Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. (COPD) – Inpatient Hospital Discharge Rate Measure: The number of acute inpatient hospital discharges in the reporting year where the primary diagnosis was COPD, per thousand member months, for members who had a diagnosis of COPD in the year prior to the reporting year.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. The following services related to COPD are covered with $0 Out-of-Pocket Cost when linked to a primary diagnosis of COPD and performed by a Network Provider: • Office visits to a Primary Care Provider for routine management of COPD • Office visits to a Pulmonologist (lung specialist) for consultation and routine management of COPD • Palliative care conversations (chronic condition treatment preferences) with Primary Care Provider or Pulmonologist • Inhaler adjuncts (e.g. holding chamber/spacer) as specified on the Formulary and dispensed through our Home Delivery Program • Pulmonary function tests • Home oxygen therapy assessment (oxygen delivery and supplies are subject to routine coverage) • Pulmonary rehabilitation and associated exercise program at 50% cost share reduction SAMPLE • Targeted laboratory tests for the routine management of COPD Please note, if you have complications from COPD and use an urgent care center, emergency department have a hospital stay, or get a lung resection/transplant, services will be subject to standard Out-of- Pocket Costs as outlined in your Schedule of Benefits:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. (COPD) In this work, a database of COPD subjects will be used to demonstrate the automatic method being described. We there- fore provide a brief introduction to COPD in this section. COPD is expected to be the fourth leading cause of death globally by 2030.20 The illness is characterized by airflow limi- tation which is not fully reversible and diagnosis is confirmed by means of spirometry (pulmonary function testing).21 During pulmonary function tests subjects are instructed to exhale fully into a mouthpiece and various measurements are made, includ- ing “forced expiratory volume in 1 second” (FEV1) and “forced vital capacity” (FVC). FEV1 measures how much air volume is released in the first second of expiration, and FVC determines the entire volume exhaled. A value known as “FEV1-predicted” defines the FEV1 in the average population, taking into account details such as gender, height, weight, age, and race. This value is determined from look-up tables.22 The global initiative for obstructive lung disease (GOLD) defines four levels of severity according to the spirometry results (GOLD stages 1–4),21 and the status of subjects with- out COPD is here referred to as “stage 0.” Table I illustrates how a COPD GOLD stage is diagnosed based on these meas- urements. FEV1 as a percentage of FVC (FEV1/FVC%) determines the presence or absence of COPD, while FEV1 as a percentage of FEV1-predicted (FEV1%predicted) is used to establish the severity of the condition. There may be
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. (COPD) – Emergency Department (ED)
