Commercial presence. In respect of activities for the provision of international maritime cargo transport and logistic services, including door-to-door multimodal transport operations, each Party shall permit the shipping companies of the other Party, to establish wholly-owned or jointly-invested subsidiaries, branch or representative offices and, as regards subsidiaries and branch offices to engage in economic activities, in accordance with its laws and regulations. Such activities include, but are not limited to:
Commercial presence. 1. (a) Algeria shall grant for the establishment of Community companies in its territory treatment no less favourable than that accorded to companies of any third country;
Commercial presence. 5. Each Member shall grant financial service suppliers of any other Member the right to establish or expand within its territory, including through the acquisition of existing enterprises, a commercial presence.
Commercial presence. Under this mode, educational institutions of a country (suppliers) establish their branches in another country, i.e. make their commercial presence in another country to ‘provide’ education. Academic community of India has genuine apprehensions on this mode. It is apprehended that the coming of foreign universities to India (under this mode) is detrimental to Indian universities and to the students of poor and middle class families. Further, allowing foreign educational institutions would be detrimental to cultural diversity of the country where the strength of India lies and which is the core of our sovereignty. The imposition of foreign educational standards would lead to the so called standardization of education stifling the space for diversity. The utilitarian approach to educational and cultural aspects of life, which will be prompted by trade in education would lead to desocialisation of education both in access and content. Entry of foreign Universities creates a need for comparative quality assessment between foreign and domestic Universities and the actual problem lies in identifying and applying a yardstick for such an assessment. It is apprehended that in the given circumstances, such yardsticks would be essentially western and because of their alien nature would thereby exclude the indigenous knowledges.
Commercial presence. This involves a direct investment in the export market through the establishment of a business locally for the purpose of providing a service e.g. the establishment of a subsidiary of an insurance company or a bank or local offices of multinational services firms which may employ local personnel and can be incorporated under local laws.
Commercial presence. Article 9
Commercial presence. This refers to service providers which have branch offices abroad. For example, this might include a branch office of a German bank or telecommunications provider abroad. This mode of supply is often linked to investments, i.e. the productive sector. Example: Tourist development of a region requires a corresponding infrastructure (airport, roads, hotels, leisure facilities etc.)
Commercial presence implies that a service supplier of one Member establishes a territorial presence, including through ownership or lease of premises, in another Member's territory to provide a service (e.g. domestic subsidiaries of foreign insurance companies or hotel chains); and
Commercial presence. Subject to Domestic legislation and clearance from the concerned authorities, the Contracting Parties agree to grant permission to freight forwarders and transport operators of the other Contracting Party to establish offices in their respective territories for the purpose of operating activities related to trade in transit. This permission of commercial presence shall be granted on the basis of reciprocity.
Commercial presence. Services supplied by a service supplier of one WTO Member, through commercial presence, in the territory of any other Member. (eg. domestic subsidiaries of foreign insurance companies or hotel chains)
