{"component": "clause", "props": {"groups": [{"snippet_links": [{"key": "participating-in", "type": "definition", "offset": [17, 33]}, {"key": "on-behalf-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [148, 160]}, {"key": "academic-institutions", "type": "clause", "offset": [277, 298]}, {"key": "management-issues", "type": "definition", "offset": [334, 351]}, {"key": "nature-of-this", "type": "clause", "offset": [387, 401]}, {"key": "management-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [464, 477]}, {"key": "federal-statutes", "type": "definition", "offset": [534, 550]}, {"key": "occupational-safety-and-health-act", "type": "clause", "offset": [556, 590]}, {"key": "the-resource-conservation-and-recovery-act", "type": "clause", "offset": [602, 644]}, {"key": "health-and-safety-requirements", "type": "definition", "offset": [854, 884]}, {"key": "the-requirements", "type": "clause", "offset": [886, 902]}, {"key": "designed-for", "type": "definition", "offset": [1010, 1022]}, {"key": "waste-determination", "type": "definition", "offset": [1200, 1219]}, {"key": "provisions-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [1252, 1265]}, {"key": "number-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [1350, 1359]}, {"key": "hazardous-wastes", "type": "clause", "offset": [1360, 1376]}, {"key": "requirements-for", "type": "clause", "offset": [1605, 1621]}, {"key": "hazardous-chemicals", "type": "clause", "offset": [1698, 1717]}, {"key": "management-systems", "type": "definition", "offset": [1896, 1914]}, {"key": "laboratory-setting", "type": "definition", "offset": [1926, 1944]}, {"key": "for-example", "type": "definition", "offset": [2247, 2258]}, {"key": "sulfuric-acid", "type": "clause", "offset": [2260, 2273]}, {"key": "small-amounts", "type": "clause", "offset": [2700, 2713]}, {"key": "overall-management", "type": "clause", "offset": [2764, 2782]}, {"key": "arise-from", "type": "definition", "offset": [2879, 2889]}, {"key": "the-fact", "type": "clause", "offset": [2890, 2898]}, {"key": "university-laboratory", "type": "definition", "offset": [2908, 2929]}, {"key": "subject-to-the", "type": "definition", "offset": [2968, 2982]}, {"key": "education-and-research", "type": "clause", "offset": [3079, 3101]}, {"key": "the-challenges", "type": "clause", "offset": [3111, 3125]}, {"key": "associated-with", "type": "definition", "offset": [3126, 3141]}, {"key": "subject-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [3217, 3227]}, {"key": "research-community", "type": "definition", "offset": [3277, 3295]}, {"key": "campus-safety", "type": "clause", "offset": [3361, 3374]}, {"key": "environment-management", "type": "clause", "offset": [3387, 3409]}, {"key": "the-national", "type": "clause", "offset": [3423, 3435]}, {"key": "research-council", "type": "definition", "offset": [3436, 3452]}, {"key": "american-chemical", "type": "definition", "offset": [3462, 3479]}, {"key": "comply-with", "type": "clause", "offset": [3601, 3612]}, {"key": "new-england", "type": "definition", "offset": [3656, 3667]}, {"key": "the-current", "type": "clause", "offset": [3731, 3742]}, {"key": "regulatory-scheme", "type": "definition", "offset": [3752, 3769]}, {"key": "the-country", "type": "definition", "offset": [3970, 3981]}, {"key": "stakeholder-group", "type": "definition", "offset": [4028, 4045]}, {"key": "test-a", "type": "definition", "offset": [4098, 4104]}, {"key": "the-objectives", "type": "clause", "offset": [4296, 4310]}, {"key": "in-addition", "type": "clause", "offset": [4385, 4396]}, {"key": "the-proposed", "type": "clause", "offset": [4416, 4428]}, {"key": "management-standard", "type": "definition", "offset": [4454, 4473]}, {"key": "the-central", "type": "clause", "offset": [4655, 4666]}, {"key": "purpose-of-this", "type": "clause", "offset": [4667, 4682]}, {"key": "environmental-management-system", "type": "clause", "offset": [4792, 4823]}], "samples": [{"hash": "go0oSAk3bEh", "uri": "/contracts/go0oSAk3bEh#problem-description", "label": "Final Project Agreement", "score": 29.3390373502, "published": true}, {"hash": "jL9upN09zlL", "uri": "/contracts/jL9upN09zlL#problem-description", "label": "Final Project Agreement", "score": 23.7438580164, "published": true}, {"hash": "CBAzlQDDlf", "uri": "/contracts/CBAzlQDDlf#problem-description", "label": "Final Project Agreement", "score": 19.0, "published": true}], "size": 5, "snippet": "The Universities participating in this Laboratory XL Project are testing a new environmental management regulatory model which they have championed on behalf of the Laboratory Consortium for Environmental Excellence (LCEE), a Boston-based group of laboratory organizations and academic institutions organized to address environmental management issues in laboratories. To understand the nature of this project, it is useful to consider its regulatory context. The management of chemicals in laboratories is primarily regulated by two Federal statutes: The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) and the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). While the Occupational Safety Health Administration recognized laboratories as unique settings and developed a performance-based standard to allow laboratories to more efficiently and effectively meet health and safety requirements, the requirements of RCRA are less readily adapted to such a setting. This is in large part because the RCRA program was not designed for a laboratory environment, but rather for those organizations where it has been and is quite successful--manufacturing and industrial operations. The requirement for a hazardous waste determination and the management and handling provisions of RCRA are effective in a manufacturing environment where large quantities of a small number of hazardous wastes are consistently produced. In contrast, university laboratories typically generate relatively small quantities of many different hazardous wastes on a discontinuous basis. Furthermore, there are specific handling and management requirements for \u201chazardous wastes\u201d under RCRA which may not apply to the larger universe of hazardous chemicals used in the laboratories which are subject to OSHA. Thus, university laboratories are essentially required to implement and track two parallel and not always consistent chemical management systems within the laboratory setting; one under RCRA which includes externally imposed requirements governing the management and handling of \u201chazardous waste,\u201d and one under OSHA which is a performance-based, internally-developed management system governing the management and handling of \u201chazardous chemicals.\u201d Such distinctions between, for example, sulfuric acid and waste sulfuric acid are generally \u201cartificial\u201d to laboratory workers who are trained in recognizing and understanding chemical hazards and managing such chemicals in a manner that minimizes these hazards. The implementation of such a dual system is further complicated by the structure of university laboratories as compared to industrial settings. With large numbers of laboratories within one university, each producing small amounts of hazardous wastes on a discontinuous basis, the overall management of hazardous chemicals and hazardous waste becomes far more difficult. Additional complications arise from the fact that the university laboratory setting is decentralized, diverse and subject to the regular turnover of students and researchers. These factors are the result of the institutions\u2019 education and research mission. The challenges associated with effectively managing laboratory wastes under the RCRA system have been the subject of nationwide discussions within the university and research community throughout the past decade. Numerous organizations including the Campus Safety, Health and Environment Management Association, the National Research Council, and the American Chemical Society have sought a more efficient way to properly manage and handle hazardous chemicals in the laboratory setting and comply with both the requirements of OSHA and RCRA. In New England, the LCEE was formed to explore more effective alternatives to the current parallel regulatory scheme. The LCEE includes multiple colleges and universities in the New England area, of which three are participating in this project. Following extensive consultations with laboratory professionals across the country, as well as discussions within the LCEE\u2019s own stakeholder group, the LCEE reached a consensus regarding the need to test a management system which would harmonize the RCRA and OSHA regulatory systems. The result is the integrated, performance-based management system described herein which is both consistent with the objectives of RCRA and compatible with the objectives of OSHA\u2019s laboratory standard. In addition, implementation of the proposed Laboratory Environmental Management Standard will (1) actively encourage chemical reuse and recycling, (2) ultimately save costs and increase efficiency, and (3) better educate laboratory professionals and researchers.1 Thus, the central purpose of this Laboratory XL Project is to test the effectiveness of an integrated, performance-based, auditable laboratory environmental management system.", "hash": "2135f68a55630ff361465a845b5cf8b2", "id": 1}, {"snippet_links": [{"key": "request-for", "type": "clause", "offset": [12, 23]}, {"key": "regulatory-flexibility", "type": "clause", "offset": [24, 46]}, {"key": "waste-determination", "type": "definition", "offset": [60, 79]}, {"key": "stakeholder-group", "type": "definition", "offset": [135, 152]}, {"key": "redistribution-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [296, 313]}, {"key": "laboratory-waste", "type": "clause", "offset": [314, 330]}, {"key": "the-institution", "type": "clause", "offset": [342, 357]}, {"key": "graduate-students", "type": "clause", "offset": [421, 438]}, {"key": "for-an-individual", "type": "clause", "offset": [458, 475]}, {"key": "other-laboratories", "type": "clause", "offset": [570, 588]}, {"key": "reusable-materials", "type": "definition", "offset": [624, 642]}, {"key": "quantity-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [691, 702]}, {"key": "disposed-of", "type": "definition", "offset": [738, 749]}, {"key": "the-current", "type": "clause", "offset": [777, 788]}, {"key": "applicable-to", "type": "clause", "offset": [831, 844]}, {"key": "hazardous-materials", "type": "definition", "offset": [845, 864]}, {"key": "the-national", "type": "clause", "offset": [933, 945]}, {"key": "nuclear-regulatory-commission", "type": "clause", "offset": [987, 1016]}, {"key": "nuclear-hazards", "type": "clause", "offset": [1021, 1036]}, {"key": "for-example", "type": "definition", "offset": [1069, 1080]}, {"key": "management-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [1134, 1147]}, {"key": "chemical-hygiene-plan", "type": "definition", "offset": [1233, 1254]}, {"key": "as-required", "type": "clause", "offset": [1255, 1266]}, {"key": "in-accordance-with", "type": "definition", "offset": [1331, 1349]}, {"key": "the-criteria", "type": "clause", "offset": [1350, 1362]}, {"key": "the-standard", "type": "clause", "offset": [1376, 1388]}, {"key": "by-university", "type": "clause", "offset": [1479, 1492]}], "samples": [{"hash": "go0oSAk3bEh", "uri": "/contracts/go0oSAk3bEh#problem-description", "label": "Final Project Agreement", "score": 29.3390373502, "published": true}, {"hash": "jL9upN09zlL", "uri": "/contracts/jL9upN09zlL#problem-description", "label": "Final Project Agreement", "score": 23.7438580164, "published": true}], "size": 2, "snippet": "Reasons for Request for Regulatory Flexibility\n1. Hazardous Waste Determination [40 CFR 262.11] The Universities have found, and their stakeholder group has confirmed, that hazardous waste determination may be made prematurely in the laboratories and may be a barrier to the reuse, recycling and redistribution of laboratory waste throughout the institution. This is attributable to the finding that once researchers and graduate students no longer have use for an individual laboratory waste, they are seldom aware of the reuse and recycling opportunities available in other laboratories. Thus, they are prone to call even reusable materials \u201chazardous waste.\u201d The result is that a certain quantity of reusable material is unnecessarily disposed of every year. In fact, under the current OSHA/RCRA 1Such performance-based systems applicable to hazardous materials in laboratories have been developed and successfully implemented by the National Institutes of Health for biohazards, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for nuclear hazards and OSHA for workplace hazards. For example, under OSHA\u2019s performance-based Laboratory Standard, management of hazardous materials in the laboratory is principally regulated by means of a written Chemical Hygiene Plan as required under 29 CFR 1910.1450, which is developed by each organization in accordance with the criteria set forth in the standard. scheme, a 1996 survey revealed that less than 1% of laboratory waste is currently reused by university laboratories.", "hash": "f2585d71d563cb21e0f5fae8e1839a8e", "id": 2}, {"snippet_links": [{"key": "in-order-to", "type": "clause", "offset": [2, 13]}, {"key": "the-design", "type": "clause", "offset": [69, 79]}, {"key": "let-us", "type": "clause", "offset": [117, 123]}, {"key": "an-example", "type": "clause", "offset": [205, 215]}, {"key": "access-to", "type": "definition", "offset": [375, 384]}, {"key": "to-allow-the", "type": "clause", "offset": [752, 764]}, {"key": "component-c", "type": "definition", "offset": [910, 921]}], "samples": [{"hash": "9QjZFTt6wTE", "uri": "/contracts/9QjZFTt6wTE#problem-description", "label": "Multidimensional Byzantine Agreement Protocol", "score": 24.8891170431, "published": true}, {"hash": "cEJFspJ72dG", "uri": "/contracts/cEJFspJ72dG#problem-description", "label": "Multidimensional Byzantine Agreement Protocol", "score": 24.7549623546, "published": true}], "size": 2, "snippet": "\u200c In order to better motivate the generalization process that led to the design of protocol presented in this paper, let us introduce a model that we will show to encompass various practical problems, and an example situation for which solutions in literature (to the best of our knowledge) do not give satisfactory results.\n(i) Let N be a network, where each node i \u2208 N has access to a Random Variable X , where X(i) = (X(i), . . . , X(i)), for all c \u2208 {1, . . . , m}, where X(i) takes values in a discrete set V , P(i) 1 m c c c is its probability mass function, and X(i) = X(l), for all i, l \u2208 N and for all c. Each node i . \u03a3 c c records O(i) = x(i), . . . , x(i) , the observed values given by the random variable. The goal of 1 m our protocol is to allow the nodes in N to reach agreement on a vector of observed values. We make a distinction between two kind of components: ambiguous and unambiguous. A component c is ambiguous if there exist two honest nodes i, l \u2208 N who observe two distinct values x(i) =\u0192 x(l), otherwise we say that the component is unambiguous.", "hash": "abbf426167f7090368946eab01e987c6", "id": 3}, {"snippet_links": [{"key": "the-problem", "type": "clause", "offset": [0, 11]}, {"key": "the-case", "type": "definition", "offset": [42, 50]}, {"key": "description-of", "type": "definition", "offset": [110, 124]}, {"key": "the-objective", "type": "clause", "offset": [153, 166]}, {"key": "fuel-consumption", "type": "definition", "offset": [256, 272]}, {"key": "in-order-to", "type": "clause", "offset": [318, 329]}, {"key": "greenhouse-gases", "type": "clause", "offset": [349, 365]}, {"key": "figure-1", "type": "definition", "offset": [404, 412]}, {"key": "offshore-installations", "type": "definition", "offset": [422, 444]}, {"key": "supply-vessel", "type": "definition", "offset": [508, 521]}, {"key": "duration-limits", "type": "clause", "offset": [795, 810]}, {"key": "the-visit", "type": "clause", "offset": [928, 937]}, {"key": "the-week", "type": "clause", "offset": [979, 987]}, {"key": "restriction-on", "type": "clause", "offset": [1035, 1049]}, {"key": "duration-of", "type": "definition", "offset": [1193, 1204]}, {"key": "number-of-installations", "type": "clause", "offset": [1305, 1328]}, {"key": "number-of-visits", "type": "clause", "offset": [1361, 1377]}, {"key": "schedule-of-working-hours", "type": "clause", "offset": [1421, 1446]}, {"key": "at-any-time", "type": "clause", "offset": [1500, 1511]}, {"key": "in-addition", "type": "clause", "offset": [1559, 1570]}, {"key": "return-to", "type": "definition", "offset": [1669, 1678]}, {"key": "departure-time", "type": "definition", "offset": [1718, 1732]}, {"key": "same-day", "type": "definition", "offset": [1763, 1771]}, {"key": "the-installation", "type": "clause", "offset": [2016, 2032]}, {"key": "total-demand", "type": "definition", "offset": [2104, 2116]}, {"key": "the-vessel", "type": "definition", "offset": [2175, 2185]}, {"key": "vessel-a", "type": "definition", "offset": [2201, 2209]}, {"key": "vessel-b", "type": "definition", "offset": [2210, 2218]}, {"key": "two-times", "type": "clause", "offset": [2391, 2400]}, {"key": "a-week", "type": "definition", "offset": [2401, 2407]}, {"key": "type-of", "type": "definition", "offset": [2690, 2697]}, {"key": "service-speed", "type": "definition", "offset": [2730, 2743]}, {"key": "schedule-planning", "type": "clause", "offset": [2763, 2780]}, {"key": "according-to", "type": "definition", "offset": [2839, 2851]}, {"key": "depending-on-the", "type": "clause", "offset": [3003, 3019]}, {"key": "expenses-and", "type": "clause", "offset": [3355, 3367]}, {"key": "environmental-benefits", "type": "definition", "offset": [3368, 3390]}, {"key": "speed-reduction", "type": "definition", "offset": [3396, 3411]}, {"key": "rate-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [3417, 3424]}, {"key": "our-approach", "type": "clause", "offset": [3624, 3636]}, {"key": "our-contribution", "type": "clause", "offset": [3647, 3663]}, {"key": "reduction-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [4119, 4131]}, {"key": "total-costs", "type": "clause", "offset": [4132, 4143]}], "samples": [{"hash": "1r70UJqhIUI", "uri": "/contracts/1r70UJqhIUI#problem-description", "label": "Publication Agreement", "score": 20.4727037581, "published": true}], "size": 1, "snippet": "The problem, described in this thesis, is the case of Statoil. Therefore in this section we will give a short description of Statoil upstream logistics. The objective of this thesis is develop approach that during the main goal of vessel charter costs and fuel consumption costs minimization determines the best speed in order to curb the growth of greenhouse gases worldwide. Our problem illustrated in Figure 1 includes offshore installations that are supplied from single onshore base.\nFigure 1. Periodic supply vessel planning problem with 5 installations. Red ball represents Mongstad onshore base, while white squares are the real offshore installations. Blue and red lines are hypothetical voyages. The following practical constraints must be taken into account in our problem:\n1) Voyage duration limits.\n2) The limits of installation visits per voyage.\n3) Vessel deck capacity.\n4) Weekly demand of each installation.\n5) The visit requirement for each installation during the week.\n6) The capacity and schedule of onshore base. Restriction on the voyage duration is due to factors that too short voyages are not desirable, too long voyages cause to much uncertainty. Hence, the minimum duration of two days and maximum of three days are introduced. Moreover, each vessel could service only limited number of installations, there is a minimum and maximum number of visits per voyage. Every installation has its own schedule of working hours. Some are opened round the clock and can be supplied at any time, while others are closed from 19:00 till 7:00. In addition, all vessels should start all voyages from onshore base at 16:00. It is also assumed that vessels return to the depot not late than 8 hours before departure time, if next voyage starts on the same day. Concerning day-offs, the onshore base is closed on Sundays. Weekly vessel schedule is decided depending on planned demands of the installations. All of them have to be visited certain number of times during the week. It is also essential that the installation visits are fairly evenly spread throughout the week. Additionally, the total demand of all installations in each vessel voyage may not exceed the vessel deck capacity. Vessel A Vessel B The simple solution example is shown on the figure two. It represents sample with two supply vessels that have to visit five installations. Some of them need to be visited two times a week when others require more often supply. Two platform supply vessels fulfill all required demand from installation. To carry out all orders each of them sails two voyages. This figure does not show all complicating aspects of the supply vessel planning problem. Traditionally in that type of problems every ship has a fixed service speed established before schedule planning. In our case the speed between two installations can vary according to our choice. Every vessel has its minimum and maximum border and can differ in that limits. It also means that time and costs for that voyage also vary depending on the appointed speed. The fuel consumption is strongly dependent on speed. We know the fuel consumption costs per ton and amount of tons of fuel all vessel used each hour during voyages sailing with fixed speed of 12 knots per hour. Therefore we could calculate total fuel consumption costs and then improve results of both aims: the total expenses and environmental benefits from speed reduction. The rate of fuel consumption of a vessel (1) is approximately proportional to the cube of the vessel's speed \u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587 et al. (2005): 3 Consumption \u239b Speed \u239e new = \u239c new \u239f\n(1) \u239d \u239c Speed \u239f The main peculiarity of our approach that made our contribution to solving periodic supply vessel planning problem with variable speed tangible is the way of calculation total fuel consumption costs (2). Shyshou (2010) implemented large neighbourhood heuristics with fixed speed. In his work when the speed is fixed, fuel consumption is proportional to distance sailed, hence the total fuel consumption costs equals sailing cost and depend only on distance sailed. In our turn we use variable speed that influences the reduction of total costs and leads to the lower average speed for the fleet and hence lower fuel consumption. TotalFuelConsumptionCosts = FCC \u2211\u2211 d V 2new Vfixed i\u2208V j\u2208Li\n(2) Sets: Parameters: Variables:", "hash": "034e0602e016777a09438de444824c2c", "id": 4}, {"snippet_links": [{"key": "service-suppliers", "type": "definition", "offset": [76, 93]}, {"key": "travel-agency", "type": "definition", "offset": [200, 213]}, {"key": "travel-experience", "type": "clause", "offset": [274, 291]}, {"key": "by-service", "type": "clause", "offset": [302, 312]}, {"key": "the-relationship", "type": "clause", "offset": [327, 343]}, {"key": "the-system", "type": "definition", "offset": [604, 614]}, {"key": "service-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [667, 677]}, {"key": "the-cooperation", "type": "clause", "offset": [831, 846]}, {"key": "of-both-parties", "type": "clause", "offset": [923, 938]}, {"key": "to-lead", "type": "definition", "offset": [996, 1003]}, {"key": "according-to", "type": "definition", "offset": [1092, 1104]}, {"key": "provide-the", "type": "clause", "offset": [1176, 1187]}, {"key": "incentive-contracts", "type": "clause", "offset": [1231, 1250]}, {"key": "satisfying-the", "type": "clause", "offset": [1367, 1381]}, {"key": "contracts-with", "type": "clause", "offset": [1458, 1472]}, {"key": "fixed-salary", "type": "clause", "offset": [1473, 1485]}, {"key": "revenue-sharing", "type": "clause", "offset": [1490, 1505]}, {"key": "to-the-service", "type": "clause", "offset": [1518, 1532]}, {"key": "service-cost", "type": "definition", "offset": [1579, 1591]}, {"key": "the-contract", "type": "definition", "offset": [1605, 1617]}], "samples": [{"hash": "jkjSDe9Scyj", "uri": "/contracts/jkjSDe9Scyj#problem-description", "label": "Cooperative Service Contract", "score": 22.1745379877, "published": true}], "size": 1, "snippet": "Currently, more and more travel agencies outsource tour-guides\u201f business to service suppliers, that is, travel agencies entrusted tourists\u201f service to service suppliers; Tourists prefer to choose the travel agency which brings higher tourism\u201fs utility for them through good travel experience supported by service suppliers. So the relationship among tourists, travel agencies and service suppliers are dual principal-agent, among which travel agencies are both principals and agents. This paper researches the service outsourcing system consisting of a travel agency, a service supplier and tourists. In the system, the system\u201fs output is determined by collaborative service of the travel agency and the service supplier, and tourists\u201f utilities is determined by efforts level of the travel agency and the service supplier. During the cooperation between the travel agency and the service supplier, the private information of both parties is difficult to be observed by each other. So it is easy to lead to moral hazards in both parties, therefore, affect tourists\u201f utility and satisfaction. According to dual principal- agent theory, the best way for the travel agency is to provide the service supplier with a set of effectively incentive contracts, which optimizes tourism experience of tourists, at the same time, maximizes the service supplier\u201fs utilities after satisfying the travel agency\u201fs revenue.\n(1) the travel agency provides service outsourcing contracts with fixed salary and revenue sharing coefficient to the service supplier;\n(2) The service supplier adapts his service cost according to the contract supplied by the travel agency and decide whether to sign contracts; (3) if the service supplier accepts contracts, the travel agency and the service supplier maximize tourists\u201f utilities by their optimal efforts levels at the same time maximizing their expected utilities; (4)after finishing the cooperative production, the travel agency pays fees to the service supplier.", "hash": "61a43d98f402fae83fddc1dc697483af", "id": 5}, {"snippet_links": [], "samples": [{"hash": "cmcyLiZwh6g", "uri": "/contracts/cmcyLiZwh6g#problem-description", "label": "Code Contracts for Windows Communication Foundation (Wcf)", "score": 20.5219763746, "published": true}], "size": 1, "snippet": "Suppose we want to create a WCF service with code contracts. A straightforward approach to combine both tech- nologies would be as follows: using System.ServiceModel;", "hash": "1b35ecd3f872f9c305cb0c143df610a8", "id": 6}, {"snippet_links": [{"key": "request-for", "type": "clause", "offset": [12, 23]}, {"key": "regulatory-flexibility", "type": "clause", "offset": [24, 46]}, {"key": "waste-determination", "type": "definition", "offset": [60, 79]}, {"key": "stakeholder-group", "type": "definition", "offset": [135, 152]}, {"key": "redistribution-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [296, 313]}, {"key": "laboratory-waste", "type": "clause", "offset": [314, 330]}, {"key": "the-institution", "type": "clause", "offset": [342, 357]}, {"key": "graduate-students", "type": "clause", "offset": [421, 438]}, {"key": "for-an-individual", "type": "clause", "offset": [458, 475]}, {"key": "other-laboratories", "type": "clause", "offset": [570, 588]}, {"key": "reusable-materials", "type": "definition", "offset": [624, 642]}, {"key": "quantity-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [691, 702]}, {"key": "disposed-of", "type": "definition", "offset": [738, 749]}, {"key": "the-current", "type": "clause", "offset": [777, 788]}, {"key": "by-university", "type": "clause", "offset": [888, 901]}], "samples": [{"hash": "g3da1HYMM0r", "uri": "/contracts/g3da1HYMM0r#problem-description", "label": "Final Project Agreement (Fpa)", "score": 23.7438580164, "published": true}], "size": 1, "snippet": "Reasons for Request for Regulatory Flexibility\n1. Hazardous Waste Determination [40 CFR 262.11] The Universities have found, and their stakeholder group has confirmed, that hazardous waste determination may be made prematurely in the laboratories and may be a barrier to the reuse, recycling and redistribution of laboratory waste throughout the institution. This is attributable to the finding that once researchers and graduate students no longer have use for an individual laboratory waste, they are seldom aware of the reuse and recycling opportunities available in other laboratories. Thus, they are prone to call even reusable materials \u201chazardous waste.\u201d The result is that a certain quantity of reusable material is unnecessarily disposed of every year. In fact, under the current OSHA/RCRA scheme, a 1996 survey revealed that less than 1% of laboratory waste is currently reused by university laboratories.", "hash": "bd95816ef6ffd72ab96c4e21d8279e41", "id": 7}, {"snippet_links": [{"key": "data-storage", "type": "definition", "offset": [17, 29]}, {"key": "user-passwords", "type": "clause", "offset": [140, 154]}, {"key": "option-to", "type": "clause", "offset": [224, 233]}, {"key": "not-compatible", "type": "definition", "offset": [594, 608]}, {"key": "the-user", "type": "clause", "offset": [708, 716]}, {"key": "based-on", "type": "clause", "offset": [815, 823]}, {"key": "communication-channel", "type": "clause", "offset": [849, 870]}, {"key": "user-name-and-password", "type": "definition", "offset": [914, 936]}, {"key": "user-device", "type": "definition", "offset": [990, 1001]}, {"key": "authentication-server", "type": "definition", "offset": [1073, 1094]}, {"key": "network-use", "type": "clause", "offset": [1226, 1237]}, {"key": "does-not-support", "type": "definition", "offset": [1256, 1272]}, {"key": "information-on", "type": "clause", "offset": [1296, 1310]}], "samples": [{"hash": "6rO5RUz3kl6", "uri": "/contracts/6rO5RUz3kl6#problem-description", "label": "Grant Agreement", "score": 20.1496943837, "published": true}], "size": 1, "snippet": "eduroam IdPs use data storage (directories, databases, etc.) to store their users\u2019 credentials. There are different technical ways to store user passwords in a secure, non-reversibly encrypted way. When using PEAP, the only option to store the credentials in this way is by employing the NT-Hash function to the password, which is a variant of the MD4 hash function. Many IdPs opt not to use NT-Hashes, but different forms of hashes which provide greater cryptographic strength than MD4. Popular choices are SHA1, SHA256 or their salted derivatives. Such hashes have the drawback that they are not compatible with PEAP. IdPs which use such hashes are forced to deploy EAP-TTLS with cleartext transmission of the user password within the TTLS tunnel (usually PAP). The EAP authentication combination EAP-TTLS+PAP is based on the creation of a secure communication channel using a certificate (EAP-TTLS) and sending user name and password in clear text inside the established tunnel from the user device to the IdP. The secure tunnel extends from the user device to the IdP (authentication server). Although the EAP-TTLS-PAP authentication combination is a common solution, Nokia phones that are able to connect to the wireless network use Symbian OS, which does not support EAP-TTLS+PAP. For more information on this topic, see the Nokia forum thread, EAP-TTLS/PAP support [NOKIAFORUM].", "hash": "38f800ee96eddb94da5c0d084e5bf331", "id": 8}, {"snippet_links": [{"key": "proposed-scheduling", "type": "clause", "offset": [4, 23]}, {"key": "of-orders", "type": "clause", "offset": [83, 92]}, {"key": "allocated-to", "type": "definition", "offset": [93, 105]}, {"key": "line-of", "type": "definition", "offset": [119, 126]}, {"key": "in-order-to", "type": "clause", "offset": [189, 200]}, {"key": "caused-by", "type": "clause", "offset": [231, 240]}, {"key": "processing-times", "type": "clause", "offset": [251, 267]}, {"key": "the-material", "type": "definition", "offset": [318, 330]}, {"key": "flow-of", "type": "definition", "offset": [331, 338]}, {"key": "the-environment", "type": "clause", "offset": [415, 430]}, {"key": "the-problem", "type": "clause", "offset": [440, 451]}, {"key": "definition-of-the", "type": "clause", "offset": [559, 576]}, {"key": "the-line", "type": "definition", "offset": [595, 603]}, {"key": "final-product", "type": "clause", "offset": [684, 697]}, {"key": "time-requirement", "type": "clause", "offset": [737, 753]}, {"key": "the-orders", "type": "clause", "offset": [818, 828]}, {"key": "the-sub", "type": "clause", "offset": [830, 837]}, {"key": "the-objective", "type": "clause", "offset": [944, 957]}, {"key": "material-delivery", "type": "clause", "offset": [1062, 1079]}], "samples": [{"hash": "dDp6gtrdJ2G", "uri": "/contracts/dDp6gtrdJ2G#problem-description", "label": "Grant Agreement", "score": 30.0348846452, "published": true}], "size": 1, "snippet": "The proposed scheduling problem considers the splitting into cycles of the batches of orders allocated to the assembly line of a factory. The situations that this scheduling is required is in order to avoid assembly line stoppages caused by different processing times of the different orders while also in cases where the material flow of components delivery needs to be balanced. The bellow characteristics define the environment at which the problem is defined for: A set of orders/ products have been planned to be assembled in a specific line without the definition of the specific sequence The line is consisted of a set of positions/ steps which need to be performed before the final product is available There is a specific cycle time requirement (in hours) of a batch that need to be respected when sequencing the orders. The sub-assembled product of previous position cannot move to the next position unless the next position is empty The objective is to create batches of orders/ products that fit a specific cycle time requirement in order to balance material delivery flow; maximize the throughput of the line by allocating orders with similar durations in the assembly steps.", "hash": "ae88040455b6c2b27a30b5917a6ffbde", "id": 9}, {"snippet_links": [{"key": "main-objective", "type": "clause", "offset": [4, 18]}, {"key": "gas-pipeline-system", "type": "definition", "offset": [164, 183]}, {"key": "the-concept", "type": "clause", "offset": [331, 342]}, {"key": "case-study", "type": "definition", "offset": [451, 461]}, {"key": "to-develop", "type": "definition", "offset": [498, 508]}, {"key": "cost-efficiency", "type": "clause", "offset": [539, 554]}, {"key": "new-capacity", "type": "definition", "offset": [660, 672]}, {"key": "the-project", "type": "clause", "offset": [746, 757]}, {"key": "the-head", "type": "clause", "offset": [847, 855]}, {"key": "work-on", "type": "definition", "offset": [987, 994]}, {"key": "information-is-confidential", "type": "clause", "offset": [1077, 1104]}, {"key": "not-available", "type": "definition", "offset": [1109, 1122]}, {"key": "the-internet", "type": "clause", "offset": [1203, 1215]}, {"key": "to-construct", "type": "clause", "offset": [1257, 1269]}, {"key": "based-on", "type": "clause", "offset": [1382, 1390]}, {"key": "in-addition", "type": "clause", "offset": [1409, 1420]}, {"key": "the-data", "type": "clause", "offset": [1436, 1444]}, {"key": "to-apply", "type": "clause", "offset": [1445, 1453]}, {"key": "the-options", "type": "clause", "offset": [1454, 1465]}], "samples": [{"hash": "d7W2p862Jub", "uri": "/contracts/d7W2p862Jub#problem-description", "label": "Publication Agreement", "score": 19.3941809315, "published": true}], "size": 1, "snippet": "The main objective of this thesis is to focus on uncertainties, using real option theory and apply that in decision processes to choose infrastructure solutions in gas pipeline system. It presents a framework of how to make decisions under uncertainties by using different options. Real option analysis helps managers to deal with the concept of a hub system in developing gas infrastructure for a new area. We use Ormen \u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587 Project at Nyhamna as a case study to see if real options give support to develop Nyhamna as a hub. We focus on cost efficiency to analyze Nyhamna as a hub. We also look into the alternative where the real option can be waited until new capacity will be available in an alternative hub, \u00c5sgard. We will try to quantify the project\u2019s value under different alternatives, using real option analysis. We had interviews with the head leader of \u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587 \u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587 Project (\u2587\u2587. \u2587\u2587\u2587 \u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587 Hollen ) and a representative of Gassco (\u2587\u2587. \u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587 \u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587 \u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587). Since they need time to work on this project and decide whether Nyhamna could be developed as a hub, part of this information is confidential and not available for us as students. For some extent, we have found data on relevant projects on the internet. After getting these data, we have tried to construct them as good as possible. Hence, this thesis emphasizes on analyzing the values of different options at Nyhamna based on some assumptions. In addition, we have tried the data to apply the options at Nyhamna in competition with an existing hub at \u00c5sgard.", "hash": "b56b21af0eafdb1abee6bf7a963545fb", "id": 10}], "next_curs": "ClwSVmoVc35sYXdpbnNpZGVyY29udHJhY3RzcjgLEhZDbGF1c2VTbmlwcGV0R3JvdXBfdjU2Ihxwcm9ibGVtLWRlc2NyaXB0aW9uIzAwMDAwMDBhDKIBAmVuGAAgAA==", "clause": {"children": [["modeling-the-communication-patterns-in-the-application", "Modeling the Communication Patterns in the Application"], ["offline-mesh-partitioning", "Offline Mesh Partitioning"], ["test-case", "Test Case"], ["exhibitor-setting", "Exhibitor Setting"], ["distributor-setting", "Distributor Setting"]], "size": 27, "title": "Problem Description", "parents": [["description-of-the-project", "DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT"], ["summary", "Summary"], ["experiences-and-additional-research", "Experiences and Additional Research"], ["project-prerequisites", "Project Prerequisites"], ["stakeholder-records", "Stakeholder Records"]], "id": "problem-description", "related": [["system-description", "System Description", "System Description"], ["item-description", "ITEM DESCRIPTION", "ITEM DESCRIPTION"], ["work-description", "Work Description", "Work Description"], ["task-description", "Task Description", "Task Description"], ["program-description", "Program Description", "Program Description"]], "related_snippets": [], "updated": "2025-07-07T12:36:17+00:00"}, "json": true, "cursor": ""}}