Foreign Policy Clause Samples

Foreign Policy. Whereas the overall foreign policy of the United States in the late 1990s and early 2000s was based on expansive aims, Russia’s overall foreign policy outlook was defensive and heavily based on the domestic and economic issues. Whereas Russia’s foreign policy initially aimed at pursuing liberal ‘pro-Westernism’ in which Russia strived for radical neoliberal reforms and a related partnership with the West, from the mid-1990s on the foreign policy outlook was increasingly defined by growing resentment towards the US.

Foreign Policy. According to ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, a recipient state’s dependence on a supplier’s weapons, maintenance services, and training “elicits at least a caution if not outright realignment in the recipient’s foreign policy dealings with its military patron.”60 For example, analysing U.S.- Pakistani security cooperation, ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ writes that because Washington provided military aid to Islamabad during the 1970s and 1980s on a consistent basis, Pakistan invariably took a position in alignment with the United States when issues of high importance to U.S. interests rose up.61 During the 1980s Pakistan supported American efforts to undermine the Soviet military campaign in Afghanistan, which contributed to the ‘bleeding out’ of the Soviet Union. ▇▇▇▇ also argues that arms transfers to Pakistan allowed the United States to gain a strategic foothold in South Asia, especially since India (the other major power in the region) was primarily dependent on arms from the Soviet Union.62 Policymakers who promote security cooperation are biased towards believing that foreign military aid will allow the supplier to increase its influence vis-à-vis a particular country or region. In addition, some analysts argue that arms transfers lead recipient states to become embroiled in unwanted military conflicts that are indirectly tied to the interests of their suppliers.63 60 ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ quoted in ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, Arms Transfers and Dependence, 297. 61 ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, “Influence through Arms Transfers: Lessons from the US-Pakistani Relationship,” Asia Survey, Vol. 32, No. 12 (December 1992.) 62 Roughly three-quarters of India’s arms imports between during the 1970s and 1980s came from the Soviet Union. SIPRI, Indian Military Imports, 1968-1990. 63 For example, see ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, “Arms Transfer Dependence and Foreign Policy Conflict,” Journal of Peace Research, Vol. 35, No. 1 (1998), 7-23. Nevertheless, other authors argue that the opposite is the case: that, counter-intuitively, a recipient is able to exercise influence over the supplier through arms transfers. For example, ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ argues that the inherent power asymmetry in the arms-transfer relationship “does not necessarily work to the advantage of the arms donor, as is commonly assumed, but rather to the benefit of the arms recipient.”64 Examining U.S. security cooperation relations with small allies during the Cold War, ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ came up with the concept of the “big influence of small allies.”65 According to ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, s...

Foreign Policy.  Foreign policy shall primarily be the responsibility of the Government of the Czech Republic. We shall create and implement foreign policy enjoying the broadest possible consensus. In this regard, we shall work closely with the relevant committees of both ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ of the Czech Parliament.  We hold the fostering of good relations with neighbouring countries to be a matter of key importance. We shall seek deeper-rooted strategic dialogue with Germany as the Czech Republic’s largest economic partner.  We shall place an emphasis on multilateral diplomacy, and in doing so shall capitalise, in particular, on the external actions of the European Union, the United Nations and associated organisations.  We shall promote respect for human rights worldwide. We shall place a particular emphasis on respect for the individual, social and economic rights, and environmental protection.  We shall be active in development aid.  Following on from the Civil Service Act, we shall anticipate a Foreign Service Act, which will include support for the top-class preparation of potential employees from the Czech Republic to work for EU institutions and other international organisations.  We are committed to supporting the international community’s efforts to prevent armed conflicts and settle disputes, where possible, peacefully and on the basis of international law.  Priorities of Czech foreign policy shall include active participation in projects such as Visegrad cooperation and the Eastern Partnership.

Foreign Policy. The new Norwegian government has stated that its foreign policy would remain essentially unchanged. NATO is the cornerstone of Norway's security policy and the government has stated that it will remain in NATO. However, Norway will not be seeking EU membership. The main priorities in Norwegian foreign policy include strengthening relations with the EU and maintaining good relations with Russia. Norway has also been active in the Sri Lankan and Middle East peace processes, participating in UN peacekeeping operations and providing a high