Common use of System Model Clause in Contracts

System Model. The system model of our proposed scheme is illus- trated in Fig. 1. There are three main components: a TA, OBUs and RSUs. TA: Generally, TA is considered as a highly trusted and powerful component in the proposed authentica- tion scheme. Moreover, TA may generate and distribute group key for vehicles for secure V2V communications. Once emergencies happen, TA may track the malicious vehicles with the vehicle’s pseudonym[12][14]. RSU: RSUs are fixed infrastructures deployed on Fig. 1 System model the roadside or some installations. RSU is not com- pletely trusted. Therefore, it must be authenticated by vehicles. In the proposed scheme, they are relay nodes between vehicles and TA[12][14]. OBU: Each vehicle is equipped with an on-board unit (OBU) with tamper-proof equipment. The OBU is responsible for storing the real identity of the vehicle, synchronizing the clock and some secret information to perform cryptographic operations[12][14].