": 1, "snippet": "In chapter 2, the literature review introduces theories/ideas from Western sociologists of religion about religious recruitment/conversion and (semi-) official LDS writers and independent scholars about LDS recruitment/conversion. All these theories/ideas shed light on my four main research issues: how the wider Polish social world; a person\u2019s pre-LDS background; LDS religious training; and LDS interaction may help or hinder Polish LDS recruitment/conversion. In chapter 3, I discuss the qualitative research methods/techniques that I used to investigate and interpret how Polish converts move towards LDS baptism and become different types of LDS converts, and how LTIs refrain from becoming LDS. Regarding the Warsaw LDS field where I did my research, in chapter 4, I mainly describe events that take place and different participants who co-exist inside the two Warsaw branches. During chapters 5-8, I report on themes/topics relating to my four main research issues which emerged from my data; relate these findings back to theories/ideas from chapters 1-2; and discuss how my findings illuminated my understanding of the main issues. I start weaving things together in chapter 9 through comparing/contrasting the opinions of the different Polish LDS convert and LTI groups on the most significant findings from my research. Here, my data interpretation moves away from describing many themes/topics to more strictly defining central principles at play during Polish LDS recruitment/conversion. In chapter 10, I increasingly refer to my own insights gained from working inside the Warsaw LDS field and living in Warsaw, which helps me to build up a final overview/interpretation of Polish LDS recruitment/conversion.", "snippet_links": [{"key": "chapter-2", "type": "clause", "offset": [3, 12]}, {"key": "literature-review", "type": "clause", "offset": [18, 35]}, {"key": "a-person", "type": "clause", "offset": [335, 343]}, {"key": "chapter-3", "type": "definition", "offset": [467, 476]}, {"key": "qualitative-research-methods", "type": "clause", "offset": [492, 520]}, {"key": "types-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [639, 647]}, {"key": "chapter-4", "type": "definition", "offset": [761, 770]}, {"key": "relating-to", "type": "definition", "offset": [932, 943]}, {"key": "chapter-9", "type": "definition", "offset": [1177, 1186]}, {"key": "data-interpretation", "type": "clause", "offset": [1341, 1360]}, {"key": "refer-to", "type": "definition", "offset": [1532, 1540]}, {"key": "living-in", "type": "definition", "offset": [1609, 1618]}, {"key": "interpretation-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [1671, 1688]}], "samples": [{"hash": "iZzkEuKCplt", "uri": "/contracts/iZzkEuKCplt#thesis-structure", "label": "N/A", "score": 31.9882725664, "published": true}], "hash": "6a6d0fec127e3e2ee752fedafd4a5f4e", "id": 4}, {"size": 1, "snippet": "\u200c The remainder of this thesis is structured as follows. \u2022 Chapter 2, Background Introduces the necessary technical background for the following chapters. We review the background literature. \u2022 Chapter 3 Demonstrates a relationship between the domain and the performance of dialogue systems. Specifically, we investigate how the similarity of agents\u2019 beliefs (e.g., the way in which arguments in an argumentation framework are dis- tributed between agents) correlates with the likelihood that the agents are able to reach an agreement by engaging in a deliberation dialogue. The content of this chapter has been published in [78]. \u2022 Chapter 4 Reinforces the existence of the relationship evidenced in the previous chapter by considering how the the low-level properties of a framework can af- fect the performance of an argumentation system. Specifically, we consider the effect of structures of generalised argumentation frameworks on key properties which are known to affect argumentation systems. We investigate structures of \u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587-style frameworks, as well as two generalisations: extended argumentation frameworks that allow arguments to attack attack relations in order to express pref- erences, and collective-attack frameworks that allow sets of attacking arguments. We consider two case-studies based on existing argumentation systems, relating to statistical-model selection and clinical trials. The content of this chapter has been published in [81]. \u2022 Chapter 5 Recent works consider mechanisms for determining an optimal strat- egy for persuading an agent of some particular goal argument. However, comput- ing such optimal strategies is expensive, swiftly becoming impractical as the num- ber of arguments increases. In response, we present a strategy that uses heuristic information of the domain arguments and can be computed with high numbers of arguments. Our results show that not only is the heuristic strategy fast to compute, it also performs significantly better than a random strategy. The content of this chapter has been published in [79]. \u2022 Chapter 6 We explore a one-to-many persuasion setting, where a persuader presents arguments to a multi-party audience, aiming to convince them of some particular goal argument. The individual audience members each have differing personal knowledge, which they use, together with the arguments presented by the per- suader, to determine whether they are convinced of the goal. The persuader must, therefore, carefully consider which arguments to assert, in order to maximise the number of convinced audience members. For reasonably sized problems with multiple audience members, it is computationally infeasible to search the space of all possible strategies. Instead, we use techniques from search-based model engi- neering to allow us to find an effective strategy for the persuader. We investigate performance of our approach on a range of settings, and in our evaluation we con- sider different structures and sizes of argumentation framework as well as varying the size of the audience and of the audience members\u2019 personal knowledge bases. Furthermore, we show that the approach is flexible enough to support multiple persuader objectives, allowing us to find persuader strategies that aim to minimise the number of arguments that are asserted while still maximising the number of convinced audience members. The content of this chapter is to appear in [80]. \u2022 Chapter 7, Conclusion A discussion of the main contributions of this thesis, and directions for further study. Chapter 2 Background\u200c", "snippet_links": [{"key": "chapter-2", "type": "clause", "offset": [59, 68]}, {"key": "technical-background", "type": "clause", "offset": [106, 126]}, {"key": "the-background", "type": "clause", "offset": [165, 179]}, {"key": "chapter-3", "type": "definition", "offset": [194, 203]}, {"key": "relationship-between-the", "type": "clause", "offset": [219, 243]}, {"key": "the-performance", "type": "clause", "offset": [255, 270]}, {"key": "the-agents", "type": "definition", "offset": [493, 503]}, {"key": "an-agreement", "type": "clause", "offset": [522, 534]}, {"key": "engaging-in", "type": "definition", "offset": [538, 549]}, {"key": "the-content", "type": "clause", "offset": [575, 586]}, {"key": "this-chapter", "type": "definition", "offset": [590, 602]}, {"key": "chapter-4", "type": "definition", "offset": [633, 642]}, {"key": "the-relationship", "type": "clause", "offset": [671, 687]}, {"key": "effect-of", "type": "definition", "offset": [872, 881]}, {"key": "key-properties", "type": "definition", "offset": [936, 950]}, {"key": "in-order-to", "type": "clause", "offset": [1166, 1177]}, {"key": "based-on", "type": "clause", "offset": [1303, 1311]}, {"key": "relating-to", "type": "definition", "offset": [1344, 1355]}, {"key": "model-selection", "type": "clause", "offset": [1368, 1383]}, {"key": "clinical-trials", "type": "definition", "offset": [1388, 1403]}, {"key": "chapter-5", "type": "definition", "offset": [1463, 1472]}, {"key": "an-agent", "type": "clause", "offset": [1559, 1567]}, {"key": "information-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [1785, 1799]}, {"key": "our-results", "type": "clause", "offset": [1873, 1884]}, {"key": "the-individual", "type": "clause", "offset": [2244, 2258]}, {"key": "personal-knowledge", "type": "definition", "offset": [2296, 2314]}, {"key": "the-arguments", "type": "definition", "offset": [2346, 2359]}, {"key": "presented-by", "type": "definition", "offset": [2360, 2372]}, {"key": "determine-whether", "type": "clause", "offset": [2393, 2410]}, {"key": "number-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [2545, 2554]}, {"key": "the-space", "type": "definition", "offset": [2688, 2697]}, {"key": "allow-us-to", "type": "clause", "offset": [2794, 2805]}, {"key": "our-approach", "type": "clause", "offset": [2882, 2894]}, {"key": "the-approach", "type": "clause", "offset": [3138, 3150]}, {"key": "chapter-7", "type": "clause", "offset": [3433, 3442]}, {"key": "further-study", "type": "clause", "offset": [3529, 3542]}], "samples": [{"hash": "a0BZoc9bFX3", "uri": "/contracts/a0BZoc9bFX3#thesis-structure", "label": "End User License Agreement", "score": 24.029431896, "published": true}], "hash": "4066bf059d0db89fbbeaddb43d722aca", "id": 5}, {"size": 1, "snippet": "This study will be structured into several chapters to ensure a coherent and systematic presentation of the research findings. Figure 1 below is an outline of the thesis structure: Introduction Literature Review Research Methodology Data Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation Discussion and Conclusion", "snippet_links": [{"key": "to-ensure", "type": "clause", "offset": [52, 61]}, {"key": "research-findings", "type": "definition", "offset": [108, 125]}, {"key": "figure-1", "type": "definition", "offset": [127, 135]}, {"key": "outline-of-the-thesis", "type": "clause", "offset": [148, 169]}, {"key": "literature-review", "type": "clause", "offset": [194, 211]}, {"key": "research-methodology", "type": "clause", "offset": [212, 232]}, {"key": "data-presentation", "type": "clause", "offset": [233, 250]}, {"key": "discussion-and-conclusion", "type": "clause", "offset": [280, 305]}], "samples": [{"hash": "fDCcDP5hUID", "uri": "/contracts/fDCcDP5hUID#thesis-structure", "label": "Thesis", "score": 33.4959890196, "published": true}], "hash": "4c220dfe95375ede17adeeebc078234f", "id": 6}, {"size": 1, "snippet": "Chapter two focuses on the research methodology, in particular, the epistemological and ontological approaches of this research; methods of data collection; sampling; questionnaire design; and research strategy. Chapter three discusses the theoretical framework. There are six sections: The first two sections review the literature on the relationship between disaster and development and disaster and urbanisation. The third section, divided into seven sub- sections, explores the concept of vulnerability through different approaches. The concepts of social resilience and a sense of belonging are also discussed in this section. Section four provides a framework of the relevant literature examining the notion of social capital. The ideas on this issue from prominent scholars are discussed. Section five explores the role of civil society and non-governmental- organisations (NGOs) in reducing social vulnerability. In this section, the weaknesses of state-centred development projects will be highlighted and an examination of how these projects can improve through implementing participatory approaches by means of social capital will be presented. The final section considers existing literature on post-disaster reconstruction, in particular, highlighting the importance of reconstruction in shaping the social resilience of the affected community and reshaping local power structures. Chapter four gives an introduction to the institutional context of disaster management and reconstruction in Iran. In particular the state structure in Iran after the revolution, urban governance, the situation of NGOs, the system of disaster management in Iran, and experiences of post-war and post-earthquake reconstructions. Chapter five contextualises Bam before and after the earthquake with a historical introduction before moving on to: The sources of livelihoods which shaped the structure of power, examining landownership and entitlement, the effects of the 1979 Islamic Revolution, citizenship and entitlement, pre-earthquake Bam, the earthquake, and the designed structure of reconstruction management and governance. The thesis then follows three empirical chapters. Chapter six studies the resilience of residents of six of the most affected districts of Bam. This chapter is the outcome of field work and a questionnaire survey which took place in 2008. It explores the changes these districts experienced since the earthquake, notably in relation to family bonding ties, dependency rates, age and gender distribution in the districts, access to shelter and financial resources, neighbouring trust, trust towards new residents of Bam, social networking, and peoples\u2019 perceptions of governance and empowerment. Chapter seven is titled \"Bam Participatory Housing Reconstruction Approach and Outcomes\". Through six sections, this chapter examines how reconstruction policy which was designed in Tehran by Tehrani professionals and how government members were successful in addressing the social vulnerability of Bami people through its participatory housing project. Furthermore it discusses how the housing project affected the residents\u2019 sense of belonging. Chapter eight, the third empirical chapter, explores the roles and effectiveness of national and international NGOs on increasing the social resilience of Bam. It analyses how NGOs (with a focus on Iranian NGOs) at the later phases of reconstruction tried to connect to the local community, their main subject areas and communities, and how they affected the structure of power. The activities of foreign NGOs and international agencies and their relationship with Iranian NGOs are also considered. Chapter nine concludes the thesis. It presents a summary of key research findings. Some recommendations are suggested regarding more effective participatory approaches in development projects to increase the social resilience of communities. 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