Subductions Sample Clauses

Subductions. To take into account the contribution of potential earthquakes generated by subduction sources we included in the database a new layer specifically designed during the course of the project. Subduction zones are known to generate earthquake ruptures of several types: those generated at the slab interface, those generated within the slab (intra-slab and outer-rise), and those that propagate from the slab interface into the upper plate (megasplays) (Satake and Tanioka, 1999) and to follow different scaling laws (Xxxxxxxx et al., 2010) and rheology (Xxxxx and Lay, 1999) from those of crustal earthquakes. Since this layer was not included in previous schemes, it was partially inspired at existing models available in the literature, such as the SLAB 1.0 by Xxxxx and Xxxx (2009) and Xxxxx et al. (2009). The subduction layer is designed as to include a model of the plates interface at convergent boundaries based on geological and geophysical data. The plate interface is mapped as collection of free-form polygons with a variable number of nodes. Each single polygon, or sub-element, represents a portion of the entire surface of the subducting plate from the outer limit of the trench to the lower tip of the dipping slab (Figure 6). Notice that this scheme includes portions of the slab at depths that probably exceed those useful for hazard assessment. However, this condition has to be determined a posteriori. In addition, some modeling techniques (e.g. finite elements) could benefit from the availability of data about the whole subduction. Each sub-element has consistent geologic, geometric and kinematic characteristics and is bounded by lines of constant depth except for the uppermost line when it coincides with the seafloor. Similarly to crustal seismogenic sources, subductions are characterized by geometric (strike, dip, depth, crust thickness) and behavior (rake, slip rate, seismic coupling, maximum earthquake magnitude) parameters. These parameters are given for all sub-elements and their range of variability within the entire subduction is also stored in a summary table. Differently from crustal seismogenic sources, some parameters have a peculiar role. Seismic coupling, although very difficult to estimate, is supposed to provide a ratio between plate convergence and earthquake production at the slab interface. Two earthquake magnitude parameters are supplied which capture the maximum observed magnitude produced at the slab interface and within the slab. Also, ...
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Related to Subductions

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